With the recent trend of cultural urban regeneration gaining importance worldwide, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism implemented a cultural regeneration project in which abandoned industrial facilities are transformed into complex cultural spaces. How ever, most cultural spaces only meet the minimum legal requirements, and the users are not provided with sufficient opportunities to use the space. Therefore, universal design that considers everyone is required. For this purpose, this study analyzes the characteristics of Universal Design in complex cultural spaces, which are representative regenerative spaces available to all and provides basic data for space planning. The research was investigated to derive universal design evaluation items by analyzing precedent research. Further, conclusions are drawn on the basis of the analysis of the cases of six urban regenerated complex cultural spaces through field studies. This study analyzes the characteristics of Universal Design in complex cultural spaces in urban regeneration projects based on the characteristics of safety, amenity, information, accessibility, acceptability, usability. The results of the Universal Design characteristics evaluation reveal that the usability to be high, whereas the acceptability is low. In addition, the effective width and activity space of the evaluation items show good results, whereas braille marking, guidance marking, and dotted blocks are insufficient. Specific spatial composition guidelines reflecting the characteristics of urban regeneration are needed in the future.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of feeding high gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-containing black sticky rice giant embryo (BSRGE, Oryza sativa L.) on anxiety-related behavior of C57BL/6 mice. Experimental feedstuff (BSRGE with high GABA+AIN-76A) and control (AIN-76A) were provided to C57BL/6 mouse for 10 days. Antianxiety effects of BSRGE with high GABA were measured using an elevated plus maze. On day 8, the number of open arm entries by GABA and control groups were 1.10 ± 1.60 (mean ± SD) and 0.00 ± 0.00 (P = .030). On day 10, the number of open arm entries by the GABA group was 2.00 ± 1.89, which was significantly (P = .025) higher than that in the control group (0.40 ± 0.84). On day 8, the time the mice spent in open arm in the GABA group and control group was 3.60 ± 7.06 and 0.00 ± 0.00 sec (P = .068), respectively. On day 10, the time the mice in the GABA and control groups spent in open arm was 6.20 ± 5.35 sec and 1.80 ± 3.82 sec (P = .042), respectively. In repeated analysis of variance for the number of entries into open arm and time spent in open arm, significant differences were found between the two groups. Therefore, BSRGE with high GABA content might have an antianxiety effect. This study can serve as a preliminary study so that further antianxiety effects of BSRGE can be determined in more extended animal or clinical research studies in the future.
Background: It has been shown that alcohol use disorders are common within a particular family. The risk of alcohol use disorders is known to be three to five times higher for a parent than non-parent alcohol. For this reason, many studies to date have examined the family history of alcohol use problems among adolescents or early adults with drinking problems. However, most studies examined only the existence of alcohol family history, and there were no reports of familial density among alcoholics patients. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the familial density of people with alcohol abuse problems and to investigate the differences in the characteristics of alcohol abuse problems according to their familial density. Method: At four community centers in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do, familial density was investigated for clients using the service. There were 141 subjects in the study, 113 men and 28 women. Result: Of the people with alcohol use problems, familial density had four groups (family history negative, grandparents or siblings only, parent(s) only, parent(s) and grandparents or siblings, parent(s) and grandparents and siblings,). Familial density was significantly associated with frequency of violence, drinking related, AUDIT-K score. Conclusion: There is a difference in familial density among people with alcohol use problems. However, systematic comparison of variety of measures of family history is lacking. and further study is needed. This study investigated familial density in patients with alcohol use disorder. These results will be the evidence for another perspective on the genetic effects and its risks of alcohol use disorder patients.
최근 고독사에 대한 사례와 사회적 관심도가 증가하고 있으며, 부산지역은 전국에서 고독사 문제가 가장 심각한 지역이다. 고독사는 그 예방이 최선이기에, 그 위험요인을 파악하는 것이 중요할 것이다.BR 본 연구에서는 부산지역의 주거취약계층인 쪽방 거주 대상자 102명과 임대주택 거주 대상자 100명을 대상으로 고독사 위험요인(우울, 불안, 외부활동 부족, 대인관계 부족, 만성질환 2개 이상 보유, 자살 위험성, 자살시도경험, 문제음주) 유무와 그 정도를 조사하였다.BR 연구결과 주거취약계층의 70.8%가 고독사 위험요인 9개 중 3개 이상을 보유하고 있었다. 주거취약 계층의 42.6%가 우울한 것으로 나타났으며 불안보유비율도 35.1%로 나타났다. 또, 외부활동 부족 56.4%, 대인관계 부족(친척 및 가족) 35.1%, 대인관계 부족(친구) 57.4%, 만성질환 2개 이상 보유 41.6%, 자살위험성 38.6%, 자살시도경험 20.8%, 문제음주 34.7%를 보유하고 있었다.BR 결국, 부산지역 주거취약계층의 고독사 위험정도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 부산지역 고독사 예방을 위해서는 주거취약계층에 대한 추가적인 정책개발 및 지원이 필요하다.
Kim, Hyeon-Kyeong.2016.Impact of increasing part-time work on income inequality,Reports,Sejong, South KoreaKorea Institute for Health and Social Affairs,71
Background This study was performed to evaluate the effect and safety of a high‐gamma‐aminobutyric acid‐containing extract (GABA extract) of black sticky rice with giant embryo (BSRGE) on alcohol‐related indices after acute alcohol intake in social drinkers. Methods Subjects were randomized to the GABA extract (G) group, GABA extract and alcohol drinking (GA) group, or placebo intake and alcohol drinking (PA) group in a double‐blind design. All subjects were administered GABA extract (200 mg GABA) or placebo at 9 am on study days 2 and 3, respectively. Subjects in the GA and PA groups were administered an equivalent dose of alcohol that was diluted in a drinking beverage for a total amount of 240 ml at 11 am on day 3. Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and the Biphasic Alcohol Effects Scale were measured just before alcohol drinking, and 6 times after alcohol drinking. Results The peak and area under the curve (AUC) of the total stimulation scale score after alcohol intake in females were significantly higher in the GA than in the PA group, whereas no significant difference was found between the 2 groups in males. The peak and AUC of the total score on the sedation scale after alcohol intake in males were significantly lower in the GA than in the PA group, whereas both were significantly higher in the GA than in the PA group of females. The AUC for BAC in males was significantly lower in the GA than in the PA group, whereas no significant difference was found in females. No adverse events were reported in any of the groups including the G group. Conclusions Coadministration of a GABA extract to social drinkers while drinking alcohol is supposed to affect alcohol‐related indices in terms of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics and did not induce any adverse events.
We investigated the effect of black sticky rice with giant embryo (BSRGE) extract known to contain high levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on alcohol cravings in social drinkers. A total of 41 subjects were divided into a BSRGE extract group (G group: n = 21) and a placebo group (P group: n = 20), and a randomized placebo-controlled experiment was performed for 12 weeks. The G group took the BSRGE extracts that contained 30 mg of GABA per day. (1) In the Pennsylvania Alcohol Craving Scale, there was a tendency for time and group interaction between the two groups (P = .087) on the total score. (2) In the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale (OCDS), there was a significance for time and group interaction between the G and P groups (P = .011) on the obsessive subscale. The total score of the OCDS showed significant time and group interactions between the G and P groups (P = .011). Our results showed that the extract of BSRGE containing a high level of GABA significantly reduced alcohol cravings in Korean social drinkers.
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