BACKGROUND EDG (endothelial differentiation gene)-2 is a membrane receptor for LPA (lysophosphatidic acid) which is the major lysophospholipid growth factor generated by platelet activation. We foc...
Background The SYNTAX score (SS) and clinical SS (cSS) are widely used to assess coronary lesion complexity, and are useful indices in predicting outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention. However, SS was derived from a study that exclusively used paclitaxel eluting stents, and its applicability to patients receiving ‘limus’ eluting stents is unclear. Thus, we investigated the validity of the SS and cSS in predicting clinical outcomes from a cohort where ‘limus’ stents were used unrestrictedly. We also compared the predictability of the scores in everolimus eluting stents (EES) versus sirolimus eluting stents (SES). Methods Patients were from the Efficacy of Xience/Promus versus Cypher in rEducing Late Loss after stenting (EXCELLENT) registry and the SS was evaluated at an independent angiographic core lab. The 1-year patient oriented composite endpoint (POCE) (all cause death, any myocardial infarction (MI), and any revascularization) and target lesion failure (TLF) (cardiac death, target vessel MI, and target lesion revascularization) were the major analysis endpoints. The area under the curve (AUC) of a receiver operating characteristic was used as the predictability of SS and cSS. Results Among 5102 patients (7003 lesions) enrolled, 3047 patients (4235 lesions) received EES and 2055 patients (2768 lesions) received SES. Tertiles for SS were defined as low SS<8, 8≤mid SS≤16, high SS>16. From the whole population, both POCE (4.2% vs. 7.7% vs. 12.2%, p<0.001) and TLF (1.6% vs. 2.4% vs. 4.5%, p<0.001) increased significantly along with increasing SS tertiles, and SS was an independent predictor of POCE and TLF in multivariate analysis (p<0.001 for all) The predictability of SS and cSS was similar for POCE (AUC: 0.635 vs. 0.629, for SS vs. cSS, p=0.599) but cSS was superior to SS in predicting TLF (AUC: 0.625 vs. 0.680, for SS vs. cSS, p=0.008). When stratified according to each stent, higher SS tertiles were significantly associated with increased risk of POCE and TLF in both EES and SES. Conclusion Both SS and cSS were applicable to unrestricted use of ‘limus’ stents to predict the risk of 1-year adverse clinical outcomes. The predictability of SS and cSS was similar for POCE but the inclusion of clinical variables improved predictability of the SS for TLF.
The efficacy and safety of each third-generation drug-eluting stent with ultrathin struts and advanced polymer technology remain unclear. We investigated the clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention using the Coroflex ISAR polymer-free sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) or Orsiro biodegradable polymer SES.
본고는 기존의 한국 노래문학 운율 논의가 가진 한계점을 지적하고 이에 대한 구체적인 대안으로 노래문학 통합 연구 환경을 마련할 것을 주장했다. 노래문학 연구자들이 공동연구와 개별연구를 통해 자유롭게 접근할 수 있는 통합 DB와 플랫폼을 개발해야 할 필요성에 대해 논증했고, 기존의 규범론 중심의 운율론에서 문학적 관습 중심의 운율론으로 관점을 전환하여 한국 노래문학이 가지고 있는 자체의 운율 현상을 파악할 수 있음을 시조 텍스트의 패턴 전승과정을 예로 들어 설명하였다. 본고에서 지향하는 운율론은 우리 노래문학의 실상에 바탕을 둔 자생적인율격론이다. 이를 위해서는 거시적이며 집합적인 연구 설계가 필요하고, 이를 뒷받침할 수 있는 자료확장형 DB 시스템과 검색 프로그램 개발도 필요하다는 점에 대해서 논의했다. 또한 이러한 연구 환경의 구축은 학제 간 연구를 진작시킬 수 있다는 장점도 있음을 강조했다.This paper tried critical study about the previous studies on korean metrics of old songs & poems and presented some alternatives for their limitation by insisting construction of integrated cyber environment for studying korean songs and poems. These are related with some arguments that researchers who study korean songs & poems should be free to access to integrated database & exclusive platform for cooperative & individual study. Also some possibilities that korean metrics can be demonstrated by shifting its perspective from theoretical metrics to conventional rhythmics with a example case study on metrical patterns in Sizo text, which indicates that korean metrics have been formed by its own rule. The metrics this study pursues is the self-explainable one which rooted on the rhythmic reality of lyrics. To construct korean own rhythmics, macroscopic and collective research strategies are necessary which should be supported by data expandable DB and search system. This study also have some advantage in that construction of free cyber researching environment can stimulate the interdisciplinary studies on the research.
Requirements of transparent-conductive oxide (TCO) films for solar cells and other optoelectronic applications are mainly focused on the electrical resistivity as low as , optical transmittance above in the visible region, a long-term stability in damp heat-treatment for 1000 h, a mechanical stability on flexible polymer substrates, and the large-area deposition technique for commercialization. In this study, the typical properties of the 45 nm thick Al-doped ZnO (AZO)/Ag/45 nm thick AZO multilayer films embedded by silver layers with various thicknesses were addressed to satisfy the requirements of TCO films for flexible electronic device applications. The AZO/9 nm thick Ag/AZO multilayer films as deposited on poly(ether sulfone) (PES) polymer substrates at by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering, which the deposition on large-area substrates is possible, exhibited the electrical resistivity of approximately , optical transmittance of 88% at 550 nm wavelength, no appreciable change in electrical resistance and optical transmittance after damp heat-treatment for 1000 h, and a strong mechanical stability between multilayer films and PES substrates after a severe bending test. The results presented in the multilayer films can provide a platform for TCO films deposited on polymer substrates to enable the flexible electronic device applications.
We demonstrated a miniaturized optical profilometer of surface scanning manner by using an electrically tunable liquid crystal Fabry-Perot cell. The surface profile of the fringe patterns is explained by the resonance mode analysis of the interference patterns.
This study investigated the tolerance of resting eggs of Eurytemora pacifica to storage under low temperatures, which is of particular interest in light of the recent use of nauplii as living food in aquaculture, other than conditions experienced also in the wild during winter cold events in the Northern Hemisphere. Sediment samples collected in August 2020 were used to store the resting eggs at two different freezing temperatures (−5 and −20 °C) for five different durations (1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months). The mean hatching success rates of the resting eggs after one month of storage were 85.3 ± 1.5% (−5 °C) and 85.0 ± 3.6% (−20 °C), with no significant difference between freezing temperatures. However, significant differences emerged over time, with the mean hatching success rate remaining at 85.0 ± 3.6% at −5 °C after three months, while it dropped sharply to 1.7 ± 2.1% at −20 °C. For the non-freezing conditions, the hatching success at 10 °C increased gradually over the one-month incubation period, ultimately reaching 71.0%. These findings demonstrate the remarkable cold tolerance of E. pacifica but also indicate a limit to this tolerance at longer durations. These results underscore the importance of considering the adoption of storage freezing for resting eggs to be used for aquaculture and also suggest the possibility of the species better surviving the extreme weather events in comparison with other species.
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