Background: Hypodontia is often used as a collective term for congenital absence of primary or secondary teeth, although specifically it describes the absence of one to six teeth excluding third molars.The prevalence of hypodontia varies from 0.03 to 10.1% in various populations.Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed the records of Turkish orthodontic patients treated between 1994 and 2003.A total of 1236 orthodontic patients (507 girls, 729 boys) were included in this study.The age of the patients ranged from 11 to 20 years.Data were collected and entered into the SPSS 20 program for statistical analysis.The Chi-square test was used to analyze differences in the distribution of hypodontia, sex, and malocclusion type.Results: In the total sample of 1236 patients who were orthodontically treated, hypodontia was found in 82 children, including 45 girls and 37 boys.The prevalence of hypodontia was 7%.Patients with more severe hypodontia showed a tendency to exhibit a class II relationship.The mandibular second premolar were the most commonly missing teeth in 48 girls and 26 boys.Conclusion: Hypodontia may lead to some clinical problems including malocclusions, esthetic and functional complaints, and also psychological problems.All cases should be evaluated by an interdisciplinary approach for appropriate treatment choice.Our data emphasize the importance of detailed and careful radiographic examination.This helps in long-term and effective treatment planning according to a child's individual requirements.
Eating disorders (ED) are an important public health problem for adolescents due to changing eating attitudes. Using the Eating Attitude Test (EAT-26) with a sample of Turkish adolescents aged 9-15 years, this study evaluated the behavioral risk of ED and its association with dental caries, age, body mass index (BMI), and gender.The EAT-26 scoring system was used, and variables examined included demographic, familial, sociocultural, social, and clinical features. Data were analyzed using SPSS® Statistics for Windows, version 20.0. (IBM, New York, NY, USA).A total of 112 adolescents, 46 (41.1%) boys, and 66 (58.9%) girls (mean age 11.46 ± 1.91 years), were evaluated. EAT-26 mean scores were 16.0 (10.0-21.0) for girls and 14.0 (12.0-23.0) for boys (Mann Whitney U test; P = 0.509). There was no statistically significant difference between the mean BMI scores and the mean EAT-26 scores for girls and boys (Mann Whitney U test) (P = 0.509) (P = 0.636). The mean DMFT decay-missing-filled and total) was higher in EAT-26 >20 than in EAT-26 <20, and the difference was statistically significant (Mann Whitney U test; P = 0.008). BMI was not correlated with EAT-26 (Spearman rank correlation test, r = -0.013, P = 0.156), but there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the development of caries and age (Spearman rank correlation test, r = 0.405, P < 0.05).Early diagnosis of ED is crucial because it primarily starts during childhood and adolescence. It is responsible for the dft of the deciduous teeth. BMI is related to decay,missed,filled,total (DMFT), decay, filled, total (dft), and age in adolescents aged 9-15 years. Furthermore, we searched subgroups of EAT-26 for dental caries. Dieting score may be a significant factor for dental caries for ED. However, observing ability is an important factor for dentists because they can inform parents and provide information on preventing ED.
The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and fluoride-containing varnish on prevention enamel erosive tooth wear.
Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak on perceived stress in primary school children as measured through a Perceived Stress Scale in Children (PSS-C) as user-friendly format.Methods: Participants were invited to join online survey through the google docs platform using the social media. 303 participants were included in the analysis. We used Perceived Stress Scale-C to measure the degree of PS in the past months. One-way Analyses of Variance were used to examine differences.Findings: Among the 303 valid participants, 56,4% (n=171) were girls and 43,6% (n=132) were boys. PSS-C demonstrated a moderate level of stress over the last month (Mean score 11.46±5.83; Range 0-26). There were no statistically significant differences in terms of PSS-C scale (p=0.597) in age group. High total perceived stress in female (ß= -0,148, P=0.011) were important related factors for PSS-C score in children Through the one-way ANOVA, factors were not statistically significant for mother job (F=0.847, P=0.693); father job (F=1.113, p=0.326 ) ; confirmed/suspected cases in family (t=1.022, p=0.308) and knowledge of COVID-19 (t=0.466, p=0.327). Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out with the factors as age, gender, mother job, father job, confirmed/suspected cases in family and knowledge of COVID-19.Interpretetion: This is the first study that was to assess the effect of the COVID-19 outbreak on perceived stress in primary school children as measured through a Perceived Stress Scale in Children as user-friendly format. Children can't advocate for their needs when they have smaller years age old. They fear unknown situation and things. It is necessary to give the right information at the right time. For this reason, the observations of parents and teachers are very important factor for understanding their feelings. Our findings indicate that social support is a significant important protective factor for mental health among children during outbreak.Funding: None.Declaration of Interests: None.Ethics Approval Statement: The study protocol was approved by the ethics committee of the corresponding research institute Bakırköy Sadi Konuk Research and Training Hospital (2020/200). The online questionnaires involved in this study were anonymous and informed consent of the parents of children were obtained before starting.
Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of a novel mineral containing toothpaste in comparison to a fluoride toothpaste in children with white spot lesions. Method: The clinical study was conducted from 2016 to 2018 at Marmara University Department of Pediatric Dentistry Clinic after approval from the ethics review committee of Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey, and comprised children of either gender aged 4-5 years having white spot lesions. They were randomly allocated into two groups. The FT ( Fluoridated Toothpaste ) group was given a 500ppm fluoridated toothpaste, while the Mineral Containing Toothpaste (MCT) group was given toothpaste containing calcium glycerophosphate, magnesium chloride, and 12% xylitol. The white spot lesions were examined using Laser Fluorescence (LF) at baseline and after a month of usage. The two readings were compared. Stimulated saliva was collected for measuring the salivary potential of hydrogen, buffering capacity, and streptococcus mutans. Data was analysed using SPSS 19. Results: Of the 26 children, 10(38%) were girls and 16(62%) were boys. The overall mean age was 4.77+/-0.54 years. There were 13(50%) subjects in each of the two groups. Of the 381 measurements done, 198(52%) were in the MCT group and 183(48%) in the FT group. LF scores decreased in both the groups (p=0.001). The remineralising potential was not significantly different (p=0.866), while salivary buffering capacity and potential of hydrogen increased in both the groups but the change was not significant (p>0.05). The number of children positive for streptococcus mutans decreased in both the groups (p>0.05). ---Continue
The FluoreCam system is based on an innovative approach to the quantification of enamel health termed fluorescence enamel imaging (FEI). Enamel is both highly mineralized and semi-translucent. Because of its mineral composition, enamel will fluoresce when exposed to certain light wavelengths. The semi-translucent nature of enamel results in different enamel densities emitting different levels of fluorescence. As a result, with FEI technology, one can measure the density of tooth enamel by measuring its fluorescence when subjected to specific light wavelengths.To determine the ability of visual examination and the instrumental procedures of the FluoreCam to monitor molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) lesions.This study involved children with MIH at the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Marmara University. In total, 11 patients with MIH were diagnosed on a visual MIH scale and evaluated with the FluoreCam. The equipment, data processing, and interaction between the equipment and operator were evaluated.Fluorescent images recorded with the custom software, the clinical view, and digital numeric values were evaluated to assess the potential for use of the device in clinical practice.These preliminary data from an ongoing clinical study suggest that measurements with the FluoreCam are useful in monitoring MIH. This technique also provides visual and quantitative feedback to patients.
Background/Aim: Improper positioning of the patient reduces the diagnostic quality of panoramic radiographs. It is important to perfect the panoramic patient positioning technique to avoid unnecessary repeat exposures especially in pediatric patients. In this study, pediatric patient sample of records collected from an oral and dental health center were analyzed to determine the relative incidence of positioning errors of panoramic radiographs. Material and Methods: 3788 (1928 girls, 1860 boys) digital panoramic radiographs obtained from the stored data in the system were selected randomly. The radiographs were evaluated by two radiology specialists, by recording separately. The positioning errors of the images were categorized into ten groups: the chin tipped high, chin tipped low, a slumped position, the patient positioned forward, the patient positioned backward, failure to position the tongue against the palate, patient movement during exposure, the head tilted, and the head turned to one side. The results were statistically analyzed for positioning errors according to age and gender. Results: In 3788 radiographs, 2138 (56.4%) were error-free and 1650 (43.6%) were present with positioning errors. In the improper images, a single positional error was present in 1379 (83.6%); two positional errors were present in 248 (15%) and three or more positional errors in 23 (1.4%). The most common error observed was the tongue not being in contact with the hard palate (32.1%). On the other hand, the least common experienced error was patient movement during exposure (2.0%). Conclusions: The positioning errors of panoramic radiographs were common in the sample group of this study. Careful patient positioning can play a significant role in improving the radiographic quality and reducing the number of retakes.
Probiotics act as a unique approach to maintaining oral health by supplementing the endogenous oral bacteria with additional naturally occurring beneficial microbes to provide defense against pathogens harmful to teeth and gingiva. The aim of this pilot study was to clinically evaluate the effects of probiotics on plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation in subjects with fixed orthodontics.The pilot study was comprised of 15 healthy patients, aged 11 to 18 years, undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. Patients used an all-natural, dissolving lozenge containing six proprietary probiotic strains (Dentaq® Oral and ENT Health Probiotic Complex)for 28 days. Gingival Index (GI) according to Löe-Silness and Plaque Index (PI) according to Quigley-Hein for all teeth were measured at baseline (Day Zero) and at the end of the probiotic regimen (Day 28).The mean baseline GI and PI scores within each patient decreased by 28.4% and 35.8%, respectively, by Day 28. Patients reported decreased tooth and gingival pain, decreased oral bleeding, and increased motivation to maintain proper oral hygiene over the course of the study.This pilot study provided preliminary support for the use of Dentaq Oral and ENT Health Probiotic Complex as a safe and effective natural health product for the reduction of plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation. The results demonstrate its potential therapeutic value and open the door for larger scale placebo-controlled clinical studies to verify these findings.
