Cinthia Avila Ardaya

Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales

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Roxana Loayza Mafayle

Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales

Jimmy Revollo Guzmán

Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales

Joel M. Montgomery

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Yelin Roca Sanchez

Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales

Shannon Whitmer

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Jason H. Malenfant

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Laurence Thirion

Aix-Marseille Université

Nelly Mendoza Loayza

Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales

Gabriela Añez Aguilera

Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales

Adolfo Valdivia‐Cayoja

Hospital de Clínicas

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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases

Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales

The Centers

Yale University

Inserm

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique

Aix-Marseille Université

Méditerranée Infection Foundation

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Chapare Hemorrhagic Fever and Virus Detection in Rodents in Bolivia in 2019

New England Journal of Medicine (2022)

Roxana Loayza Mafayle Maria Morales-Betoulle Carla Romero Caitlin M. Cossaboom Shannon Whitmer

In June 2019, the Bolivian Ministry of Health reported a cluster of cases of hemorrhagic fever that started in the municipality of Caranavi and expanded to La Paz. The cause of these cases was unknown.We obtained samples for next-generation sequencing and virus isolation. Human and rodent specimens were tested by means of virus-specific real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction assays, next-generation sequencing, and virus isolation.Nine cases of hemorrhagic fever were identified; four of the patients with this illness died. The etiologic agent was identified as Mammarenavirus Chapare mammarenavirus, or Chapare virus (CHAPV), which causes Chapare hemorrhagic fever (CHHF). Probable nosocomial transmission among health care workers was identified. Some patients with CHHF had neurologic manifestations, and those who survived had a prolonged recovery period. CHAPV RNA was detected in a variety of human body fluids (including blood; urine; nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and bronchoalveolar-lavage fluid; conjunctiva; and semen) and in specimens obtained from captured small-eared pygmy rice rats (Oligoryzomys microtis). In survivors of CHHF, viral RNA was detected up to 170 days after symptom onset; CHAPV was isolated from a semen sample obtained 86 days after symptom onset.M. Chapare mammarenavirus was identified as the etiologic agent of CHHF. Both spillover from a zoonotic reservoir and possible person-to-person transmission were identified. This virus was detected in a rodent species, O. microtis. (Funded by the Bolivian Ministry of Health and others.).

Christian ministry

10.1056/nejmoa2110339

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Viral aetiology influenza like illnesses in Santa Cruz, Bolivia (2010–2012)

Virology Journal (2014)

Julie Delangue Yelin Roca Sanchez Géraldine Piorkowski Maël Bessaud Cécile Baronti

Acute respiratory infections represent a serious public health issue worldwide but virological aetiologies of Influenza Like Illnesses (ILIs) remain largely unknown in developing countries. This study represents the first attempt to characterise viral aetiologies of ILIs in Bolivia. It was performed in Santa Cruz city from January 2010 to September 2012, based on 564 naso-pharyngeal swabs collected in a National Reference Laboratory and real-time PCR techniques, viral cultures and phylogenetic analyses. 50.2% of samples were positive for at least one virus with influenza viruses (Flu A: ~15%; Flu B: ~9%), rhinoviruses (~8%), coronaviruses (~5%) and hRSV (~4%) being the most frequently identified. The pattern of viral infections varied according to age groups. The elucidation rate was the highest (>60%) amongst patients under 10 yo and the lowest (<40%) amongst patients ≥60 yo. Nearly 3% of samples showed dual viral infections. Epidemiological peaks were associated with a predominant virus but generally included 30-50% of infections by different viruses. Unexpectedly, the frequency of influenza in the 0–4 yo population was very low and a complete hRSV eclipse occurred in 2011. Genetic analyses indicated that distinct evolutionary lineages of Flu A(H1N1)pdm2009, Flu A/H3N2 and Flu B have co-circulated in Bolivia in the study period, originating from Central and North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Our results emphasise the requirement for a reinforced epidemiological and genetic follow-up of influenza and other ILIs in Bolivia to further inform the preparation of vaccines used in the region, guide vaccination campaigns and improve the medical management of patients.

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Influenza-like illness

10.1186/1743-422x-11-35

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Citations (11)