Ademola Aiyenuro

University of Cambridge

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Samuel Ogunsola

Federal University of Technology

Chijioke Obiwe Onyeani

University of Nigeria

Abdullahi Tunde Aborode

Mississippi State University

Nagayasu Egawa

University of Cambridge

Nneka Catherine Uche

John Doorbar

University of Cambridge

Wen Yin

University of Cambridge

Heather Griffin

University of Cambridge

Ke Zheng

Tsinghua–Berkeley Shenzhen Institute

Daniel Gyamfi

Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

Cooperative Institutions

Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico

ORCID

University of Milan

University of Padua

University of Verona

University of Cambridge

University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"

Ospedale Monaldi

Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital

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Elsevier eBooks (2024)

Nour Eldin Abosamak Ademola Aiyenuro Mirza H. Ali Hamdan Al‐Jahdali Sara Allievi

10.1016/b978-0-443-18703-2.09988-6

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COVID-19 in Nigeria: Involving the Actuality on the Context

SSRN Electronic Journal (2020)

Abdullahi Aborode Tunde Ademola Aiyenuro Samuel Olarewaju Emmanuel Adebowale Fajemisin

Purpose: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic has spread from China to every continents in the World. The World Health Organization listed Nigeria among other 13 African countries identified as high-risk for the spread of the virus. Since the first index case was discovered on the 27th of February, Nigeria has recorded a daily rise in her number of cases. This study therefore seeks to examine the state of the pandemic in the country, her measures and response in managing the outbreak.Methods: We determined the country's capacity to detect and respond to cases, using the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control's framework, her existing national health systems across all states in the country. Although the recorded cases may seem low, it has been forecast that Africa will have some of the worst effects of this disease by the end of the pandemic.Results: This study reveals that Nigeria's current national health systems cannot effectively respond to the growing needs of already infected patients requiring admission into intensive care units for acute respiratory diseases and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS COV-2) pneumonia. This has grim implications for Nigeria, especially as increased cases loom that may require critical care.Conclusion: On the African continent, Nigeria is just experiencing the direct effects of this pandemic, having recorded her index case in February 2020, with an increasing number of cases every day and a current case fatality ratio of 3.4% as at 17 May 2020. Provision of quarantine or isolation facilities and availability of rapid diagnostic kits for fast and reliable testing and diagnosis of the disease can also be a challenge in Africa.

2019-20 coronavirus outbreak

10.2139/ssrn.3648662

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Principles of epithelial homeostasis control during persistent human papillomavirus infection and its deregulation at the cervical transformation zone

Current Opinion in Virology (2021)

John Doorbar Ke Zheng Ademola Aiyenuro Wen Yin Caroline M Walker

Homeostasis

Neoplastic transformation

10.1016/j.coviro.2021.09.014

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Citations (27)

Knowledge on the Pathogenesis and New Diagnosing Techniques Approach for Low SARS-CoV-2 Testing Rates: A Case Study of Nigeria

European Journal of Environment and Public Health (2020)

Ohilebo Abdulateef Abass Samuel Ogunsola Abdullahi Tunde Aborode Ademola Aiyenuro

SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019) is a beta (β-) sub-class of the coronavirus which has caused more harm to live than expected. SARS-CoV-2 which was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020, has caused governments globally to declare and implement the "lock down" policy for its citizen, including Nigeria with a large population in Africa. The country National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) made it known the testing methods adopted by them are not effective at curtaining the large population of her citizens. Our main goal in this review is to focus on the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and new diagnostic techniques approaches that can be adopted in Nigeria. A total of 88,432 testing has been carried out by the NCDC, with 14,554 confirmed cases in 200 million populations. Although the SARS-CoV-2 test adopted by the NCDC has been on the molecular testing using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and antibody tests using blood, which has many demerits. We therefore recommend the NCDC should approach new diagnostic techniques like use of saliva samples and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Conclusively, when these methods are considered, testing rates will greatly improve.

Pandemic

Coronavirus

10.29333/ejeph/9145

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Applying lessons learnt from Ebola for effective COVID-19 response in Africa

African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology (2021)

Ademola Aiyenuro Chijioke Obiwe Onyeani Nneka Catherine Uche

The Ebola virus is transmitted to people from wild animals and spreads in the human population through human-to-human transmission via direct contact with blood, secretions, organs or other bodily fluids of infected people, and with surfaces and materials contaminated with these fluids. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, attracting the notice of regional authorities and rapidly drawing global attention. In less than 4 months, COVID-19 spread through almost all countries and regions. The COVID-19 pandemic is wreaking havoc on the world economy, in addition to creating the current global public health crisis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 28,616 cases of Ebola were detected, and 11,310 people died during the outbreak in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. As of 17th December 2020, COVID-19 has killed 1,658,062 people, and positive cases have topped 74 million globally. Africa has suffered several outbreaks of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD); learning from the past is a good way to prepare for the future. We hope to highlight some of the lessons learnt from Africa’s response to previous epidemics that can help in the fight against the ravaging coronavirus pandemic. Keywords: Ebola, COVID-19, WHO, transmission, global French Title: Appliquer les leçons tirées d'Ebola pour une réponse efficace au COVID-19 en Afrique Le virus Ebola est transmis aux humains par des animaux sauvages et se propage dans la population humaine par transmission interhumaine par contact direct avec du sang, des sécrétions, des organes ou d'autres fluides corporels de personnes infectées, et avec des surfaces et des matériaux contaminés par ces fluides. En décembre 2019, une nouvelle maladie à coronavirus (COVID-19) causée par le syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère-coronavirus-2 (SRAS-COV-2) est apparue à Wuhan, en Chine, attirant l'attention des autoritésrégionales et attirant rapidement l'attention mondiale. En moins de 4 mois, le COVID-19 s'est propagé dans presque tous les pays et régions. La pandémie de COVID-19 fait des ravages sur l'économie mondiale, en plus de créer la crise mondiale actuelle de santé publique. Selon l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS), 28616 cas d'Ebola ont été détectés et 11310 personnes sont décédées au cours de l'épidémie en Guinée, au Libéria et en Sierra Leone. Au 17 décembre 2020, le COVID-19 avait tué 1658062 personnes et les cas positifs dépassaient 74 million dans le monde. L'Afrique a souffert de plusieurs flambées de maladie à virus Ebola (MVE); apprendre du passé est un bon moyen de préparer l'avenir. Nous espérons mettre en évidence certaines des leçons tirées de la réponse de l’Afrique aux épidémies précédentes qui peuvent aider à lutter contre la pandémie ravageuse de coronavirus. Mots clés: Ebola, COVID-19, OMS, transmission, mondial

Pandemic

Global Health

10.4314/ajcem.v22i2.1

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Immunoinformatics analysis to design novel epitope based vaccine candidate targeting the glycoprotein and nucleoprotein of Lassa mammarenavirus (LASMV) using strains from Nigeria

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics (2021)

Ohilebo Abdulateef Abass В. И. Тимофеев Bishajit Sarkar Desmond Odiamehi Onobun Samuel Ogunsola

Lassa mammarenavirus (LASMV) is responsible for a specific type of acute viral hemorrhagic fever known as Lassa fever. Lack of effective treatments and counter-measures against the virus has resulted in a high mortality rate in its endemic regions. Therefore, in this study, a novel epitope-based vaccine has been designed using the methods of immunoinformatics targeting the glycoprotein and nucleoprotein of the virus. After numerous robust analyses, two CTL epitopes, eight HTL epitopes and seven B-cell epitopes were finally selected for constructing the vaccine. All these most promising epitopes were found to be antigenic, non-allergenic, nontoxic and non-human homolog, which made them suitable for designing the subunit vaccine. Furthermore, the selected T-cell epitopes which were found to be fully conserved across different isolates of the virus, were also considered for final vaccine construction. After that, numerous validation experiments, i.e. molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and immune simulation were conducted, which predicted that our designed vaccine should be stable within the biological environment and effective in combating the LASMV infection. In the end, codon adaptation and in silico cloning studies were performed to design a recombinant plasmid for producing the vaccine industrially. However, further in vitro and in vivo assessments should be done on the constructed vaccine to finally confirm its safety and efficacy.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Lassa virus

Nucleoprotein

Lassa fever

10.1080/07391102.2021.1896387

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Citations (22)

Analyzing West Africa’s Readiness and Response to COVID19 Amidst Her Tuberculosis Burden; Win or Lose?

SSRN Electronic Journal (2020)

Ademola Aiyenuro Abdullahi Aborode Tunde Samuel Olarewaju Emmanuel Adebowale Fajemisin

Pulmonary tuberculosis continues to increase due to late patient presentation for diagnosis at health facilities in West Africa especially Nigeria. Accurate and timely diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is key to effective treatment and management. Over the past decade, Nigeria has experienced a surge in TB cases. The World Health Organization recently announced her guideline to assist national TB programmes and health personnel to urgently maintain continuity of essential services for people affected with TB during the COVID-19 pandemic, driven by innovative people-centered approaches, as well as maximizing joint support to tackle both diseases. Since the emergence of COVID-19 we have seen instances of public stigmatization among specific populations, and the rise of harmful stereotypes. These will definitely drive people to hide the illness to avoid discrimination, prevent people from seeking health care immediately and discourage them from adopting healthy behaviours. Stigma and fear around communicable diseases like TB hamper the public health response. The situation is projected to be worse in West Africa as TB case detection is very low and most of her countries have a poor health system to manage both diseases. This review therefore seeks to examine how West Africa have been able to manage her readiness and response to the covid19 pandemic even in her efforts to contain and eradicate Tuberculosis.

10.2139/ssrn.3648665

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Coinfections with COVID-19: A focus on tuberculosis (TB)

Elsevier eBooks (2024)

Chijioke Obiwe Onyeani Precious Chisom Dimo Emmanuel Ebuka Elebesunu Malachy Ekene Ezema Samuel Ogunsola

2019-20 coronavirus outbreak

10.1016/b978-0-443-18703-2.00026-8

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E6AP is important for HPV E6’s role in regulating epithelial homeostasis and its loss impairs keratinocyte commitment to differentiation

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (2022)

Wen Yin Nagayasu Egawa Ke Zheng Heather Griffin Ademola Aiyenuro

Abstract Human papillomaviruses (HPV) typically cause chronic infections by modulating homeostasis of infected basal cell to ensure persistence. Using FUCCI and cell-cell competition assays, we established the role of two common viral targets of low-risk and high-risk E6 proteins, E6AP and NHERF1, on four key components of epithelial homeostasis. These includes cell density, proliferation, commitment to differentiation and basal layer delamination. Our RNA sequencing results validated E6’s effects on homeostasis and revealed similar transcriptional gene regulation of E6-expressing cells and E6AP -/- cells. For example, yes-associated protein (YAP) target genes were up-regulated by either E6 expression or E6AP depletion. This is also supported by YAP expression pattern in both monolayer cell culture and HPV-infected clinical tissues. As the conserved binding partner of Alpha group HPV E6 proteins, the precise role of E6AP in modulating keratinocyte phenotype and associated signalling pathways have not been defined. We demonstrate that deletion of E6AP in keratinocytes delayed the onset of differentiation and the abundance of E6AP is reduced in HPV-infected tissue. This suggests that Alpha E6 regulates epithelium homeostasis by inhibiting E6AP’s activity, leading to alteration of multiple downstream pathways including YAP activation. Potential treatments can thus be developed to resolve the reservoir of HPV infection.

Homeostasis

10.1101/2022.06.23.497250

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The mRNA-1647 vaccine: A promising step toward the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection (CMV)

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (2025)

Adewunmi Akingbola Abiodun Adegbesan Olajumoke Adewole Kolade Adegoke Akpevwe Emmanuella Benson

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a leading cause of congenital infections and significant health complications in immunocompromised individuals. With no licensed CMV vaccine available, the development of the mRNA-1647 offers promising advancements in CMV prevention. We have reviewed results from Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials of the mRNA-1647 vaccine, demonstrating robust immune responses in both seronegative and seropositive participants. Vaccines exhibited significantly elevated neutralizing antibody titers against CMV, particularly in fibroblast and epithelial cells, with sustained responses lasting up to 18 months post-vaccination. The mRNA-1647 vaccine triggered strong T-cell and memory B-cell responses, suggesting its potential for long-term protection against CMV infection. The ongoing Phase 3 CMVictory trial evaluates the safety and immunogenicity of mRNA-1647 in women of childbearing age, with preliminary data showing promise in preventing congenital CMV transmission. This vaccine could significantly reduce CMV-related morbidity and mortality, particularly in newborns and immunocompromised individuals, addressing a critical unmet medical need.

Cytomegalovirus

10.1080/21645515.2025.2450045

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