Abstract We discuss the Bayes estimation of the power hazard function h(x) = axk , a, k > 0 , x ≥ 0 , which is a two-parameter distribution that contains exponential and generalized Rayleigh distributions as special cases. The Bayes estimation approach is introduced and performed under three situations: estimate a when k is known; estimate k when a is known and estimate both a and k . We performed the study based on a complete data set and based on type II censored samples.
This dataset contains the digitized treatments in Plazi based on the original journal article Ai, Min, Zhong, Qiuyi, Scheidegger, Christoph, Wang, Lisong, Wang, Xinyu (2022): Revision of Dimelaena Norman (Caliciaceae, Ascomycota) species containing usnic acid reveals a new species and a new combination from China. Phytotaxa 574 (4): 259-272, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.4.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.574.4.1
Lung cancer always ranks first in the number of cancer deaths every year, accounting for 18.4% of total cancer deaths in 2018. Metastasis is the main cause of death in lung cancer patients. The identification of bioactive components of traditional Chinese medicine is very important for the development of novel reagents against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Rosthorin A has originated from Rabdosia rosthornii (Diels) Hara which excerpts from ‘Chinese materia medica’, and is known to have ‘clear heat phlegm’ properties in the folk. Little is known about the biological functions and mechanisms of Rosthorin A in cancer cells at present. The role of EMT in metastasis of a tumor cell is self-evident. Slug is an important EMT inducer, which is related to the development of lung cancer. Cell growth, clone assay, cell migration, cell invasion, and protein expression, and NSCLC transplanted tumor growth were performed in A549, H1299, and H1975 cells. Rosthorin A significantly inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells, it could prolong the survival of nude mice. Rosthorin A inhibited the migration and invasion of A549, H1299, and H1975 cells. Rosthorin A up-regulated E-cadherin expression level and down-regulated the expression of β-catenin, N-cadherin, vimentin, Slug, and Twist. Rosthorin A could promote the expression of E-cadherin and inhibit the development of EMT by downregulating Slug, to inhibit the development and metastasis of NSCLC cells. In summary, Rosthorin A could be used as a promising candidate for the treatment of NSCLC patients with recurrence and metastasis.
Background:This study sought to appraise the association between raised body mass index (BMI) and the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC) by performing a meta-analysis of 14 cohort studies. Materials/Methods:Eligible cohort studies were selected by searching PubMed and EMBASE from their inception to May 26, 2016, and the reference lists of retrieved articles were also consulted.The information was screened by two authors separately.We used a fixed-effects model to calculate the overall pooled risk estimates.A random-effects model was used to identify heterogeneity. Results:The meta-analysis incorporated 14 cohort studies.Nine papers were deemed to be of high quality based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).Compared with normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9kg/m 2 ), the overall pooled relative risks (RR) of GBC was 1.45 (95% CI 1.30-1.61)for excess body weight individuals (BMI ³25 kg/m 2 ); 1.10 (95% CI 1.02-1.18)for overweight persons (BMI 25-29.9kg/m 2 ) and 1.69(95% CI 1.54-1.86)for obese folks (BMI ³30 kg/m 2 ).A higher risk of GBC was presented in obese women (women: RR 1.78, 95% CI 1.59-1.99;men: RR 1.50, 95% CI 1.25-1.79).And a positive relationship between overweight and GBC risk was also displayed in female (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.11-1.40),but not in male (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.93-1.11).The sensitivity analysis indicated stable results, and no publication bias was observed. Conclusions:This meta-analysis of 14 cohort studies demonstrated that raised BMI has a dramatic association with risk of GBC, especially in women.But, no association between overweight and GBC in men was found.
The human body is an organic whole,the eyes coordinate each other with the collateral channels of internal organs on the physiology,influences each other on pathology when facing the case.We should proceed from the reality,observe and analyse in an all-round way,know and deal all diseases from setting out wholy.
Dimelaena tibetica is described as a species new to science, characterized by a grayish yellow surface, usually with a covering of white pruina, a crustose thallus, areolate at center, radiate-plicate at margin, adnate apothecia and lacking gyrophoric acid. It differs from other usnic acid-containing Dimelaena species by its plane marginal lobes and adnate apothecia. Based on the study of fresh specimens from the environment of the type locality, Dimelaena altissima is proposed as a new combination. A fresh specimen of Dimelaena oreina (type species of the genus Dimelaena) was collected in the Swiss Alps, in the vicinity of the area where the type material of the species presumably was collected, and a sequence was generated to confirm the phylogenetic position of this genus. All three species share common characters: usnic acid content and a yellowish green upper surface. Descriptions of these species were based on a combination of morphological and phylogenetic analyses. A key and phylogram are provided for these three Dimelaena species which produce usnic acid.
Melanoma's high metastatic potential, especially to the brain, poses significant challenges to patient survival. The blood‒brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle to the effective treatment of melanoma brain metastases. We screened antipsychotic drugs capable of crossing the BBB and identified penfluridol (PF) as the most active candidate. PF reduced melanoma cell viability and induced apoptosis. In animal models, PF effectively inhibited melanoma growth and metastasis to the lung and brain. Using immunoprecipitation combined with high-resolution mass spectrometry, and other techniques such as drug affinity responsive target stability, we identified CIP2A as a direct binding protein of PF. CIP2A is highly expressed in melanoma and its metastases, and is linked to poor prognosis. PF can restore Protein Phosphatase 2A activity by promoting CIP2A degradation, thereby inhibiting several key oncogenic pathways, including AKT and c-Myc. Additionally, von Hippel‒Lindau (VHL) is the endogenous E3 ligase for CIP2A, and PF enhances the interaction between VHL and CIP2A, promoting the ubiquitin‒proteasome degradation of CIP2A, thereby inhibiting melanoma growth and metastasis. Overall, this study not only suggests PF's potential in treating melanoma and its brain metastases but also highlights CIP2A degradation as a therapeutic strategy for melanoma.
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