Hendrik Jürges

German Institute for Economic Research

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Karsten Hank

University of Cologne

Kerstin Schneider

University of Wuppertal

Axel Börsch‐Supan

National Bureau of Economic Research

Steffen Reinhold

Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy

Stefan Listl

Heidelberg University

Alexandra Schwarz

Hackensack Meridian Health

Gert G. Wagner

Max Planck Institute for Human Development

Jürgen Schupp

German Institute for Economic Research

Juliane Köberlein–Neu

University of Wuppertal

Lars Thiel

University of Wuppertal

Cooperative Institutions

National Bureau of Economic Research

IZA - Institute of Labor Economics

University of Wuppertal

German Institute for Economic Research

University College London

Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy

Institute for Fiscal Studies

Paris School of Economics

Max Planck Society

University of Mannheim

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Are different measures of self-rated health comparable? An assessment in five European countries

European Journal of Epidemiology (2008)

Hendrik Jürges Mauricio Avendaño Johan P. Mackenbach

Objective: Self-rated health (SRH) is widely used to compare population health across countries, but comparability is often hampered by the use of different versions of this item. This study compares the WHO recommended version (ranging from ‘very good’ to ‘very bad’) with the US version (ranging from ‘excellent’ to ‘poor’) in European countries. Methods: Data came from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Both the WHO and US versions of SRH were measured in representative samples of Europeans aged 50+ (n = 11,643) in five countries. Concordance between the two SRH versions and differences in their associations with demographics, chronic diseases, functioning and depression were assessed using ordered probit regression. Results: The US version has a more symmetric distribution and larger variance than the WHO version. Although the WHO version discriminates better at the positive end, the US version shows better discrimination at the positive end of the scale. Sixty-nine percent of respondents provided literally concordant answers, while only about one-third provided relatively concordant answers. Overall, however, less than 10% of respondents were discordant in either sense. The two versions were strongly correlated (polychoric correlation = 0.88), had similar associations with demographics and health indicators, and showed a similar pattern of international variation. Conclusion: Health levels based on different measurements of SRH are not directly comparable and require rescaling of items. However, both versions represent parallel assessments of the same latent health variable. We did not find evidence that the WHO version is preferable to the US version as standard measure of SRH in European countries.

Concordance

Polychoric correlation

Comparability

Self-rated health

10.1007/s10654-008-9287-6

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Citations (157)

Educational level and changes in health across Europe: longitudinal results from SHARE

Journal of European Social Policy (2009)

Mauricio Avendaño Hendrik Jürges Johan P. Mackenbach

We use cross-national, longitudinal data to explore the impact of educational level on changes in health outcomes among Europeans aged over 50. Our analyses are performed separately for Northern, Western and Southern Europe, as these regions broadly represent different welfare state regimes. We find that low education is associated with higher incident events — over a two-year period — of poor health, chronic diseases and disability, but it is less consistently associated with new events of long-standing illness. Net of behavioural risk factors, educational effects are more consistent in Western and Southern Europe than in the Nordic welfare states. In Northern Europe, lower education is associated with less financial and employment disadvantage than in Southern or Western Europe. After controlling for educational differences in these factors, effects of educational level on health deterioration remain significant for most outcomes in Western and Southern Europe, whereas they are weaker and non-significant after adjustment in Northern Europe.

Disadvantage

Western europe

Longitudinal data

Longitudinal Study

10.1177/1350506809341512

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Citations (90)

SHARE - Measuring the ageing process in Europe

ZUMA Nachrichten (2003)

Axel Börsch‐Supan Hendrik Jürges Oliver Lipps

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9. Bildungsbezogene Ungleichheit und Gesundheit

Psychosozial-Verlag eBooks (2022)

Hendrik Jürges

Das Rollenbild und Selbstverständnis junger Männer befindet sich im Wandel: Der eine Teil hängt noch einem traditionellen Bild des starken, unverletzlichen Mannes an, der nicht über seine Gesundheit reflektieren kann und muss. Der andere Teil öffnet die Rolle auch für Emotionen, Empathie, soziale Verantwortung und Selbstkritik und lässt eine sensible Wahrnehmung von und Auseinandersetzung mit gesundheitlichen Problemen zu. Dieses Selbstverständnis ist gemeinsam mit genetischen Veranlagungen im hohen Maße für die psychische Gesundheit von jungen Männern verantwortlich. Der fünfte Deutsche Männergesundheitsbericht stellt die Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen Befragung von 16–28 Jahre alten jungen Männern in Deutschland vor und liefert Informationen zu der Frage, wie es um die körperliche und psychische Gesundheit von jungen Männern im Vergleich zu der junger Frauen bestellt ist. In einem zweiten Schritt ordnen die Autor:innen die Ergebnisse der Studie aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive (Medizin, Psychologie, Soziologie etc.) ein und liefern so Wissenschaft, Politik und der interessierten Öffentlichkeit Anhaltspunkte für gezielte Unterstützung gesundheitsförderlichen Verhaltens. Mit Beiträgen von Eva Baumann, Anne Bohlender, Heidrun Bründel, Jürgen Budde, Klaus Hurrelmann, Hendrik Jürges, Gerd Lehmkuhl, Ulrike Lehmkuhl, Gunter Neubauer, Monika Pupeter, Gudrun Quenzel, Ulrich Schneekloth, Reinhard Winter und Sabine Wolfer.

10.30820/9783837978957-197

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Health, bequests, and social support in the last year of life

Hendrik Jürges

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How Comparable are Different Measures of Self-Rated Health? Evidence from Five European Countries

SSRN Electronic Journal (2007)

Hendrik Jürges Mauricio Avendaño

Self-rated health (SRH) is a common health measurement in international research. Yet different versions of this item are often applied. This study compares the US (United States) version (from excellent to poor) and the EU (European) version (from very good to very bad) of SRH, and examines differences in their associations with demographic and objective health variables. Data were drawn from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), comprising information from 11,622 respondents aged 50 years and over in five countries. Respondents were presented with both the EU and US versions. Information was collected on basic demographics and health variables including chronic diseases, symptoms, functional limitations and depression. Firstly, the distribution of each version of the SRH item was assessed, and both relative and literal concordance was examined. Subsequently, multivariate regression analysis was used to assess differences in the associations of both items with demographic and health indicators. The US version has a more symmetric distribution and smaller variance than the EU version. Although the EU version discriminates better at the negative end, the US version shows better discrimination at the negative end of the scale. 69% of respondents provided literally concordant answers, while only about one third provided relatively concordant answers. Overall, however, less than 10% of respondents were discordant in either sense. Furthermore, the two versions were strongly correlated (polychoric correlation = 0.88), had similar associations with demographics and health indicators, and showed a similar pattern of variation across countries. Health levels based on different versions of the self-rated health item are not directly comparable and require rescaling of items. However, both versions represent parallel assessments of the same latent health variable. We did not find evidence that the EU version is preferable to the US version as standard measure of SRH in European countries.

Polychoric correlation

Concordance

Demographics

Self-rated health

10.2139/ssrn.1445365

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Citations (9)

Cohort at Risk: Long-Term Consequences of Conflict for Child School Achievement

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (2017)

Hendrik Jürges Luca Stella Sameh Hallaq Alexandra Schwarz

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Early Retirement, Social Security and Well-Being in Germany

Axel Börsch‐Supan Hendrik Jürges

Germans retire early. On the one hand, early retirement is very costly and amplifies the burden which the German public pension system has to carry due to population aging. On the other hand, however, early retirement is also seen as a much appreciated social achievement which increases the well-being especially of those workers who suffer from work-related health problems.This paper investigates the relation between early retirement and well-being using the GSOEP panel data. The general picture that emerges from our analysis is that early retirement as such seems to be related to subjective well-being, in fact more so than normal retirement. Early retirement most probably is a reaction to a health shock. Individuals are less happy in the year of early retirement than in the years before and after retirement. After retirement, individuals attain their pre-retirement satisfaction levels after a relatively short while. Hence, the early retirement effect on well-being appears to be negative and short-lived rather than positive and long. Whether this is an effect of retirement itself or a psychological adaptation to an underlying shock cannot be identified in our data and remains an open research issue waiting for a more objective measurement of health.

Retirement age

Population Ageing

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Die Auswirkungen zentraler Abschlussprüfungen auf die Schulleistung – Quasi-experimentelle Befunde aus der deutschen TIMSS-Stichprobe

Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung (2003)

Felix Büchel Hendrik Jürges Kerstin Schneider

Die Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) zeigt, dass die Schulleistungen in Bundesländern mit zentralen Abschlussprüfungen deutlich besser sind als in den anderen Bundesländern. Schulabschlüsse der Sekundarstufe werden in Deutschland in Abhängigkeit vom Bundesland mit oder ohne zentrale Abschlussprüfungen vergeben. Diese im internationalen Vergleich seltene institutionelle Variation kann für die Schätzung des kausalen Effekts zentraler Abschlussprüfungen auf die Schulleistung genutzt werden. Wir stellen einen Differenzen-in-Differenzen-Schätzer vor, bei dem wir uns den quasi-experimentellen Charakter der deutschen TIMSS-Stichprobe für die Sekundarstufe I zunutze machen. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die Leistungsunterschiede zwischen den Ländern nur zum Teil auf die zentralen Abschlussprüfungen selbst zurückzuführen sind. Die Ergebnisse unserer Studie quantifizieren den positiven Effekt zentraler Prüfungen auf die Schulleistung auf mindestens ein Drittel des Äquivalents eines Schuljahres. Abstract This paper makes use of the regional variation in schooling legislation within the German secondary education system to estimate the causal effect of central exit examinations on student performance. We propose a difference-in-differences framework that exploits the quasi-experimental nature of the German TIMSS middle school sample. The estimates show that students in federal states with central exit examinations clearly outperform students in other federal states, but that only part of this difference can be attributed to central exit examinations themselves. Our results suggest that such examinations increase student achievement by about one third school year equivalent.

10.3790/vjh.72.2.238

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Citations (9)

Health Insurance Status and Physician Behavior in Germany

Journal of Contextual Economics – Schmollers Jahrbuch (2009)

Hendrik Jürges

Germany has a two-tier system of statutory and primary private health insurance. Both insurance types provide fee-for-service insurance, but chargeable fees for identical services are more than twice as large for privately insured as for statutorily insured patients. Using German SOEP 2002 data, I analyze the effect of insurance status on the insured's number of doctor visits. Conditional on health, privately insured patients are less likely to contact a physician than publicly insured but more frequently visit a doctor following a first contact. This is indirect evidence for the hypothesis that physicians over-treat privately insured patients at least relative to the statutorily insured. JEL Classification: I11

10.3790/schm.129.2.297

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Citations (33)