BACKGROUND: West Syndrome (WS) represents as a specific epileptic encephalopathy characterised with a unique type of attacks, called infantile spasms, severe forms of abnormalities in electroencephalographic (EEG) records as a hypsarythmias and delays in the psychomotoric development. The characteristics of the disease, mostly affecting male gender, are infantile spasms and typical findings in EEG as a hypsarythmia. Infantile spasms are a consequence of many factors in the undeveloped brain.AIM: We aimed: (1) to see the incidence of the illness and the spreading out because of gender in rapport with other syndromes in the epileptic encephalopathies group; (2) to show principles of the treatment for the illness; and (3) to present the effects of the disease in the psycho-motoric development of affected children.METHODS: The study was designed as a cross-sectional study of the patients with epileptic encephalopathies, treated in Paediatric Clinic in Prishtina, from 1st of January 2013 until the 31st of December 2015. RESULTS: From the cohort group of 97 children diagnosed with epileptic encephalopathies, in 14 of them clinical and EEG signs of WS were noted. The earliest age of disease manifestation was 74 days (± 63.8 days). On the group of children with WS, 13 of them with Natrium Valpropat were treated, with the doses of 301.9 mg (± 64.1). From the cohort group, in 89 children (91.8%) psychomotoric retardation was documented, within the higher reoccurrence in the undifferentiated epileptic encephalopathies (96%) and the WS (78.6%).CONCLUSION: WS is a frequent disease of the encephalopathies with the epileptogenic framework. The resistance in anticonvulsive therapy is huge, and psychomotoric retardation follows a big percentage of children with this syndrome.
Double-chambered left ventricle (DCLV) is a rare congenital anomaly, and only a few cases have been reported in the literature, in which a 2-chambered LV is separated by the interventricular septum or an abnormal muscle bundle.We report a case of a girl who was presented at tertiary level for cardiological examination where, during the routine examination systolic murmur was registered.After echocardiographical examination DCLV was confirmed.Anomaly was associated with idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), severe mid cavity obstruction of left ventricle and high intra-ventricular peak pressure.
Obstruction to the left ventricular outflow of the heart may be above the aortic valve (5%), at the valve (74%), or in the subvalvar region (23%). These anomalies represent 3 to 6% of all patients with congenital heart defects (CHD), and it occurs more often in males (male-female ratio of 4:1).The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of transthoracic echocardiography in diagnosis of discrete subaortic membrane, to determine convenient time for surgical intervention, and for identifying involvement of the aortic valve by subaortic shelf.A retrospective review of the medical records and echocardiograms of 18 patients [14 male (77%) and 4 female (23%)] with discrete subaortic membrane, aged 11 month to 12 years, with mean age of 5 years and 3 month, diagnosed at the Pediatric Clinic in Prishtina, during the period September, 1999 and December, 2010 were done.Four patients, in neonatal age were operated from critical coarctation of the aorta and, initial signs of congestive heart failure were presented. 2 of them were operated in Belgrade, Serbia and 2 in Lausanne, Switzerland.In all presented patients bicuspid aortic valve was noted, but none of them subaortic membrane was registered.
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Our country, as a developing one is facing also with many, “new fashioned” diseases, which are becoming epidemic in developed world, such as: obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, stress and unhealthy diet.
Objective
The aim of this study is To present food patterns in schoolchildren in our region and To stress the role of healthy nutrition in the prevention of CHD.
Methods
Two hundred schoolchildren, aged from 7–15 years, examined at University Children’s Hospital, are included in this study. They are selected at random and mostly suffer from respiratory infections, throat infections, rheumatic fever, etc. Except history, physical examination, laboratory and anthropometric measures, an questionnaire regarding to food habits was filled by all patients.
Results
Of 200 examined children, there were 150 (75.0%)with normal weight (< 97 percentile), 36 (18.0%) underweight (< 3 percentile) and 14 (7.0%) overweight ore obese (>97 percentile). There were 10 (5.0%) children with dislypidaemia and 6 (3.0%) with hypertension. The questionnaires analysis revealed many unhealthy habits: 75.0% prefer processed and fast food, 85.0% sweetened fruit drinks and soda. On the other hand, the consumption of healthy food, such as: milk, honey, fruits, whole grains, vegetables, functional foods, fish etc is very low.
Conclusion
This paper underlines the link between food and health, especially in children; they, as a very vulnerable segment of population are often “victims” of food industry which offer them: high content of salt, sugar, trans fat.
Background: Arterial tortuosity syndrome (ATS) is a rare congenital connective tissue disorder characterized by elongation and generalized tortuosity of the major and distal arteries, including the aorta. Clinically syndrome is associated with hyperextensible skin and hypermobility of joints. Objective: Here we present a three-year-old boy who was referred to our center for investigation of incidental murmur; but subsequently he was found to have ATS. Results: A 3-year-old boy with lax joints and hyper flexibility of the skin was found to have severe tortuosity of the great vessels along with critical aortic coarctation. Diagnosis and management aspects have been discussed. This review delves into a variety of strategies that could be harnessed to enhance radiology diagnostic services, thereby better-serving stroke patients in multidisciplinary hospital settings. It sheds light on the current hurdles in the optimization of stroke management, discussing them in detail. This article also explores the application and significance of Process Mapping in streamlining workflow for stroke management in hospitals, providing insights into its benefits, challenges, and future implications. Furthermore, the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in refining stroke management processes is also analysed and discussed. Conclusion: The quest for optimizing the organization of radiology diagnostic services in multidisciplinary hospitals unveils a multi-pronged pathway. It beckons a harmonious blend of technological innovation, operational finesse, and multidisciplinary camaraderie. stepwise implementation of the identified optimization strategies, coupled with a continual assessment of their impact on patient care and operational efficiency, is recommended.