J. Kluska

KU Leuven

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J.-B. Le Bouquin

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Jean-Philippe Berger

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Stefan Kraus

University of Exeter

John D. Monnier

University of Michigan–Ann Arbor

H. Van Winckel

KU Leuven

M. Benisty

Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble

Fabien Baron

Georgia State University

B. Lazareff

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

F. Malbet

Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble

R. Millan‐Gabet

Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

117

Max Planck Society

Université Grenoble Alpes

Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble

Max Planck Institute for Astronomy

VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology

Institute of Astronomy

European Southern Observatory

KU Leuven

Université Joseph Fourier

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High Angular Resolution and Young Stellar Objects: Imaging the Surroundings of MWC 158 by Optical Interferometry

EDP Sciences eBooks (2020)

J. Kluska F. Malbet Jean-Philippe Berger M. Benisty B. Lazareff

In the course of our VLTI young stellar object PIONIER imaging program, we have identified a strong visibility chromatic dependency that appeared in certain sources.This effect, rising value of visibilities with decreasing wavelengths over one base, is also present in previous published and archival AMBER data.For Herbig AeBe stars, the H band is generally located at the transition between the star and the disk predominance in flux for Herbig AeBe stars.We believe that this phenomenon is responsible for the visibility rise effect.We present a method to correct the visibilities from this effect in order to allow "gray" image reconstruction software, like Mira, to be used.In parallel we probe the interest of carrying an image reconstruction in each spectral channel and then combine them to obtain the final broadband one.As an illustration we apply these imaging methods to MWC158, a (possibly Herbig) B[e] star intensively observed with PIONIER.Finally, we compare our result with a parametric model fitted onto the data.

10.1051/978-2-7598-2487-8-010

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Imaging the disc rim and a moving close-in companion candidate in the pre-transitional disc of V1247 Orionis

Astronomy and Astrophysics (2018)

Matthew Willson Stefan Kraus J. Kluska John D. Monnier M. Curé

V1247 Orionis harbours a pre-transitional disc with a partially cleared gap. Earlier interferometric and polarimetric observations revealed strong asymmetries both in the gap region and in the outer disc. The presence of a companion was inferred to explain these asymmetric structures and the ongoing disc clearing. Using an extensive set of multi-wavelength and multi-epoch observations we aimed to identify the origin of the previously detected asymmetries. We have observed V1247 Ori at three epochs spanning $\sim678$ days using sparse aperture masking interferometry with Keck/NIRC2 and VLT/NACO. In addition, we search for signs of accretion through VLT/SPHERE-ZIMPOL spectral differential imaging in H$\alpha$ and R-band continuum. Our SMA sub-millimetre interferometry in 880 $\mu$m continuum and in the CO(3-2) line allows us to constrain the orientation and direction of rotation of the outer disc. We find the L'-band emission to be dominated by static features which trace forward-scattered dust emission from the inner edge of the outer disc located to the north-east. In H- and K-band, we see evidence for a companion candidate that moved systematically by 45$^{\circ}$ within the first $\sim$345 days. The separation of the companion candidate is not well constrained, but the observed position angle change is consistent with Keplerian motion of a body located on a 6 au orbit. From the SMA CO moment map, the location of the disc rim, and the detected orbital motion, we deduced the three-dimensional orientation of the disc. We see no indication of accretion in H$\alpha$ and set upper limits for an accreting companion. The measured contrast of the companion candidate in H and K is consistent with an actively accreting protoplanet. Hence, we identify V1247 Ori as a unique laboratory for studying companion-disc interactions and disc clearing.

Position angle

Orbital motion

Protoplanet

10.1051/0004-6361/201630215

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A Multi-instrument and Multi-wavelength High Angular Resolution Study of MWC 614: Quantum Heated Particles Inside the Disk Cavity*

The Astrophysical Journal (2018)

J. Kluska Stefan Kraus Claire L. Davies Tim J. Harries Matthew Willson

High angular resolution observations of young stellar objects are required to study the inner astronomical units of protoplanetary disks in which the majority of planets form. As they evolve, gaps open up in the inner disk regions and the disks are fully dispersed within ~10 Myrs. MWC 614 is a pre-transitional object with a ~10au radius gap. We present a set of high angular resolution observations of this object including SPHERE/ZIMPOL polarimetric and coronagraphic images in the visible, KECK/NIRC2 near-infrared aperture masking observations and VLTI (AMBER, MIDI, and PIONIER) and CHARA (CLASSIC and CLIMB) long-baseline interferometry at infrared wavelengths. We find that all the observations are compatible with an inclined disk (i ~55deg at a position angle of ~20-30deg). The mid-infrared dataset confirms the disk inner rim to be at 12.3+/-0.4 au from the central star. We determined an upper mass limit of 0.34 Msun for a companion inside the cavity. Within the cavity, the near-infrared emission, usually associated with the dust sublimation region, is unusually extended (~10 au, 30 times larger than the theoretical sublimation radius) and indicates a high dust temperature (T~1800 K). As a possible result of companion-induced dust segregation, quantum heated dust grains could explain the extended near-infrared emission with this high temperature. Our observations confirm the peculiar state of this object where the inner disk has already been accreted onto the star exposing small particles inside the cavity to direct stellar radiation.

Sublimation

Position angle

Debris disk

Young stellar object

10.3847/1538-4357/aaacd3

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First images from the PIONIER/VLTI optical interferometry imaging survey of Herbig Ae/Be stars

Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union (2013)

J. Kluska F. Malbet Jean-Philippe Berger M. Benisty B. Lazareff

Abstract The close environment of Herbig stars starts to be revealed step by step and it appears to be quite complex. Many physical phenomena interplay: the dust sublimation causing a puffed-up inner rim, a dusty halo, a dusty wind or an inner gaseous component. To investigate more deeply these regions, getting images at the first Astronomical Unit scale is necessary. This has become possible with near infrared instruments on the VLTI. We have developed a new imaging method adapted to young stellar objects where we process separately the stellar component from the rest of the image to reveal the environment by using the spectral differences between these two components. We present the result of this method on the first imaging survey of Herbig stars carried out by PIONIER on the VLTI.

Young stellar object

10.1017/s1743921313008065

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Interferometric evidence for quantum heated particles in the inner region of protoplanetary disks around Herbig stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics (2017)

L. Klarmann M. Benisty M. Min C. Dominik Jean-Philippe Berger

To understand the chemical composition of planets, it is important to know the chemical composition of the region where they form in protoplanetary disks. Due to its fundamental role in chemical and biological processes, carbon is a key element to trace. We aim to identify the carriers and processes behind the extended NIR flux observed around several Herbig stars. We compare the extended NIR flux from objects in the PIONIER Herbig Ae/Be survey with their flux in the PAH features. HD 100453 is used as a benchmark case to investigate the influence of quantum heated particles, like PAHs or very small carbonaceous grains, in more detail. We use the Monte Carlo radiative transfer code MCMax to do a parameter study of the QHP size and scale- height and examine the influence of quantum heating on the amount of extended flux in the NIR visibilities. There is a correlation between the PAH feature flux of a disk and the amount of its extended NIR flux. We find that very small carbonaceous grains create the observed extended NIR flux around HD 100453 and still lead to a realistic SED. These results can not be achieved without using quantum heating effects, e.g. only with scattered light and grains in thermal equilibrium. It is possible to explain the extended NIR emission around Herbig stars with the presence of carbonaceous, quantum heated particles. Interferometric observations can be used to constrain the spatial distribution and typical size of carbonaceous material in the terrestrial planet forming region.

10.1051/0004-6361/201628820

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Spatially Resolving the Innermost Regions of the Accretion Discs of Young, Low-Mass Stars with GRAVITY

Msngr (2019)

Claire L. Davies Edward Hone J. Kluska Alexander Kreplin

Accretion disc

10.18727/0722-6691/5175

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Imaging the dust sublimation front of a circumbinary disk

Astronomy and Astrophysics (2016)

M. Hillen J. Kluska J.-B. Le Bouquin H. Van Winckel Jean-Philippe Berger

We present the first near-IR milli-arcsecond-scale image of a post-AGB binary that is surrounded by hot circumbinary dust. A very rich interferometric data set in six spectral channels was acquired of IRAS08544-4431 with the new RAPID camera on the PIONIER beam combiner at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). A broadband image in the \textit{H} band was reconstructed by combining the data of all spectral channels using the SPARCO method. We spatially separate all the building blocks of the IRAS08544-4431 system in our milliarcsecond-resolution image. Our dissection reveals a dust sublimation front that is strikingly similar to that expected in early-stage protoplanetary disks, as well as an unexpected flux signal of $\sim$4\% from the secondary star. The energy output from this companion indicates the presence of a compact circum-companion accretion disk, which is likely the origin of the fast outflow detected in H$α$. Our image provides the most detailed view into the heart of a dusty circumstellar disk to date. Our results demonstrate that binary evolution processes and circumstellar disk evolution can be studied in detail in space and over time.

Circumbinary planet

Sublimation

Debris disk

Outflow

Bipolar outflow

10.1051/0004-6361/201628125

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Citations (57)

Disk tearing in a young triple star system with misaligned disk/orbit planes

arXiv (Cornell University) (2020)

Stefan Kraus Alexander Kreplin Alison K. Young Matthew R. Bate John D. Monnier

Tearing

Orbit (dynamics)

Star (game theory)

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VLTI/PIONIER survey of disks around post-AGB binaries

Astronomy and Astrophysics (2019)

J. Kluska H. Van Winckel M. Hillen Jean-Philippe Berger D. Kamath

Post-AGB binaries are surrounded by circumbinary disks of gas and dust that are similar to protoplanetary disks found around young stars. We aim to understand the structure of these disks and identify the physical phenomena at play in their very inner regions. We want to understand the disk-binary interaction and to further investigate the comparison with protoplanetary disks. We have conducted an interferometric snapshot survey of 23 post-AGB binaries in the near-infrared (H-band) using VLTI/PIONIER. We have fitted the multiwavelength visibilities and closure phases with purely geometrical models with an increasing complexity in order to retrieve the sizes, temperatures and flux ratios of the different components All sources are resolved and the different components contributing to the H-band flux are dissected. The environment of these targets is very complex: 13/23 targets need models with thirteen or more parameters to fit the data. We find that the inner disk rims follow and extend the size-luminosity relation established for disks around young stars with an offset toward larger sizes. The measured temperature of the near-infrared circumstellar emission of post-AGB binaries is lower (Tsub~1200K) than for young stars, probably due to a different dust mineralogy and/or gas density in the dust sublimation region. The dusty inner rims of the circumbinary disks around post-AGB binaries are ruled by dust sublimation physics. Additionally, a significant amount of the circumstellar H-band flux is over-resolved (14 targets have more than 10% of their non-stellar flux over-resolved) hinting for more structure from a yet unknown origin (disk structure or outflow). The amount of over-resolved flux is larger than around young stars. Due to the complexity of these targets, interferometric imaging is a necessary tool to reveal the interacting inner regions in a model-independent way.

Circumbinary planet

Sublimation

Asymptotic giant branch

Circumstellar dust

Circumstellar disk

10.1051/0004-6361/201935785

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Citations (23)

Asymmetries start in the AGB phase

Foteini Lykou Daniela Klotz J. Hron C. Paladini A. Jorissen

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