With the concept of sustainable development being put forward, people pay more attention to green ecology and emphasize green development. The construction field is no exception. Therefore, the discussion on building construction under the guidance of green concept has become a hot topic in the society. As a special project in construction, bridge construction should also implement the green concept. This work mainly studied the implementation and penetration of the green concept in bridge construction, and analyzed the main green construction techniques based on making clear the significance of bridge green construction. In this way, the objectives of implementing the green concept in bridge construction will be really achieved. It is also hoped that this work will provide some guidance and reference for the exploration of green construction in other fields of architecture.
To observe the level of immune responses and protective immunity in mice induced by laser-irradiated Toxoplasma tachyzoites (LIT).ICR mice were immunized with LIT. After one month, the mice were challenged with live Toxoplasma tachyzoites to observe the effect of LIT. Indirect immunofluorescence assay and ELISA were used to detect CD4+/CD8+ lymphocyte subpopulation and IgG antibody.Immunization with LIT could partially protect the mice from Toxoplasma infection, prolong the survival time, enhance the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and produce specific IgG antibody.Intraperitoneal injection with LIT can induce partial protective immunity and specifically elicit ICR mice to generate humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
Berries are a rich source of natural antioxidant compounds, which are essential to profile, as they add to their nutritional value. However, the complexity of the matrix and the structural diversity of these compounds pose challenges in extraction and chromatographic separation. By relying on multivariate curve resolution alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) ability to extract components from complex spectral mixtures, our study evaluates the contributions of various extraction techniques to interference, extractability, and quantifying different groups of overlapping compounds using liquid chromatography diode array detection (LC-DAD) data. Additionally, the combination of these methods extends its applicability to evaluate polyphenol degradation in stored berry smoothies, where evolving factor analysis (EFA) is also used to elucidate degradation products. Results indicate that among the extraction techniques, ultrasonication-assisted extraction employing 1% formic acid in methanol demonstrated superior extractability and selectivity for the different phenolic compound groups, compared with both pressurized liquid extraction and centrifugation of the fresh berry smoothie. Employing MCR-ALS on the LC-DAD data enabled reliable estimation of total amounts of compound classes with high spectral overlaps. Degradation studies revealed significant temperature-dependent effects on anthocyanins, with at least 50% degradation after 7 months of storage at room temperature, while refrigeration and freezing maintained fair stability for at least 12 months. The EFA model estimated phenolic derivatives as the main possible degradation products. These findings enhance the reliability of quantifying polyphenolic compounds and understanding their stability during the storage of berry products.
To investigate the characteristic of nasopharyngeal microbiota at different states of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection.Participants from a chest hospital and divided into three groups: the active tuberculosis (ATB) group, the latent TB infection (LTBI) group and the healthy control (HC) group. Nasopharyngeal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Eleven ATB patients, 19 LTBI individuals and 18 healthy controls were included. After MTB infection, microbial composition changed greatly, but the difference of microbial diversity was not significant. Compared with LTBI group, Proteobacteria (P = 0.04) and Gammaproteobacteria (P = 0.01) increased in the ATB group. Compared with the HC group, Pseudomonadales (P = 0.03) and Moraxellaceae (P = 0.04) increased, while Bacillales (P = 0.04) and Lachnospiraceae (P = 0.03) decreased in ATB group. Furthermore, Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium were 70~80% in HC and LTBI groups, while less than 40% in ATB group. In addition, relative abundance of Corynebacterium, Corynebacteriaceae and Mycobacteriales was positively correlated with serum adenosine deaminase and negatively correlated with albumin, hemoglobin, and platelet counts in ATB patients.The composition of nasopharyngeal microbiota changed after MTB infection. The correlation between Mycobacteriales and clinical laboratory indicators suggests interaction between nasopharyngeal microbiota and TB.
Severe COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 should closely be cared because of the relatively high mortality rate. If SARS-CoV-2 could be cleared as soon as possible, the mortality rate might lower. In the present study, we analyzed factors which might be related to the clearance of SARS-CoV-2. One hundred and twenty-eight severe COVID-19 cases were enrolled. All of them had been isolated and treated at Shenzhen Third People's Hospital because they were positive for nucleic acid of SARS-CoV-2 tested by qRT-PCR. Their baseline clinical characteristics and antiviral regimens were collected and analyzed, respectively. Of the 128 enrolled severe COVID-19 cases, unfortunately 3 died. The mean viral duration of all patients was 23.5 (range 17-32) days. All patients achieved viral clearance during 9 weeks. 13.4% of patients achieved viral clearance within 2 weeks, and 63.0% of patients achieved viral clearance within 4 weeks. The combined regimens of three or more antiviral drugs, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, and late admission might be related to the delay of viral clearance within 2 weeks. The use of arbidol, the use of invasive mechanical ventilation, and late admission might be related to the delay of viral clearance within 4 weeks. Patients often had a prolonged course of COVID-19 and hospitalization, and were more likely transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment, if they could not clear SARS-CoV-2 during 23 days. Severe COVID-19 cases should be admitted to hospital as soon as possible. The combined regimens of three or more antiviral drugs might not be useful for viral clearance, and should be performed carefully and cautiously.
To evaluate the diagnostic value of real-time fluorescent RNA isothermal amplification detection technology (simultaneous amplification and testing, SAT), Mycobacterium nucleic acid detection (PCR-fluorescence probe)method (TB-NTM-PCR) and Xpert MTB/RIF detection in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.A total of 378 sputum specimens from pulmonary tuberculosis patients were collected between April to July 2014 in Xi'an Thoracic Tumor and Tuberculosis Hospital. The specimens were detected by 5 methods at the same time including acid-fast stain, SAT method, TB-NTM-PCR method, TB 960 rapid liquid culture and Xpert MTB/RIF. The sensitivity and specificity of SAT method, TB-NTM-PCR method and Xpert MTB/RIF were calculated according to the results of TB 960 rapid liquid culture and staining. The difference among all the 3 methods was analyzed by Chi-squared test.The positive rate of SAT-TB,TB-NTM-PCR and Xpert MTB/RIF were 37.6% (142/378), 37.8% (143/378) and 53.4% (202/378), respectively. In specimens both positive for acid-fast stain and culture, the positive rate of SAT method was 84.6% (77/91), that of TB-NTM-PCR was 91.2% (83/91), and that of Xpert MTB/RIF was 96.7% (88/91), the difference being significant (P=0.018 2). In specimens negative for acid-fast stain but positive for culture, the positive rate of SAT method was 61.9% (60 /97), that of TB-NTM-PCR was 44.3% (43/97), and that of Xpert MTB/RIF was 80.4% (78/97), the difference being significant (P<0.000 1). In specimens both negative for acid-fast stain and culture, the positive rate of SAT method was 1.6% (3/185), that of TB-NTM-PCR was 6.5% (12/185), and that of Xpert MTB/RIF was 16.8% (31/185), the difference being significant (P=0.018). In specimens positive for acid-fast stain but negative for culture, the number of positive samples of SAT,TB-NTM-PCR and Xpert MTB/RIF were 3 (3/5), 5 (5/5),and 5 (5/5), respectively. With the result of TB 960 rapid liquid culture and staining as the reference, Xpert MTB/RIF showed the highest sensitivity of 87.6% (163/186), the minimum rate of missed diagnosis of 12.4% (24/193), and the highest negative predictive value of 88.5% (185/209); SAT-TB showed the highest specificity of 98.2% (214/218), the minimum rate of misdiagnosis of 1.8%(4/218), the highest positive predictive value of 97.2% (138/142). With the result of TB 960 rapid liquid culture as the reference, the sensitivity and the specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF were 95.52% (128/134) and 95.24% (20/21). The accordance rate of Xpert MTB/RIF and TB 960 rapid liquid culture was 95.48%(148/155).The 3 molecular detection methods showed good results for the auxiliary diagnosis of tuberculosis. Xpert MTB/RIF had the best performance both in smear positive and negative specimens and it can detect rifampicin related rpoB gene mutations at the same time.
To investigate the association of red cell distribution width (RDW) with prognosis in patients with sepsis.Patients with sepsis admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the First Hospital of Soochow University from January 2011 to December 2016 were enrolled. All clinical data were collected for participants, which mainly included basic data, main underlying disease, site of infection, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II(APACHE II) score, blood routine test, biochemical test, blood gas analysis, coagulation index, procalcitonin (PCT), hospitalization days, and 28-day and 90-day mortality. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether the RDW levels were higher than the time of admission or not. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was performed to analyze 28-day and 90-day cumulative survival rates in two groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was done to find the independent risk factors of death in patients with sepsis.196 septic patients were eligible to participate into this study. 150 patients (53.57%) had higher RDW levels than those at the time of admission. Compared to negative or static change of RDW group, positive change of RDW group had higher APACHE II score (20.42±6.29 vs. 16.17±6.37), more percentage of chronic kidney insufficiency (35.24% vs. 19.78%), bloodstream infection (32.38% vs. 15.38%), continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT: 32.38% vs. 16.48%), higher level of C-reactive protein [CRP (mg/L): 14.71±3.52 vs. 11.15±7.94], and higher serum creatinine [SCr (μmol/L): 128.0 (74.0, 263.5) vs. 90.0 (57.0, 145.5)], PCT [μg/L: 3.45 (2.39, 6.64) vs. 2.35 (0.56, 3.54)], and lactic acid [Lac (mmol/L): 3.40±1.72 vs. 2.70±1.61]; and had lower levels of hematocrit (Hct: 0.357±0.128 vs. 0.437±0.143), hemoglobin [Hb (g/L): 103.60±22.63 vs. 115.67±28.49], platelets [PLT (×109/L): 133.37±87.29 vs. 191.43±87.65], albumin [Alb (g/L): 28.15±5.72 vs. 35.51±5.91], total cholesterol [TC (mmol/L): 2.43±1.12 vs. 3.05±1.55], estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR (mL×min-1×1.73 m-2): 82.02±63.90 vs. 125.46±83.47], and oxygenation index [PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 229.69±60.61 vs. 264.21±74.78]; and longer time of hospitalization [days: 17.0 (12.0, 21.7) vs. 11.0 (7.0, 18.0)], higher 28-day and 90-day mortality (57.14% vs. 36.26%, 62.86% vs. 47.25%) with statistically significant differences (all P < 0.05). It was shown by Kaplan-Meier survival curve that the 28-day and 90-day cumulative survival rate in positive change of RDW group was significantly lower than that of negative or static change of RDW group (χ 12 = 8.462, χ 22 = 6.411, both P < 0.05). It was shown by multivariate Cox regression that high APACHE II score [odds ratio (OR) = 1.049, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.010-1.090, P = 0.013] and positive change of RDW (OR = 0.517, 95%CI = 0.280-0.953, P = 0.034) were the risk factors of death in patients with sepsis.The change of RDW values during hospitalization was related to the poor outcomes in patients with sepsis. The increase of RDW predicts the progress of sepsis and bad prognosis. Serial surveillance of RDW values could provide useful information for long-term prognosis in sepsis.
Objective To investigate the effects,safety,controlling of controlled hypotension induced by remifentanil during endoscopic sinus surgery.Methods Forty patients with ASA grade Ⅰ～Ⅱ undergoing selective endoscopic sinus surgery,were randomly assigned into remifentanil group(A group)and nitroglycerin group(B group).After routine inducing,controlled hypotension was induced before the main procedure of surgery.A group was given remifentanil(1μg/kg)by intravenous injection,then remifentanil(0.3～0.8μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1))was used in group A to keep mean arterial pressure between(MAP)60 and 80 mm Hg.B group was given fentanyl(0.03～0.08 μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1))and nitroglycerin(2～5 μg·kg~(-1)·min~(-1))to keep mean arterial pressure(MAP)between 60 to 80 mm Hg till the main procedure of surgery was finished.Observing MAP and HR change before controlled hypotension,during controlled hypoteusion and after stopping controlled hypotension.Observing the time of opening-eyes,remove-tracheal tube and surgical field quality.Results The two groups were comparable with regard to the surgical field rating(P＞0.05).MAP in two groups during controlled hypotension were lower than those before controlled hypotension(P＜0.05),in A group,MAP were comparable with those in B group during controlled hypotension(P＞0.05).In B group there was rellexible tachycardia during controlled hypotension.HR in A group during controlled hypotension was lower than those before controlled hypotension(P＜0.05).HR during controlled hypotension in A group was lower than those in B group(P＜0.01).The time of opening-eyes,remove-tracheal tube in A group was less than those in B group(P＜0.01).ConclusionRemifentanil cound induce and sustain controlled hypoteusion.It was safe and feasible.It was better than nitroglycerin group for controlled hypotension in endoscopic sinus surgery.
Key words:
fentanil; hypotension controlled
Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become the third most common coronavirus that causes large-scale infections worldwide. The correlations between pathogen susceptibility and blood type distribution have attracted attention decades ago. The current retrospective study aimed to examine the correlation between blood type distribution and SARS-CoV-2 infection, progression, and prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). With 265 patients from multiple medical centers and two established cohorts, we found that the blood type A population was more sensitive to SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the blood type distribution was not relevant to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute kidney injury (AKI), and mortality in COVID-19 patients. These findings are indicative of coping with the great threat since it probed the relationship between blood types and ARDS, AKI, and mortality, in addition to susceptibility in COVID-19 patients.
Objective To study the changes of subgroups of peripheral blood T lymphocytes in the patients infected with the 2009 pandemic influenza A ( H1N1 ) virus of different severity type. Method A total of 66 patients infected by H1N1 evidenced by RT-PCR admitted from September 2009 to January 2010 were divided into three groups: mild type ( B group, n = 47 ), cured patients of severe and critical severe type ( C group, n = 14) and died patients ( D group, n =5), according to the severity and prognosis. A total of 20 healthy volunteers served as control group( A group). Peripheral blood lymphocyte count, CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count were detected by flow cytometry at the different time points. Fever duration and H1N1 virus negative time were compared. Statistical analysis were performed by using SAS version 9.13 software and the data were processed with ANOVA and SNK test. Results Lymphocyte count, CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte count declined in the early period in all the groups, and there were significant differences compared with A group (P＜0. 05), while rised with the clinical progression in group B and C,and those of C group were lower than B group ( P ＜ 0.05 ), but those of D group were always low. Fever duration and H1N1 virus negative time were (4.4 ± 1.6) days vs. (4.4 ± 1. 4) days, ( 12.9 ± 3. 1 ) days vs.( 10.2 ± 2.6) days and ( 15.2 ± 7.3 ) days vs. ( 13.3 ± 2.9 ) days respectively, and there were significant differences among the three groups ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions The cellular immune function was seriously damaged when patients were infected with H1N1. Further more, the changes of lymphocyte count, CD3+ , CD4+and CD8+ T lymphocyte count were tightly related with the degree of severity and prognosis. These findings can be used for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Key words:
H1N1 Virus; Lymphocyte; T lymphocyte subsets; CD4+ T lymphocyte; CD8+ T lymphocyte; Flow cytometry; RT-PCR
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