Abstract A surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal display (SSFLCD) fabricated using a developed polyimide (PI) alignment film (RN1199, Nissan chem. Ind.) demonstrates an excellent bistable memory capability with high contrast ratio owing to zigzag defect free. In order to clarify why PI-RN1199 film is so useful for fabricating defect-free SSFLCD, we have characerized PI-RN1199 film in comparison with other conventional PI films by observing the surface morphologies of rubbed PI films with an atomic force microscope (AFM). From the results of characterization of PI films, it is concluded that the formation of C2-uniform structure may be attributed to the smoothness of the surface of PI-RN1199 with a small pretilt angle. Key Words: SSFLCDpolyimide RN1199bistabilitysurface morphology
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
The frequency dependence of the impedance of a liquid crystal cell was measured for 4-n-pentyl-4 ′ -cyanobiphenyl. The resistivity of a liquid crystal layer decreases due to two relaxation processes. The relaxation time for the slow process is about 4000 h, and that for the fast process is of the order of 100 h. This implies that the carrier ion concentration increases over a long period of time. A surface double layer was detected at the polyimide in the low frequency region, the thickness of which tends to decrease with time.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
Abstract Detailed conformational analyses of our previously reported cyclopropane‐based peptidomimetics and conformational analysis‐driven ligand optimization are described. Computational calculations and X‐ray crystallography showed that the characteristic features of cyclopropane function effectively to constrain the molecular conformation in a three‐dimensionally diverse manner. Subsequent principal component analysis revealed that the diversity covers the broad chemical space filled by peptide secondary structures in terms of both main‐chain and side‐chain conformations. Based on these analyses, a lead stereoisomer targeting melanocortin receptors was identified, and its potency and subtype selectivity were improved by further derivatization. The presented strategy is effective not only for designing non‐peptidic ligands from a peptide ligand but also for the rational optimization of these ligands based on the plausible target‐binding conformation without requiring the three‐ dimensional structural information of the target and its peptide ligands.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.
We developed a new polyimide, RN-1411, for the alignment of ferroelectric liquid crystal display (FLCD) and used it to fabricate an intrinsic FLCD showing half V-shaped switching called intrinsic H-V-mode FLCD. In this research, we particularly adopted a hybrid alignment method, typically the combination of a weak anchoring treatment for one substrate and a strong anchoring treatment for another substrate, that was actually performed by the combination of strong rubbing and weak rubbing, and the combination of photoalignment and rubbing using the same polyimide or that of rubbing and ion-beam alignment, where the same polyimide film or two different polyimide materials were used. It was shown that an intrinsic H-V-mode FLCD fabricated using this method has a defect-free molecular conformation that is realized without applying a DC voltage to remove degeneracy in the layer structure, which makes it possible to realize a high contrast ratio of 300:1 and high temperature reliability for a temperature cycling test.
