The poster is based on data collected from March to June 2003
through interviews with the 11-year-olds. The interviews were a
part of the individual psychological examinations conducted
within the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and
Childhood (ELSPAC). The poster presents the childrens
statements about how they perceive their family life. The focus
is not only on the description of family life but also on the
childs subjective evaluation and attitude towards the perceived
facts. We also asked about their wishes, proposals for
necessary changes, from the childs perspective, more satisfying
family life. Further areas covered were: activities of
individual family members, how time is spent together,
communication in the family, etc.
Předkladame navrh modelu vzniku autismu, kde geneticke dispozice vedou ke vzniku metabolických poruch. Poruchy metabolismu v soucinnosti s latkami z prostředi (strava apod.) vedou k poskozeni mozku, ktere je přicinou percepcnich, kognitivnich a metakognitivnich nedostatků. S ohledem na podobnost projevů autismu s projevy citove a smyslove deprivace soudime, že nasledkem poruchy vnimani a neporozuměni projevům druhých lidi vznika subjektivně pociťovana citova a smyslova deprivace, ktera je přicinou deficitů v socialnich vztazich.
“During adolescence…other adults may come to assume an importance equal to or greater than that of parents (Bowlby, 1969/1982, p.207).” However, adolescents’ transfer of primary attachment figures has been unclear. Only a few longitudinal studies, which are necessary to understand a “transfer” between two-time points, exist (Friedlmeier & Granqvist, 2006; Mayseless, 2004). Hence, this longitudinal study prospectively examined the transfer of early to late adolescents’ attachment figures. Methods: We recruited 215 adolescents (Mage =14.02, SD=2.05, ranged from 11- to 18-year-olds). We employed a 6-wave two-year longitudinal design with 4 different cohorts (5th, 7th, 9th, & 11th graders). To assess adolescents’ attachment transfer, adolescents completed the important people interview (IPI; Rosenthal & Kobak, 2010), developed based on Bowlby’s conceptualization of attachment behavioral system. The IPI consists of three questions, for each of which adolescents wrote their primary attachment figures. Results and Discussions: Cross-sectional latent class analyses revealed that 3-class models fit our data the best. We found that the adolescents in two classes exclusively chose parents or romantic partner, but the adolescents in one class did not choose friends exclusively. Subsequently, we conducted a latent transition analysis with 6-wave data altogether. We found that adolescents who have once transferred their primary attachment figures from parents to peers (friends and romantic partners) were unlikely to shift back from peers to parents. Friends were not as strong attachment figures as parents or romantic partners but they mediated adolescents’ transfer of attachment figures from parents to romantic partners. For many adolescents, particularly late adolescents, it took four or fewer months until their romantic partners became the primary attachment figure.
The purpose of the present analysis was to investigate the
hypothesis that the more intrinsic motives should support
agentic autonomy whereas the more intrinsic motives would
thwart it. Data come from an ongoing Czech longitudinal study
“Paths to adulthood” focusing on the development of autonomy
and identity over the period of emerging adulthood. The sample
sizes dropped from 1674 at the beginning to 998 in the most
recent wave (77% of females, aged 18 to 30). Agentic autonomy
has been repeatedly measured by a Czech translation of the
7-item autonomy subscale of the Basic Psychological Needs
Satisfaction scale. Five dimensions of the motivation to have
sex have been measured by a Czech translation of the Perceived
Locus of Causality for Sex scale. These include intrinsic,
extrinsic, identified, integrated, introjected motives to have
sex. Latent profile analysis was used to identify four
meaningful classes of motivations to have sex. These classes
differ mainly in the shape of the profile, less in the overall
level of motivation to have sex. Mean agentic autonomy does not
correlate saliently with any of the five dimensions of the
motivation to have sex. However, there are small and meaningful
differences between classes with different profiles of
motivations for sex. The class characteristic by extrinsic
motivation higher than all other motivation dimension showed
the lowest agentic autonomy. The class characteristic by
extrinsic and introjected motivation higher than the more
internalized dimensions of motivation had the second lowest
agentic autonomy. On the other hand, relatively higher agentic
autonomy was found in the two classes characterized by
relatively lower levels of extrinsic and introjected
motivation. The differences between classes were small
explaining about 3% of individual differences in agentic
autonomy (max Cohen d=0,52). No gender differences were found
in the above analyses. Although the pattern of results is not
straightforward and autonomy shows only very weak correlations
with absolute levels of the scales of sexual motivation, when
relative levels of sexual motives are considered data seem to
support the hypothesis that when external and self-enhancement
motivation is higher than other dimensions of motivation
autonomy appears to be thwarted.
Dilcim cilem výzkumu bylo objasnit souvislost mezi vnimanou
kvalitou vztahu s otcem a rozvodovými postoji mladých dospělých
z kompletnich i rozvedených rodin. Na zakladě předchozich
empirických zjistěni se předpokladalo, že tato souvislost bude
odlisna u mužů a žen pochazejicich z rozvedených rodin. Výzkumu
se zucastnilo 497 osob (z toho 315 žen) ve věku od 20 do 30
let. Kvalita vztahu k otci byla zjisťovana pomoci dotazniku
Inventory of Parent and Peers Attachment (IPPA), rozvodove
postoje byly měřeny dotaznikem The Attitude toward Divorce
Scale a semantickým diferencialem. K ověřeni hypotez byly
použity korelacni a regresni analýzy a t-testy. Výsledky
ukazaly, že u lidi z kompletnich rodin a u žen z rozvedených
rodin je souvislost mezi vnimanou kvalitou vztahu k otci a
postoji k rozvodu negativni. U mužů z rozvedených rodin nebyla
nalezena statisticky signifikantni spojitost.
Tato studie se zaměřuje na zkoumani vztahu mezi citovou vazbou
k rodicům a pociťovanými strachy v rane adolescenci. K ziskani
dat byly použity dotaznikove metody, pro zachyceni citove vazby
metoda IPPA (Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment), k měřeni
strachu jsme použili FSSC-II (Fear Survey Schedule for
Children, druha revidovana verze). Zkoumaný soubor byl tvořen
291 adolescentem (165 divek, 126 chlapců) ve věku od 12 do 14
let. Divky a starsi adolescenti vykazuji vyssi miru strachu než
chlapci a mladsi adolescenti. Kvalita citove vazby k matce byla
zjistěna jako prediktor celkove miry strachu i jednotlivých
strachů souvisejicich s rodinným prostředim, specificka
zjistěni pro jednotliva pohlavi a věkove skupiny jsou
diskutovana.
