Klára Kosová

Crop Research Institute

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Pavel Vítámvás

Crop Research Institute

Ilja Tom Prášil

Crop Research Institute

Miroslav Klíma

Crop Research Institute

Milan O. Urban

International Center for Biosaline Agriculture

Jenny Renaut

Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology

P. Prášilová

Crop Research Institute

J. Chrpová

Crop Research Institute

Radovan Hynek

University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague

Jaroslava Ovesná

Crop Research Institute

Sébastien Planchon

Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology

Cooperative Institutions

Crop Research Institute

Charles University

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Botany

Czech Academy of Sciences

University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

Institute of Chemical Technology

Plant Production Research Institute

Palacký University Olomouc

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

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Proteomics of wheat and barley cereals in response to environmental stresses: Current state and future challenges

Journal of Proteomics (2023)

Klára Kosová Ilja Tom Prášil Miroslav Klíma Z. Nesvadba Pavel Vítámvás

Triticeae

UniProt

Proteome

Functional Genomics

10.1016/j.jprot.2023.104923

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Citations (11)

Dynamics of cold acclimation and complex phytohormone responses in Triticum monococcum lines G3116 and DV92 differing in vernalization and frost tolerance level

Environmental and Experimental Botany (2014)

Radomı́ra Vaňková Klára Kosová Petre I. Dobrev Pavel Vítámvás Alena Trávníčková

Jasmonic acid

Vernalization

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2014.01.002

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Citations (46)

Effect of geographical origin, regional adaptation, genotype, and release year on winter hardiness of wheat and triticale accessions evaluated for six decades in trials

Scientific Reports (2025)

Ilja Tom Prášil Jana Musilová P. Prášilová Jiřı́ Janáček Marie Coufová

The overwintering of accessions of three wheat species (bread, durum, spelt) and triticale was evaluated annually from 1960 to 2020 at the Crop Research Institute in Prague by means of trials in wooden-boxes. The set of tested cereal accessions was regularly changed, so that the winter survival ratings of the accessions represented a highly unbalanced set of values. Out of 15,510 winter survival values, 1,991 accessions were classified using a generalized linear model with the logit link function and transformation of calculated coefficients into a nine-point scale to estimate their genotypic Winter Hardiness Potential (WHP 1 = least hardy; WHP 9 = most hardy). The WHP of the winter wheat accessions depended on their geographical origin: for European countries, the mean ranged from WHP 7 for north-eastern countries to WHP 3 for south-western countries. There was a decrease in WHP for accessions released in the 21st century in the Central European region. A significant correlation was found between the cultivar WHPs and their survival in the field after severe winters, and registration of new, more cold tender cultivars increased after warm winters. Dependence of the overwintering index on climatic changes in the period 1960 to 2020 is discussed.

Hardiness (plants)

Triticale

Winter wheat

10.1038/s41598-025-89291-8

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Accumulation of WCS120 protein in wheat cultivars grown at 9°C or 17°C in relation to their winter survival

Plant Breeding (2010)

Pavel Vítámvás Klára Kosová P. Prášilová Ilja Tom Prášil

With 4 figures and 1 table Abstract We studied how temperature treatments, at 9°C or 17°C during plant growth under controlled conditions, affected the accumulation of the cold‐regulated dehydrin WCS120 in 21 wheat cultivars which had different winter survival rates. Cultivar survival was established using the provocation pot method over three winters. The levels of WCS120 were determined by immunoblot analyses. There was a good correlation between winter survival and the accumulation of WCS120 in the different cultivars of wheat grown under either 9°C or 17°C. Those plants grown at 9°C accumulated higher amounts of WCS120 than did those grown at 17°C. However, all cultivars tested, including the spring variety, accumulated the WCS120 protein at 17°C. These results indicate that the wheat cultivars with higher levels of frost tolerance can be differentiated from the less‐tolerant ones by the evaluation of WCS120 protein content in the plants, when grown at temperatures higher than those that are normally used in cold‐acclimation treatments.

Frost (temperature)

Winter wheat

Freezing tolerance

10.1111/j.1439-0523.2010.01783.x

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Citations (35)

Breeding for enhanced drought resistance in barley and wheat - drought-associated traits, genetic resources and their potential utilization in breeding programmes

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (2014)

Klára Kosová Pavel Vítámvás Milan O. Urban Jana Kholová Ilja Tom Prášil

Drought represents the most devastating abiotic stress factor worldwide. It severely limits plant growth and development as well as agricultural characteristics including the final yield. The aim of this review is to summarise recent results of the breeding of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and wheat (Triticum aestivum; T. durum) for improved resistance to drought stress. First, drought-associated terms and definitions are outlined and plant strategies to cope with drought are presented. A brief overview of plant physiological mechanisms involved in water uptake and release is provided. Photosynthesis-related parameters (CO2 availability and associated features such as ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity, 13C discrimination activity, water use efficiency) are discussed due to the crucial role of plant leaf stomata in both photosynthesis and water management. The second part describes the present state of research on drought resistance-associated traits in barley and wheat. Different strategies of plant water management aimed at maximising the final yield under various types of drought stress are discussed. Possibilities of the detection, identification and characterization of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in barley and wheat germplasm are discussed and the future approaches to breeding for enhanced drought resistance as a complex physiological and agronomical trait are outlined.

Germ plasm

Drought Tolerance

Plant Breeding

Water Stress

Drought Resistance

10.17221/118/2014-cjgpb

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Citations (47)

Global Scale Transcriptional Profiling of Two Contrasting Barley Genotypes Exposed to Moderate Drought Conditions: Contribution of Leaves and Crowns to Water Shortage Coping Strategies

Frontiers in Plant Science (2016)

Pavel Svoboda Anna Janská Vojtěch Spiwok Ilja Tom Prášil Klára Kosová

Drought is a serious threat for suistanable argiculture. Barley represents a species well adapted to envrinonmental stresses including drought. To elucidate the adaptive mechanism of barley on transcriptional level we evaluated transcriptomic changes of two contrasting barley cultivars upon drought using the microarray technique on the level of leaves and crowns. Using bioinformatic tools, differentially expressed genes in treated vs. non-treated plants were identified. Both genotypes revealed tissue dehydration under drought conditions as shown at water saturation deficit and osmotic potential data; however, dehydration was more severe in Amulet than in drought-resistant Tadmor under the same ambient conditions. Performed analysis showed that Amulet enhanced expression of genes related to active plant growth and development, while Tadmor regarding the stimulated genes revealed conservative, water saving strategy. Common reactions of both genotypes and tissues included an induction of genes encoding several stress-responsive signalling proteins, transcription factors as well as effector genes encoding proteins directly involved in stress acclimation. In leaf, tolerant cultivar effectively stimulated mainly the expression of genes encoding proteins and enzymes involved in protein folding, sulfur metabolism, ROS detoxification or lipid biosynthesis and transport. The crown specific reaction of tolerant cultivar was an enhanced expression of genes encoding proteins and enzymes involved in cell wall lignification, ABRE-dependent ABA signaling, nucleosome remodelling, along with genes for numerous jasmonate induced proteins.

Drought Tolerance

Methyl jasmonate

Ectopic expression

10.3389/fpls.2016.01958

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Citations (18)

Recent advances in breeding of cereals for resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus

Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding (2008)

Klára Kosová J. Chrpová V. Šíp

The review focuses on recent progress in the breeding of small grain cereals (barley, wheat, oats) for resistance to the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV). First, the symptomatology of barley yellow dwarf (BYD) disease is briefly described and the genome of BYDV, its serotypes and mechanisms of its replication and translation in host plants are characterized. Great attention is paid to the description of resistance genes and sources of BYDV resistance that are currently used in some breeding programmes of barley, wheat and oats. In barley, the introduction of the Ryd2 gene into high-yielding cultivars is still desirable. An example of recent success reached in a European programme aimed at a pyramiding of resistance genes is the registration of the Italian feeding barley cultivar Doria, carrying resistance genes Ryd2, rym4 and Rdg1. The release of this cultivar resulted from the cooperation between EICR, Fiorenzuola d'Arda and CRI in Prague-RuzynÄ in the field of virus resistance. Finally, some experiments employing transgenic techniques in the construction of resistant plants are mentioned. In conclusion, the advantages and disadvantages of classical breeding methods using crossing and transgenic techniques are compared and newly arising approaches are discussed.

Barley yellow dwarf

Luteovirus

10.17221/6/2008-cjgpb

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Citations (30)

THE COMPONENTS OF ADAPTIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR COMPUTER-ORIENTED LESSONS

Information Technologies in Education (2012)

Klára Kosová

Learning environment

10.14308/ite000330

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Citations (0)

Oats as a Safe Alternative to Triticeae Cereals for People Sufferring from Celiac Disease?

Klára Kosová Václav Dvořáček

Oats represents a promising alternative to small-grain cereals from Triticeae group (wheat, barley, rye) for persons suffering from any form of gluten intolerance, especially celiac disease (CD), since oat-specific prolamins avenins reveal generally lower gluten content and immunoreactivity. Recent studies on avenin molecular structure revealed large genetic variability in avenin sequences affecting the spectrum of gluten peptides produced by hydrolases in human digestive tract. The aim of the present review is to summarise recent knowledge obtained in laboratory in vitro studies focused on the effect of avenin-derived peptides on reactivity of crucial components of human immune system such as dendritic cells (DC) and T-cells. The other part of the review summarises the results of clinical studies with CD patients including oat products in their diet. Since different clinical studies revealed contradictory results regarding potential safety of oats for CD patients, the focus has to be directed at genetic variability in oat avenins. Identification of avenin isoforms with minimum CD immunoreactivity will open up ways leading to designing novel oat cultivars suitable for CD patients. Knowledge on immunoreactivity of gluten peptides together with breeding new oat cultivars revealing minimum avenin immunoreactivity with respect to CD as well as application of food processing technologies leading to gluten content reduction should result in development of gluten-free oats safe for celiacs.

Triticeae

Deamidation

10.20944/preprints201903.0142.v1

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Citations (1)

Proteomic Response of Hordeum vulgare cv. Tadmor and Hordeum marinum to Salinity Stress: Similarities and Differences between a Glycophyte and a Halophyte

Frontiers in Plant Science (2016)

Lucie Maršálová Pavel Vítámvás Radovan Hynek Ilja Tom Prášil Klára Kosová

Response to a high salinity treatment of 300 mM NaCl was studied in a cultivated barley Hordeum vulgare Syrian cultivar Tadmor and in a halophytic wild barley Hordeum marinum. Differential salinity tolerance of H. marinum and H. vulgare is underlied by qualitative and quantitative differences in proteins involved in a variety of biological processes. The major aim was to identify proteins underlying differential salinity tolerance between the two barley species. Analyses of plant water content, osmotic potential and accumulation of proline and dehydrin proteins under high salinity revealed a relatively higher water saturation deficit in H. marinum than in H. vulgare while H. vulgare had lower osmotic potential corresponding with high levels of proline and dehydrins. Analysis of proteins soluble upon boiling isolated from control and salt-treated crown tissues revealed similarities as well as differences between H. marinum and H. vulgare. The similar salinity responses of both barley species lie in enhanced levels of stress-protective proteins such as defence-related proteins from late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA) family, several chaperones from heat shock protein (HSP) family, and others such as GrpE. However, there have also been found significant differences between H. marinum and H. vulgare salinity response indicating an active stress acclimation in H. marinum while stress damage in H. vulgare. An active acclimation to high salinity in H. marinum is underlined by enhanced levels of several stress-responsive transcription factors from basic leucine zipper (bZIP) and nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) families. In salt-treated H. marinum, enhanced levels of proteins involved in energy metabolism such as glycolysis, ATP metabolism, and photosynthesis-related proteins indicate an active acclimation to enhanced energy requirements during an establishment of novel plant homeostasis. In contrast, changes at proteome level in salt-treated H. vulgare indicate plant tissue damage as revealed by enhanced levels of proteins involved in proteasome-dependent protein degradation and proteins related to apoptosis. The results of proteomic analysis clearly indicate differential responses to high salinity and provide more profound insight into biological mechanisms underlying salinity response between two barley species with contrasting salinity tolerance.

Hordeum

10.3389/fpls.2016.01154

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Citations (59)