Ld Jo

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D Pharm

The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Soumana Datta

University of Rajasthan

Abdul Malik

National Heart Foundation of Australia

Hari Singh

Seetaram Naik Azmeera

Edijane Matos Sales

Faculdade Ruy Barbosa

Leila Rouabah

Constantine 1 University

Kirti Rani

Mathrusri Ramabai Ambedkar Dental College & Hospital

Kinsuk Kalyan Sarker

Saskatchewan Health Authority

Yogendra Kumar

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology

Cooperative Institutions

University of Rajasthan

Universidade Federal da Bahia

Gujarat Technological University

Government Ayurvedic College and Hospital

Dr. Hari Singh Gour University

Banaras Hindu University

Medical University of Varna

Kakatiya University

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Biotechnology

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research

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ENTEROBACTERIACEAE IN SLAUGHTERED ANIMALS WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO PATHOGENIC STRAINS

Ld Jo

A total of 75 random swab samples collected from cattle, camel and sheep carcasses at Cairo and Qalyubia abattoirs to determine the contamination level of such carcasses with Enterobacteriaceae either quantitatively or qualitatively. The obtained results indicated that the mean values of these bacterial counts in the examined swab samples of sheep, cattle and camel were 2.54±.44×10 3 , 1.33±0.26×10 3 and 5.91±1.02×10 2 /cm 2 for the total Enterobacteriaceae count and 2.97±0.51×10 3 , 8.54±1.67×10 2 and 2.28± 0.75×10 2 /cm 2 for the total coliform count, respectively. The differences associated with the examined swab samples as a result of total Enterobacteriaceae and coliform counts were significant. On the other hand, Salmonella, E. coli, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Proteus species were isolated from the examined swab samples with varying percentages. Accurately, 16%, 4% and 16% of sheep, cattle and camel swab samples were contaminated with E. coli, however, the identified serovars were O86: k61(B7), O124:k72(B17), O55:k59(B5),O128:k67(B12) and O26:k60(B6). Referring to Salmonellae; S. enteritidis and S. typhimurium were detected only in cattle surface swab samples (4% of each).

Citrobacter

Klebsiella

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ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF GLIADIN BY NIGELLA SATIVA SEEDS PROTEASE: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEW TREATMENT OF CELIAC DISEASE

Nousseiba Bellir Mohamed Nacer Bellir Leila Rouabah Ld Jo

The protease was extracted from Nigella sativa seeds with 0,1 M citrate/phosphate buffer (pH 7,5), the crude enzyme extract showed maximum protease activity at pH 1,5 ,and optimal temperature at 50°C. After the partially purification of enzyme and analyses of RPHPLC and SDS-PAGE results it appeared that Nigella sativa seeds protease degrade Triticum aestivum gliadin more efficiently than Triticum durum gliadin after 24h of incubation. The activity of Nigella sativa seeds protease with gliadin as substrate, in pH 7,5 at 37°C after 2h of incubation, before and after partial enzymatic purification prove that the crude enzyme extract have a low activity with Triticum durum gliadin however it was important with Triticum aestivum gliadin, this protease activity was increased in the same conditions using partially purified enzyme and it persist always higer with Triticum durum gliadin comparing with Triticum aestivum gliadin. On the bases of these results, Nigella sativa seeds protease represent the alternative means of treating celiac disease in the future using the detoxification of gliadin to eliminate the immunogenicity of gluten.

Gliadin

Nigella sativa

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Development and Evaluation of Time Controlled Pulsatile Drug Delivery System of Ketoprofen.

Patel Jitendra Madhabhai Patel Anil Bhandari Ld Jo D Pharm

Many disease conditions follow the circardian rhythm. In rheumatoid arthritis maximum pain observed early in the morning. So efforts have been done to delivery the drug, which is administered at the night, delayed the drug release for 6 hrs and release the drug early in the morning. An oral press coated tablet was developed by direct compression method to achieve the time controlled tablet with a distinct predetermined lag time. Press coated tablet containing ketoprofen in the inner core was formulated with outer shell by using hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose and ethylcellulose. The effect of outer coating on lag time was investigated and formulation was modified. The release profile of press coated tablet exhibit that hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose have lesser effect on lag time, while ethylcellulose have lag time of up to 8 hrs. So formulation was developed by using combination of hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose and ethylcellulose.

Ketoprofen

Lag time

Methyl cellulose

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PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ROOT, STEM AND LEAF EXTRACTS IN RUBIA CORDIFOLIA L. AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT

Sreenu Pendli Samatha Talari Gandhi Nemali Seetaram Naik Azmeera Ld Jo

Rubia cordifolia L., (Rubiaceae) commonly known as Indian Madder is an important medicinal plant used in Indian traditional medicine for curing various diseases. The present study was carried out to analyze the biologically active compounds present in Rubia cordifolia root, stem and leaf of various solvent extracts i.e. methanol, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether and aqueous. The Phytochemical screening revealed that they were positive for anthraquinones, glycosides, flavonoids, steroids, phenols and saponins and were negative for alkaloids, tannins and quinones of all solvent extractions. The presence of these biologically active Compounds in R.cordifolia, a valuable medicinal plant support that this plant is being used as medicine for curing various diseases in traditional medicinal systems and can also be employed in the treatment of various ailments in modern medicine too.

Phytochemical

Anthraquinones

Petroleum ether

Tannin

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EFFECT OF PRE-SOWING TREATMENT WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENT ON GERMINATION OF VARIETIES OF WITHANIA SOMNIFERA (L.) DUNAL

World Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (2014)

Chaudhary Sheetal Shravankumar Soumana Datta Ld Jo

Among the various medicinal plants, Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, commonly known as Ashwagandha or Indian gingseng, is an important medicinal plant and its use in ayurvedic and unani system of medicine extends back over 3000 to 4000 years. Withania somnifera belongs to Solanaceae family is a small woody shrub or herb that grows usually 30 to 50 cm height. The species is extensively used in pharmaceutical companies and Ayurvedic formulations. Over exploitation of the species is now widespread due to high market demand, due to these reasons appropriate agrotechnology needs to be developed for wider cultivation of the species looking into the growing demand of the plant roots. Proper fertilizer management for a medicinal plant species is also important for increasing its yield and maintaining the quality of active principles. With increasing costs of chemical fertilizers and their hazardous and polluting effect on soil environment, using organic amendments is an alternative method for the improvement of crop production and soil fertility maintenance. In our present study various organic amendments (vermicompost, goat manure) in combination with pre-sowing (soaking) treatment were used to enhance the germination percentage of Withania somnifera varieties.

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INVESTIGATION OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FLUEGGEA LEUCOPYRUS (WILLD.)

Vajira P. Bulugahapitiya Amila Bandara Munasinghe Ld Jo D Pharm Sri Lanka

Flueggea leucopyrus (Willd) is a medicinal herb belongs to the family Euphorbiacea. The present study focused on the qualitative and quantitative investigation of phytochemicals, determination of major elements, and proximate analysis of the bark and the leaves of F.leucopyrus(Willd). The leaves and the bark extracts were screened for alkaloids, terpenoids, unsaturated sterols, glycosides, saponins, phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, carbohydrates and protein. All the extracts gave positive results for the above screening tests. Quantitative analysis showed the presence of 0.13 % of alkaloids, 0.74 % of saponins and 1.15 % of tannins in the methanolic extract of the leaves and 0.02 %, 0.19 % and 1.62 % in the methanolic extract of the bark respectively. Total phenolics were 34.86 mg/g, 3.98 mg/g, 38.49 mg/g and 29.93 mg/g in gallic acid equivalent for the aqueous extracts of the leaves and the bark and methanolic extracts of the leaves and the bark respectively. Total flavonoids were 20.33 mg/g, 11.86 mg/g, 11.48 mg/g and 6.42 mg/g in quercetin equivalent for the aqueous extracts of the leaves and the bark and methanolic extracts of the leaves and the bark respectively. It was found that carbohydrates were present as 48.73 % and 53.07 %, in the leaves and the bark respectively whereas proteins were present as 21.20 % and 12.87 % in the leaves and the bark respectively. Further, the proximate analysis showed that moisture content, ash content, lipids content and fiber content were 10.20 g/100 g, 7.06 g/100 g, 1.50 g/100 g and 8.44 g/100 g in the leaves and 11.82 g/100 g, 6.03 g/100 g, 0.75 g/100 g and 14.56 g/100 g in the bark respectively. The elemental analysis revealed that nitrogen, sodium, potasium and phosphorus were 3.39 g/100 g, 0.37 g/100 g, 0.36 g/100 g and 0.01 g/100 g in the leaves and 2.06 g/100 g, 0.23 g/100 g, 0.27 g/100 g and 0.01 g/100 g in the bark respectively.

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GUTKHA AS A CHARM IN IN-VITRO & HARM IN IN-VIVO: A DEVIL IN DISGUISE

Kinsuk Kalyan Sarker Clive Dadida Paul Dhliwayo Dhrubo Jyoti Sen Ld Jo

Gutkha can well be defined as a devil in disguise. Promoted as a mouth freshener, this betel nuts and tobacco preparation is designed to release a chemical reaction that makes it an addictive proposition. However, most consumers believe that the blended spices and seasonings do not make it as a harmful product! But, the truth remains that gutkha; just as any other tobacco product is very addictive and injurious to health. Gutkha has been proved to be carcinogenic. Gutkha leads to oral sub-mucous fibrosis (SMF), a pre-cancerous disease that is a first step to cancer. This has increased 20-30 times across the country. It also leads to throat, esophageal cancers. Oral cancers, predominantly squamous cell carcinomas of the lip, mouth, tongue and pharynx. Loss of appetite. Promote unusual sleep patterns. Loss of concentration. One study found that pregnant women in India who used Gutkha had a threefold increased risk of having a low birth weight infant. The extensive marketing of gutkha has led to a widespread addiction amongst school children. According to a survey conducted in 2008, 5 million children under the age of 15 years are addicted to gutkha. Another survey conducted in Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh highlighted that the precursor of mouth cancers was shown in 16%. The number can get more shocking. The only way to stop the consumption is by educating the masses. Also, one must understand that it needs equal persuasion, guidance and support to help someone quit this habit. It’s not only the numbers that is disturbing, but also the fact that most gutkha users are unaware of the fact it is an addictive and harmful habit. The list of shocking details doesn’t stop here. So far, guthka is largely ignored and there is no regulated body in India that works against the

Snus

Areca

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EFFECT OF PHYLLANTHUS NIRURI EXTRACTS ON COLONY FORMING UNITS OF THE GRANULOCYTE - MACROPHAGE SERIES ACTIVITY IN SERUM OF MICE

P. Veeresh Kumar Satish Kumar Naga Kishore Ld Jo D Pharm

This study was performed to elucidate the possible mechanism of action of Phyllanthus Niruri In view of the fact that Phyllanthus niruri induced leucocytosis. Ten to twelve-week-old either sex mice (Swiss albino) weighing 18 to 22 g were selected for the study. On the 11 th day, the animals were sacrificed and blood was collected from the heart. Total and differential white blood cell count was performed. Serum was separated and stored at 80 oC. This was used for colony stimulating activity. The results were expressed as the mean  S.D. for the indicated number of experiments. Based on the results we found that the dose dependent increment was observed in the concentration of DLC. It might be due to CFU-GM stimulating activity of Phyllanthus niruri extract. GM-CSF stimulates stem cells to produce granulocytes and Monocytes. On account of this fact, we concluded that the neutrophil activity stimulated in the extract treated group which is helpful for its immunostimulant potential.

Phyllanthus

Immunostimulant

White blood cell

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BIODEGRADATION OF CICER ARIETINUM AMYLASE LOADED COCONUT OIL DRIVEN EMULSIFIED BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR APPLICATION IN WASHING DETERGENTS AS ECO-FRIENDLY BIO-ACTIVE ADDITIVE

Kirti Rani Chanchal Chauhan Ld Jo

In present work, Cicer arietinum amylase was encapsulated into coconut driven emulsified bovine serum albumin nanoparticle through glutaraldehyde. Biodegradation of coconut oil driven emulsified bovine serum albumin encapsulated Cicer arietinum amylase was carried out by using different units of alkaline protease (5U, 10U, 15U, 20U, 25U, 30U, 35U, 40U) to study their controlled and sustained release of encapsulated enzyme from prepared nanoparticles and hence, storage stability was enhanced up to 8 months as compared to free enzyme. Further, this coconut oil driven emulsified bovine serum albumin nanoparticles of encapsulated Cicer arietinum amylase with alkaline protease were used with detergents (aerial, surf excel, wheel and tide) for washing of stained cloth pieces which have coffee, tea, Pomegranate and turmeric stains. These chosen strains are very Common in our daily life and are very tough upon drying, hence, not to be easily washed off with well-known brand detergents upon in one wash. When, mixture solution of coconut oil driven emulsified bovine serum albumin nanoparticles of encapsulated Cicer arietinum amylase along with alkaline protease were used with chosen detergents powder for washing of different stained cloth pieces (coffee, tea, pomegranate and turmeric) leads to fast vanishing of these dry tough strains from cloth pieces with absolute clear visible results as compared to washing of stained cloths with detergents

Bovine serum albumin

Coconut oil

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SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS OF HEDYCHIUM CORONARIUM J. KOENIG IN NATURE GROWN AND IN VITRO REGENERATED PLANTS BY GC-MS ANALYSIS

Manju Verma Y. K. Bansal Yogendra Kumar Ld Jo

About 80% of the World’s population depends on the traditional medicines for various ailments. The yield of steam distillation of Hedychium coronarium essential oils and its physicochemical constants were determined. The GC-MS analysis of nature grown and in vitro grown plant samples were carried out using GC-MS-QP 2010 Plus model with methanol as solvent. Several oil components were identified based upon comparison of their mass spectral data with those of reference compounds published in literature or stored in a computer library. The oil was found to contain monoterpenes, sesqueterpenes and diterpenes. The major components of the oil were 2-methoxy-4vinylphenol (15.86%), .beta.-d-glucopyranoside, methyl (53.06%), hexadecanoic acid (7.11%), stigmast-5-en-3-ol, (3.beta.)- (12.71%), 2hydroxy-gamma-butyrolactone (9.42%), 2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-6ol, 1,3,3-trimethyl- (2.91%).

Steam distillation

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