Abstract Six alternating conjugated copolymers ( PL1 – PL6 ) of benzo[1,2‐ b :4,5‐ b ′]dithiophene (BDT) and thiophene, containing electron‐withdrawing oxadiazole (OXD), ester, or alkyl as side chains, were synthesized by Stille coupling reaction. The structures of the polymers were confirmed, and their thermal, optical, electrochemical, and photovoltaic properties were investigated. The introduction of conjugated electron‐withdrawing OXD or formate ester side chain benefits to decrease the bandgaps of the polymers and improve the photovoltaic performance due to the low steric hindrance of BDT. Bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs) were fabricated based on the blend of the as‐synthesized polymers and the fullerene derivative [6,6]‐phenyl‐C 61 ‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC 61 BM) in a 1:2 weight ratio. The maximum power conversion efficiency of 2.06% was obtained for PL5 ‐based PSC under the illumination of AM 1.5, 100 mW/cm 2 . © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011

Side chain

Oxadiazole

Polar effect

10.1002/pola.24799

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Citations (19)

Adsorption of uranium(VI) by humic acids isolated from two China uranium-rich lignite deposits

EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (2018)

Yangyang Zhang Yilian Li Yu Ning Danqing Liu Peng Tang

Uranium ore

Source

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Development of a new benzo(1,2-b:4,5-b′)dithiophene-based copolymer with conjugated dithienylbenzothiadiazole–vinylene side chains for efficient solar cells

Chemical Communications (2011)

Zhaojie Gu Ping Shen Sai‐Wing Tsang Ye Tao Bin Zhao

A new benzodithiophene-based copolymer PTG1 with dithienylbenzothiadiazole-vinylene side chains exhibits excellent film-forming ability, a deep HOMO energy level, and a good miscibility with PC(71)BM. Bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells fabricated from PTG1 and PC(71)BM showed a promising power conversion efficiency over 4.0%.

Side chain

Miscibility

10.1039/c1cc12851e

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Citations (64)

Boundary Determination of Lake-Type Wetland Park Based on GIS Multifactor Analysis

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience (2022)

Guodong Chen Peng Tang Hao Wang

One key carrier for wetland resource protection is wetland park, the main form of which includes lake-type wetland park. To determine the management and control boundary of lake-type wetland parks scientifically and reasonably is of great significance to the sustainable protection and utilization of wetland resources. From the perspective of landscape architecture, and landscape ecology, this paper studies the boundary determination of Changdang Lake National Wetland Park (the Park) based on satellite remote sensing information technology and GIS technology and in virtue of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). In this study, 12 subindicators were selected from three levels including visual control, human geography, and ecological control. The weight of each indicator was determined by AHP, and then the influencing factors were transformed into graphic data by using GIS technology. Finally, the Park’s boundary was determined by factor superposition analysis based on the weight. The research shows that the newly defined management and control boundary are about 340 sq.km, which effectively integrates the human and natural ecological resources around the lake area, makes the development of the surrounding areas harmonious, ensures the integrity of the lake area ecosystem, and facilitates the sustainable development of wetland resources.

10.1155/2022/6161491

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Vertical Accelerations and Convection Initiation in an Extreme Precipitation Event in the Western Arid Areas of Southern Xinjiang

Atmosphere (2024)

Na Li Lingkun Ran Daoyong Yang Baofeng Jiao Cha Yang

A simulation of an extreme precipitation event in southern Xinjiang, which is the driest area in China, seizes the whole initiation process of the intense convective cell responsible for the high hourly rainfall amount. Considering the inner connection between convection and vertical motions, the characteristics and mechanisms of the vertical accelerations during this initial development of the deep convection are studied. It is shown that three key accelerations are responsible for the development from the nascent cumuli to a precipitating deep cumulonimbus, including sub-cloud boundary-layer acceleration, in-cloud deceleration, and cloud-top acceleration. By analyzing the right-hand terms of the vertical velocity equation in the framework of the WRF model, together with a diagnosed relation of perturbation pressure to perturbation potential temperature, perturbation-specific volume (or density), and moisture, the physical processes associated with the corresponding accelerations are revealed. It is found that sub-cloud acceleration is associated with three-dimensional divergence, indicating that the amount of upward transported air must be larger than that of horizontally convergent air. This is favorable for the persistent accumulation of water vapor into the accelerated area. In-cloud deceleration is caused by the intrusion or entrainment of mid-level cold air, which cools down the developing cloud and delays the deep convection formation. Cloud-top acceleration is responsible for the rapid upward extension of the cloud top, which is highly correlated with the convergence and upward transport of moisture.

10.3390/atmos15121406

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[Rapid Cultivation of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Granular Sludge and Inhibition Kinetics of Granular Sludge].

PubMed (2019)

Peng Tang Deshuang Yu Guanghui Chen Peiyu Zhang Xiaoxia Wang

For the rapid cultivation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) granular sludge (AGS), a small amount of flocculent ANAMMOX sludge (FAS) was taken as the research object, and a bio-flow separate ball was used as the filler in an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) to rapidly begin ANAMMOX and to cultivate granular sludge. In addition, the substrate inhibition kinetic characteristics of the AGS were investigated by using the Haldane model. The results showed that start-up of the ANAMMOX was successfully achieved. The total nitrogen removal rate was more than 85%, and the volume load of total nitrogen was 0.72 kg·(m3·d)-1. AGS with diameters of 1.0-3.0 mm were cultured within 127 days using the Bio-flow Separate Ball. The kinetic studies showed that the maximum reaction rates for ammonia and nitrite of granular sludge were 1.46 kg·(kg·d)-1 and 1.76 kg·(kg·d)-1, with half inhibition constants of ammonia and nitrite at 852.2 mmol·L-1 and 108.2 mmol·L-1, respectively. Compared with FAS, AGS can withstand higher concentrations of ammonia and nitrite and can maintain a higher reaction rate. The placement of the filler has positive significance for starting ANAMMOX and rapidly culturing AGS.

Anammox

10.13227/j.hjkx.201812091

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Application and mechanism of quorum sensing in biological wastewater treatment systems: Current state and future prospects

Journal of environmental chemical engineering (2024)

Peng Gao Jun Li Jing Zhang Andong Zhao Peng Tang

10.1016/j.jece.2024.113453

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Citations (7)

Rare Earth Elements Occurrence and Economical Recovery Strategy from Shale Gas Wastewater in the Sichuan Basin, China

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering (2020)

Lun Tian Haiqing Chang Peng Tang Tong Li Xiao-Fei Zhang

Global demand for rare earth elements (REEs), which are central to many modern high-tech industries, is increasing rapidly. For the first time, we discovered and determined the REEs concentrations in Sichuan Basin shale gas flowback and produced water (FPW). The total REEs in shale gas FPW investigated in this work ranged from 4.5 to 118.3 μg/L. Europium (Eu) was found in all samples (0.92–79.62 μg/L). Our study suggests that there was approximately 4.2 tons of Eu2O3 in FPW worldwide in 2016, and that this value could increase to 16.8–111.7 tons in 2030. We discussed potential methods for Eu recovery from FPW and further research needs to facilitate recovery of REE. The results suggest that wastewater from oil and gas extraction constitutes a promising resource for REEs, especially for Eu.

Shale Gas

Resource Recovery

Europium

10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c04971

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Citations (49)