This research is focused on the use of sol gel technique to synthesize amorphous SiO 2 hybrids derived from lab made CMC (made from sugarcane bagasse) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) comprising silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). The dominant absorption peak in the order of 425 nm confirms the presence of Ag-NPs hybrid group owing to the surface Plasmon resonance (SPR). Ag-NPs hybrid characterization of was performed by Ultra violet-visible spectra (UV-Vis), Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Particle size analyser (PSA), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antibacterial action of Ag-NPs in contrast to Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) (ATCC 433) and Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) (ATCC 1688) was analyzed by using the method of agar disk diffusion technique. Ag-NPs hybrids extracted from lab-made CMC confirm higher adverse bacterial action through Gram-positive bacteria as well as Gram-negative bacteria related to synthetic CMC acquired from the market.
Aims: This paper aims at exploring the purpose and frequency to use their smartphones and to see their reactions about the importance ofusing a smartphone.Method: Survey technique was applied to collect the data. A sample of 100 young aged adults and 100 middle-aged adults from Delhi andDelhi NCR region was selected to study the habit pattern of the mobile phone users.Findings: The study revealed that there is a big difference in the usage of the smartphone by young aged adults and middle-aged adults.Young aged adults use their smartphone mainly to browse over the internet, using online applications and to entertain themselves for morethan 5 hours of a day. On the other hand, middle-aged adults use their smartphone mainly to contact with the people and use watts app for2–3 hours of the day. It was found that most of the positives sides like tech-friendly, socializing, getting information from the internet, etc. andnegatives like bad effect on the health, misuse of personal information through hacking by using a smartphone is affecting young aged adultsbut middle-aged adults are less affected by smart phone’s positives and negatives also.Keywords: Information and communication technology, Middle-aged adults, Young-aged adults.Journal of Teacher Education and Research (2019). DOI: 10.36268/JTER/1414
Abstract Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common age‐related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the impairment in memory and other cognitive functions. Although there is currently no successful pharmacotherapy for AD, researchers are continuously exploring the various pathogenesis of AD to develop potential therapeutic drugs. Of the multiple hypotheses for AD, the cholinergic and amyloid‐β (Aβ) hypothesis are the main targeting hypothesis for AD. Some researchers proposed that the symptoms involved in AD (loss of memory, cognitive impairment, and amnesia) are the main event linked to the cholinergic neurotransmitter (acetylcholine). Therefore, the development of AChE inhibitors to increase the level of ACh in the synaptic cleft can improve learning and memory in AD patients. Huprine X is a synthetic ChE inhibitor developed by the hybridization of Huperzine A and the synthetic drug tacrine. This review focuses on the last 10 year's literature search on huprine and its analogues for the treatment of AD. We expect that this review can be helpful for medicinal chemists, and neuro‐chemists to provide new ideas for the development of new drugs therapy for AD.
Since donkey milk has a similar composition to human milk, it has been well demonstrated that it is an excellent alternative. The content of donkey milk (DM) changes during lactation, nevertheless, has not been thoroughly researched. The overall objective was to explore the metabolite changes in donkey colostrum and mature milk using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In both colostrum and donkey mature milk included total 36 metabolites that were identified. The metabolites were differentially regulated (p < 0.05), where 24 showed upregulation and 28 were downregulated. 24 (14 upregulated, 10 downregulated), 10 (1 upregulated, 9 downregulated), and 18 (9 upregulated, 9 downregulated) differentially expressed metabolites were identified during lactation period of Colostrum-early lactation, early lactation - mid lactation, and mid lactation-late lactation, respectively. This proved that lactation altered the content of the donkey milk. To further understand the mechanisms that changed the milk during lactation, the interactions and metabolic pathways were examined in more detail. These studies provide thorough understandings of the metabolite changes that occur during lactation period which will offer useful guidance for further creating DM products with improved bioactivities, and it will help future studies into nutritional research and the isolation of useful components.
Phenolic compounds, ubiquitous in plants, are essen tial part of human diet. Major polyphenolic compounds found in plants are flavonoids, catechins, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), flavo nones, iso-flavones, flavanols, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, stilbenes, flavonoids, chalcones, lignans etc. These compounds are secondary plant metabolites and possess antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory prop erties along with high antioxidative activity. These properties make polyp henols interesting for the treatment of various diseases like inflammation , cancer and also used for anti-ageing purposes in cosmetic formulations a s well as have nutraceutical applications. The antioxidative activ ity of phenolic compounds depends on their structure, in particular the number and position of the hydroxyl groups and the nature of s ubstitutions on the aromatic rings. Fruits, vegetables and beverages ar e the chief sources of phenolic compounds in the human diet. This review f ocused on plant polyphenols, taking into consideration aspects rela tive to their structure, botanical sources, action, bio-availability as well as their potential health benefits.
As a dairy product, yogurt delivers nourishing milk components through the beneficial microbial fermentation process, improved by bioavailability and bioaccessibility–an exclusive combined food asset. In recent decades, there has been considerable attention to yogurt product development particularly in areas like influence by antioxidant-rich fruits, different factors affecting its probiotic viability, and the functionality of inulin and probiotics. Essentially, many published reviews frequently focus on the functionalities associated with yogurt products, however, those articulating yogurt ingredients specific to associated preservation strategies, processing conditions, and analytical detection techniques are very few, to the best of our knowledge. The knowledge and understanding of preservation strategies that enhance the ingredients in yogurt products, and their function as modern drug delivery systems are essential, given the opportunities it can provide for future research. Therefore, this overview discussed how yogurt product ingredients have been enhanced, from preservation strategies, processing conditions, analytical detection methods, and therapeutic delivery standpoints. The survey methodology involved major stages, from the brainstorming of research questions, search strategy, effective utilization of databases, inclusion and exclusion criteria, etc . The innovative successes of yogurts would be enhanced via the physicochemical, nutritional and therapeutic aspects of the ingredients/products. Besides processing conditions to influence the yogurt constituents, overall acceptability, quality, and shelf-life, the analytical assays would help detect the hidden product constituents, toxins, and other storage-related changes. The therapeutic role of yogurt-a modern drug delivery system, would be demonstrated via the supplementation (of yogurt) either alone or with bioactive ingredients. The future of yogurt requires the collective action of stakeholders to formulate unique variants with different natural blends, where synthetic ingredients become completely replaced by the plant’s derivatives, which enhance the acidification rate and extend shelf life.
Objective: This paper consists of synthesis of chromium oxide (Cr2O3) nanoparticles by sol-gel technique, their characterization and investigation of antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria by measuring zone of inhibition, colony forming units and optical density on solid agar media as well as in liquid medium.Method: The Cr2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol-gel technique using TEOS as precursor. The synthesized chromium oxide nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-Visible spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The antibacterial effect of these chromium oxide nanoparticles against Klebsiella pneumoniae was investigated both on the solid agar plates and in liquid medium supplemented with different concentrations of Cr2O3 nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of chromium oxide nanoparticles was also compared with the antibacterial activities of the standard antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, penicillin G, streptomycin, sulphatriad and tetracycline which were taken in the form of hexa discs.Results: Average particle size of the Cr2O3 nanoparticles was found to be 24.0 nm. It was observed that Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to the penicillin G and ampicillin but Cr2O3 nanoparticles shows good antibacterial property. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Cr2O3 for Klebsiella pneumoniae is 2.5 mg/ml. The bacterial growth was monitored by measuring zone of Inhibition, colony formation unit (CFU) and optical density (OD) method.Conclusion: Sol-gel technique is a convenient and easy technique for the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Nanosized Cr2O3 particles showed an effective antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Therefore, chromium oxide nanoparticles due to its low manufacturing cost and high effectiveness in antimicrobial properties may find wide applications in various industries to address safety issues.
'%3e%3ccircle r='20' fill='%23008'/%3e%3ccircle r='17.5' fill='%23fff'/%3e%3ccircle r='3.5' fill='%23008'/%3e%3cg id='d'%3e%3cg id='c'%3e%3cg id='b'%3e%3cg id='a' fill='%23008'%3e%3ccircle r='.875' transform='rotate(7.5 -8.75 133.5)'/%3e%3cpath d='M0 17.5.6 7 0 2l-.6 5L0 17.5z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' transform='rotate(15)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b' transform='rotate(30)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' transform='rotate(60)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(120)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' transform='rotate(-120)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)