Introduction: Alzheimer's disease is a chronic brain disease that includes memory and language disorders. This disease, which is considered the most common cause of dementia worldwide, accounts for 60-80% of all dementia cases. Recent studies suggest that the cerebellum may play a role in cognitive functions as well as motor functions. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 40 Alzheimer's patients and 40 healthy individuals. In our study, volumetric evaluation of the cerebellum was performed. Results: As expected, significant differences were found in cerebellar volume reduction in AD patients compared to healthy controls. Significant volume increase was observed in some regions of the cerebellum in Alzheimer's patients compared to healthy individuals. Conclusion: The findings supported the role of the cerebellum in cognitive functions. Volume reductions may assist clinicians in making an early diagnosis of AD.
Background: Nasal bone aplasia and hypoplasia have been reported on fetuses with aneuploidy. Trisomy 21 is one of the most common chromosomal abnormality detected in new-borns. The purpose of our study is to obtain data of some face parameters in Turkish fetal population and to contribute creation of reference ranges that may be used for prenatal diagnosis.Methods: This study was performed in 66 spontaneously aborted fetuses (47 second trimester and 19 third trimester) (28 male and 38 female) with no detectable external pathology or anomalies. Measurements were designed as nasal bone length (NBL), nose length (NL), nose width (NW), nostril width (NsW), intraocular distance (IOD), innercanthal distance (ICD), outercanthal distance (OCD), orbital diameter (OD), biparietal diameter (BPD).Results: In comparison between genders, ICD and BPD averages were found significantly higher in male fetuses than female fetuses (P<0.05). There was not any statistically significant difference between averages of the values on the right and left. The difference between second and the third trimester was significant in terms of all parameters (P<0.05). A strong correlation was detected between gestational age and our parameters.Conclusions: Present study has contributed to create reference ranges of Turkish community. When importance of early diagnosis is considered, we believe that this data will be useful for clinicians.
Aim: It is important for surgeons to have a comprehensive knowledge of vascular anatomy when performing liver interventions. For example, liver transplantation requires a vast understanding of vascular anatomy and variations. This study aimed to evaluate the intrahepatic branching pattern of the portal vein to find out unknown variations. Methods: Multidetector computed tomography images of the abdomen region were used from the PACS archives of Selcuk University Medical Faculty Hospital. Images of 838 patients (464 females and 374 males) who had no hepatic pathologies were examined. Images were evaluated in terms of the presence of variations, and the cases were divided into groups, all of which were compared in terms of gender. Results: A previously unknown variation of the portal vein was detected in 4.9% of the patients: The left portal vein curved reversely after its origination from the main portal vein, supplying liver segments II and IV, after which it branched to supply segment III. In addition, four types of previously known variations of the portal vein were detected. Normal anatomic branching of portal vein was detected in 82.6% of the patients. Conclusion: A previously unknown variation was detected. Awareness of this variation and other known variations is significant in hepatic transplantation, surgery, and interventions.
Introduction: The temporamandibular joint with the temporal bone allows the mandibular to move, which facilitates the chewing and digestion of food. In this study, it was aimed to measure the morphometric parameters of the mandibles in the Turkish population and to evaluate the effectiveness of measurements in gender determination. Method: The study was performed on 100 individuals (50 females-50 males) who were scanned with Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) and applied to the Department of Radiology, Konya Education and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University. Individuals ranging in age from 20 to 80 were included in the study. Results: In our study, 7 different parameters of mandibula were measured and mean values were determined. We investigated whether statistically significant differences exist between men and women. Conclusion: In conclusion, we think that some values of the mandibular obtained in our study will constitute a reference range in Turkish society. We believe that these intervals will assist surgeons dealing with the jaw and face region and radiologists for diagnosis.
Background and aims: Cyclopentholate is a topical mydriatic, cycloplegic agent frequently used in ophthalmology. Other than ocular side effects, also have systemic effects as confusion, hallucination, disorientation, dysarthria, agitation, urticaria and anaphylaxis, fever, hypertension, arythmia, headache, and ataxia. Here we report a patient with syncope as a rare complication of topical cyclopentolate to remind the physicians to be aware of the systemic complications of topical cyclopentholate. Methods: Case report: A-ten-years old boy was admitted to our clinic with syncope, nausea and double vision. His past history was unremarkable. His physical examination was normal. Neurological examination revealed anisocoric pupils, with absent left pupillary light reflex. Laboratory examination including complete blood count, blood glucose, renal and liver function tests were normal. Electrocardiography, echocardiography, electroencephalogram and cranial computed tomography were also normal. In detailed history we learned that one day before admission to our clinic, patient went to an ophthalmologist because of double vision and instilled a cycloplegic eye drop (cyclopentolate hydrocholoride 1%) bilaterally. On the second day his pupils were isocoric and reactive to light. Patient and the family get informed about not using cyclopentolate hydrocholoride in future ophthalmologic examinations. Conclusions: Topical cyclopentolate might cause severe adverse systemic effects even in optimal dosages. Syncope is a very rare reported adverse systemic effect of cyclopentolate in children. For this reason it must be used cautiously and avoid recurrent administration. Physicians should be aware of the systemic complications of topical cyclopentholate.
Introduction: Knowledge of distinctness between gender and ethnical groups for face morphometry is significantly important on face reconstruction. For that reason measurements belonging to ear aroused interests of plastic surgeons. In our research, to generate a reference range for Turkish society by measuring some parameters belonging to ear and comparing them with races was aimed. Method: This research was implemented over 40 (20 males and 20 females) Turkish students and 40 African students who are between 18-25 years of age. Our study was planned in three phases as collection of data, statistical analysis and comparison analysis of results with literature. Measured parameters within the scope of study are; ear length, ear width, tragus-helix, tragus-antihelix, lobular width and lobular height. Results: Morphometric parameters belonging to both race males and female ears were compared between genders. Right and left tragus-helix and tragus-antihelix distance of Turkish male individuals were founded significantly lower than African male individuals, right and left lobular width and lobular height were founded significantly higher than African male individuals (p<0.05). Left and right ear length of Turkish female individuals, lobular width and left lobular width were founded significantly higher than African Female individuals (p<0.05). Conclusion: When literature information was considered, anatomic details belonging to external ear are used for identifying persons and genders in forensics. Accordingly we think that the information obtained are important for generating reference range between Turkish and African races, anatomy education, guiding to esthetical surgeons and usage for forensic fields.
Amac: Arterya karotis interna (AKI) tiroid kikirdagin ust kenari hizasinda, arterya karotis communis’in uc dali olarak baslar. Boyun diseksiyonu sirasinda, bolgeye ait anatomik detaylarin iyi bilinmesi, cerrahlara, bu komplikasyonlardan kacinmada, onemli olcude yardimci olacaktir. Yapmis oldugumuz calismada Turk toplumuna ait AKI’nin seyir varyasyonlarini ve gorulme sikliklarini tespit etme amaclandi. Gerec ve Yontem: Calisma multidedektor komputerize tomografi anjiografi (MDCTA) goruntuleri uzerinde gerceklestirildi. Calismaya yaslari 31 ile 86 arasinda yer alan 94 hasta (32 kadin-62 erkek) (94 sag-94 sol, toplam 188 olgu) dahil edildi. Bulgular: Calismamizda AKI’nin servikal bolgede 4 farkli seyir tipi gosterdigi tespit edildi. Tartisma: Calismamizda ortaya koydugumuz seyir varyasyonlarinin cerrahlar ve radyologlara teshis ve tedavi acisindan faydali olacagini dusunmekteyiz
