Kamil M. Szafrański

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

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Sébastien Duperron

Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes

Sylvie M. Gaudron

Sorbonne Université

Nelly Léger

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Bruce Shillito

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Magali Zbinden

Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques

Julia Machon

Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques

Juliette Ravaux

Sorbonne Université

Marina R. Cunha

University of Aveiro

Alison Gallet

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Clara F. Rodrigues

University of British Columbia

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Sorbonne Université

Biologie des Organismes et Écosystèmes Aquatiques

Institut de Recherche pour le Développement

Université Paris Cité

Ifremer

Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité

University of Aveiro

Sorbonne Paris Cité

Université de Lille

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Diversity of symbioses between chemosynthetic bacteria and metazoans at the Guiness cold seep site (Gulf of Guinea, West Africa)

MicrobiologyOpen (2012)

Sébastien Duperron Clara F. Rodrigues Nelly Léger Kamil M. Szafrański Carole Decker

Abstract Fauna from deep‐sea cold seeps worldwide is dominated by chemosymbiotic metazoans. Recently, investigation of new sites in the G ulf of G uinea yielded numerous new species for which symbiosis was strongly suspected. In this study, symbioses are characterized in five seep‐specialist metazoans recently collected from the G uiness site located at ∼600 m depth. Four bivalve and one annelid species belonging to families previously documented to harbor chemosynthetic bacteria were investigated using bacterial marker gene sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and stable isotope analyses. Results support that all five species display chemosynthetic, sulfur‐oxidizing γ‐proteobacteria. Bacteria are abundant in the gills of bivalves, and in the trophosome of the siboglinid annelid. As observed for their relatives occurring at deeper sites, chemoautotrophy is a major source of carbon for animal nutrition. Although symbionts found in each host species are related to symbionts found in other metazoans from the same families, several incongruencies are observed among phylogenetic trees obtained from the different bacterial genes, suggesting a certain level of heterogeneity in symbiont strains present. Results provide new insights into the diversity, biogeography, and role of symbiotic bacteria in metazoans from the G ulf of G uinea, at a site located at an intermediate depth between the continental shelf and the deep sea.

Chemosynthesis

Cold seep

Annelid

Symbiotic bacteria

Commensalism

10.1002/mbo3.47

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Citations (25)

Relative abundances of methane- and sulfur-oxidizing symbionts in gills of the deep-sea hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus under pressure

Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers (2015)

Kamil M. Szafrański Bérénice Piquet Bruce Shillito François H. Lallier Sébastien Duperron

Hydrostatic pressure

Chemosynthesis

10.1016/j.dsr.2015.03.003

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Citations (26)

Application of scientific criteria for identifying hydrothermal ecosystems in need of protection

Marine Policy (2021)

Sabine Gollner Ana Colaço Andrey Gebruk Patrick N. Halpin Nicholas D. Higgs

Deep-sea hydrothermal vent fields are globally rare (abundant in numbers, but extremely small in area) and are rich in extraordinary life based on chemosynthesis rather than photosynthesis. Vent fields are also sources of polymetallic sulfides rich in copper and other metals. Mineral resources of the international seabed beyond national jurisdictions (referred to as the "Area") are administered by the International Seabed Authority (ISA), which has the mandate to organize and control mineral resource-related activities and to ensure effective protection of the marine environment from harmful effects which may arise from such activities. To date, the ISA has approved 3 contracts for mineral exploration on the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (nMAR) and is developing a Regional Environmental Management Plan (REMPs) for polymetallic sulfide resources in the Area of northern MAR, including the application of area-based management tools to address the potential impacts of mining activities. Several intergovernmental organizations have developed suites of criteria to identify vulnerable, sensitive, and ecologically or biologically significant ecosystems in need of protection. In this case study, we combine criteria developed by FAO for VMEs (Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems), by CBD for EBSAs (Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas), and by IMO for PSSAs (Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas) to assess whether the 11 confirmed vent fields on the nMAR may meet these criteria. Our assessment indicates that all vent fields meet multiple criteria for vulnerability, sensitivity, and ecological or biological significance, and 10 of 11 vent fields meet all criteria for ecosystems in need of protection.

Chemosynthesis

Marine conservation

Marine ecosystem

Marine protected area

Vulnerability

10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104641

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Citations (24)

Blow Your Nose, Shrimp! Unexpectedly Dense Bacterial Communities Occur on the Antennae and Antennules of Hydrothermal Vent Shrimp

Frontiers in Marine Science (2018)

Magali Zbinden Alison Gallet Kamil M. Szafrański Julia Machon Juliette Ravaux

In crustaceans, as in other animals, perception of environmental cues is of key importance for a wide range of interactions with the environment and congeners. Chemoreception involves mainly the antennae and antennules, which carry sensilla that detect water-borne chemicals. The functional importance of these as exchange surfaces in the shrimp's sensory perception requires them to remain free of any microorganism and deposit that could impair the fixation of odorant molecules on sensory neurons. We report here the occurrence of an unexpected dense bacterial colonization on surface of the antennae and antennules of four hydrothermal vent shrimp species. Microscopic observation, qPCR and 16S rRNA barcoding reveal the abundance, diversity and taxonomic composition of these bacterial communities, that are compared with those found on a related coastal shrimp. Bacterial abundances vary among species. Bacteria are almost absent in coastal shrimp, meanwhile they fully cover the antennal flagella in some hydrothermal vent species. Epsilon- and Gammaproteobacteria dominate the hydrothermal shrimp-associated communities, whereas Alphaproteobacteria and Bacteroidetes are dominant in the coastal ones. Bacteria associated with vent shrimp species are most similar to known chemoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizers. Potential roles of these bacteria on the hydrothermal shrimp antennae and antennules and on sensory functions are discussed.

Alphaproteobacteria

Penaeidae

10.3389/fmars.2018.00357

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Citations (9)

Assessment of the physiological responses to drought in different sugar beet genotypes in connection with their genetic distance

Journal of Plant Physiology (2014)

D. Chołuj Anita Wiśniewska Kamil M. Szafrański Justyna Cebula Dariusz Gozdowski

10.1016/j.jplph.2014.04.016

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Citations (50)

Direct evidence for maternal inheritance of bacterial symbionts in small deep-sea clams (Bivalvia: Vesicomyidae)

The Science of Nature (2014)

Kamil M. Szafrański Sylvie M. Gaudron Sébastien Duperron

Symbiotic bacteria

10.1007/s00114-014-1165-3

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Citations (14)

Blow your nose, shrimp! Unexpectedly dense bacterial communities occur on the antennae and antennules of hydrothermal vent shrimp.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (2018)

Magali Zbinden Alison Gallet Kamil M. Szafrański Julia Machon Juliette Ravaux

Botnet

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Cycles de vie des symbiontes chez les bivalves des environnements à base chimiosynthétique de l'océan profond

Kamil M. Szafrański

De nombreuses bacteries entrent en symbiose avec les metazoaires colonisant les habitats a base chimiosynthetique dans l'ocean profond. Les hotes auxquels elles apportent le carbone organique deviennent ainsi dependants des bacteries sulfo-oxydantes et/ou methanotrophes. Pour assurer la continuite de ces associations et la colonisation de nouveaux sites, des strategies diverses de dispersion ont ete developpees par les animaux. Deux types de transmission des bacteries symbiotiques existent : la transmission verticale ou elles sont transmises via les gametes, et la transmission horizontale ou elles sont acquises a partir de l?environnement, depuis des populations de bacteries libres ou relarguees par d'autres hotes. Cette these vise a repondre a des questions concernant les cycles de vie des symbiontes. La diversite et la distribution des formes libres de symbiontes et des bacteries apparentees dans plusieurs habitats reduits ont ete etudiees par l?analyse des sequences de l'ARNr 16S des bacteries colonisant des substrats organiques deployes dans l'Atlantique et la Mediterranee. La transmission maternelle des symbiontes chez le bivalve vesicomyide Isorropodon bigoti du golfe de Guinee a ete confirmee par l'observation et l'identification des symbiontes dans les ovocytes et dans les stades post-larvaires. Enfin, l'effet des stress chimique, thermique et de la remontee sur la dynamique des populations de symbiontes sulfo-oxydants et methanotrophes chez la moule Bathymodiolus azoricus a ete analyse par les techniques de FISH 3D et de pyrosequencage. Cette these a permis de mieux comprendre des cycles de vie des bacteries symbiotiques dans et en dehors de leur hotes animaux.

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Estimating Symbiont Abundances and Gill Surface Areas in Specimens of the Hydrothermal Vent Mussel Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis Maintained in Pressure Vessels

Frontiers in Marine Science (2016)

Sébastien Duperron Adrien Quilès Kamil M. Szafrański Nelly Léger Bruce Shillito

The hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus puteoserpentis hosts gill-associated sulfur- and methane-oxidizing bacteria which sustain host nutrition and allow it to reach high densities at various sites along the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Previous studies have demonstrated that in similar dual symbioses, relative abundances of each bacterial type could change following variations in symbiont substrate availabilities. In this study, pressurized recovery and incubations in pressure vessels were used to test whether B. puteoserpentis symbionts displayed similar behavior in the presence of symbiont substrates. The relative abundances of both types of symbionts were analyzed using fluorescence in situ hybridization and group-specific gene copy numbers were assessed using qPCR. Specimens sampled using isobaric and non-isobaric recovery contained similar relative proportions (in surface coverage) of sulfur- and methane-oxidizing bacteria indicating that recovery type did not have impact on measured relative areas. Similarly, pressurized incubations with different substrates did lead to significant differences in the relative surface coverage of the two types of bacteria, although slight variations were measured with qPCR, suggesting changes in relative abundances of gene copy numbers but not in relative areas covered. Total gill surface areas and total bacterial numbers in specimens were estimated for the first time. Symbiont bearing-mussels display exchange surfaces about 20-fold higher than those found in similar-sized coastal mussels, and mean bacterial numbers of 2.5*1012 per specimen were estimated. This emphasizes that symbiotic mussels are a major reservoir of bacteria in vent ecosystems.

Chemosynthesis

10.3389/fmars.2016.00016

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Citations (32)

InterRidge Global Database of Active Submarine Hydrothermal Vent Fields Version 3.4

Stace E. Beaulieu Kamil M. Szafrański

10.1594/pangaea.917894

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Citations (64)