Property right theory and beyond-property right theory are two theory systems used to direct the reform of our country's state-owned enterprises.During the reform of state-owned enterprise,we should not only introduce property right theory to promote the course of reform,but should pay attention to the function of competing mechanism in the reform of state-owned enterprises.Only when the property right reform is promoted,can the function of market competing mechanism actively bring into play.
Although many molecules have been investigated as biomarkers for spinal cord injury (SCI) or ischemic stroke, none of them are specifically induced in central nervous system (CNS) neurons following injuries with low baseline expression. However, neuronal injury constitutes a major pathology associated with SCI or stroke and strongly correlates with neurological outcomes. Biomarkers characterized by low baseline expression and specific induction in neurons post-injury are likely to better correlate with injury severity and recovery, demonstrating higher sensitivity and specificity for CNS injuries compared to non-neuronal markers or pan-neuronal markers with constitutive expressions.
Background. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease in elder people, pathophysiologic basis of which is the severe deficiency of dopamine in the striatum. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of low-frequency rTMS on Parkinson's disease in model mice. Methods. The effects of low-frequency rTMS on the motor function, cortex excitability, neurochemistry, and neurohistopathology of MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease mice were investigated through behavioral detection, electrophysiologic technique, high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection, immunohistochemical staining, and western blot. Results. Low-frequency rTMS could improve the motor coordination impairment of Parkinson's disease mice: the resting motor threshold significantly decreased in the Parkinson's disease mice; the degeneration of nigral dopaminergic neuron and the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase were significantly improved by low-frequency rTMS; moreover, the expressions of brain derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line derived neurotrophic factor were also improved by low-frequency rTMS. Conclusions. Low-frequency rTMS had a neuroprotective effect on the nigral dopaminergic neuron which might be due to the improved expressions of brain derived neurotrophic factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor. The present study provided a theoretical basis for the application of low-frequency rTMS in the clinical treatment and recovery of Parkinson's disease.
Background and Purpose: Memory impairments are common after stroke. Memory dysfunction lasted longer in aged than in young mice, but the mechanisms are still unclear. Microglia maintain normal memory via removing excessive synapses and increase turnover of synaptic connections after stroke. Long-term memory deficits in aged mice may be associated with increased microglia in the brain. Hypothesis: Increased synapse removal by inflammatory cells contribute to the long-lasting post-stroke memory dysfunction of aged mice. Methods: Permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) was induced in young and aged mice. The memory functions were analyzed weekly for 8 weeks by Y-maze test and at 8 weeks post stroke by novel objective recognition (NOR) test. Brain samples were collected 8 weeks after pMCAO induction. RNAseq analysis was performed to study gene expression profiles in peri-infarct area and hippocampus. Nissl staining was used to measure infarct volume and immunostaining was done to detect CD68 + and GFAP + cells and synapse in peri-infarct region and hippocampus. Results: RNAseq data shown up-regulation of CD68, GFAP, pro-inflammatory cytokines, immune response, microglia chemotaxins and phagocytosis genes; and down-regulation of synaptic assembly and transmission, synaptic plasticity, and long-term potentiation genes in aged mice at peri-infarct region and ipsilateral hippocampi. Aged mice had larger infarct volumes, more CD68 + and GFAP + cells in the peri-infarct region and ipsilateral hippocampi than young mice and had more CD68 + cells in the ipsilateral than the contralateral hippocampi. In Y-maze test, aged stroke mice made fewer spontaneous alternations from 3 to 8 weeks after pMCAO than young stroke and sham operated aged mice. In the NOR test, aged stroke mice spent less time on the novel objects than young stroke and sham aged mice. Increased synaptophysin positive CD68 + cells were detected in the hippocampi of aged stroke mice. Conclusions: Increase of synaptic elements by inflammatory cells contribute to the long-lasting post-stroke memory deficit in the aged mice, and reduction of neuroinflammation may improve their memory function.
Abstract Tunnel lining structure in water-rich karst area bears random high water pressure, which seriously threatens the safety of lining structure. In order to determine the influence of water pressure on the safety of lining structure of karst tunnel, a numerical model of load-structure was established, and the safety factors of lining structure under different circumferential and longitudinal action ranges of water pressure were compared and analyzed. The calculation results show that the safety factor of arch and side wall of lining structure is the lowest when the circumferential action ranges of water pressure are 0.3S and S (S refers to the distance from vault to the maximum span). The safety reduction factor of lining structure is 0.4-1.0 when the longitudinal action range of water pressure is 4m-36m. The research results can provide a basis for designing lining structure of tunnels in water-rich karst stratum.
Background and Purpose: Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a member of the ATF/CREB family, is upregulated in the early phase of various stresses including ischemic stroke. The role of ATF3 in ischemic stroke injury has not been fully elucidated. Hypothesis: ATF3 improves stroke outcomes through reduction of neuronal damage and neuroinflammation. Methods: Permanent distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) was performed in 8-week-old male and female C57BL/6J (WT) and ATF3 knockout (ATF3 -/- ) mice. The sensorimotor functions were analyzed 3 days after pMCAO through adhesive removal and corner tests. Infarct volumes and injured neurons were quantified on Nissl stained and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) stained sections. The cell-specific expression of ATF3 was analyzed by co-staining ATF3 antibody with antibodies specific to NeuN (Neuron), CD68 (microglia/macrophage) and GFAP (astrocyte). The expression of ATF3 in injured neurons was analyzed by ATF3 and FJC double labeling. Results: ATF3 expression was detected exclusively in neurons in the infarct area 1 day after pMCAO. There were a few ATF3 + CD68 + microglia/macrophages at the peri-infarct regions 2 and 3 days after pMCAO. Almost all FJC + neurons were ATF3 positive. No ATF3 expression was detected in astrocytes. Compared to WT mice, ATF3 -/- mice took longer time to remove the adhesive from their right paws (p<0.001) in adhesive removal test and more left turns in corner test (p<0.001) 3 days after pMCAO. ATF3 -/- mice also had a larger infarct volume (p = 0.014), more FJC + neurons (p=0.002) and CD68 + microglia/macrophages (p=0.003) in the peri-infarct regions than WT mice. Conclusions: Deletion of ATF3 exacerbates neuronal injury, neuroinflammation, and sensorimotor dysfunction in stroke mice, suggesting that upregulation of ATF3 at early stage of stroke improves ischemic stroke recovery through reduction of neuronal damage and neuroinflammation.
In order to reasonably reutilize oily sludge produced from polymer flooding (OSPPF) in the Shengli oilfield, firstly, the basic characteristics of OSPPF are analyzed through SEM, pH meter, and a Particle Size and Zeta potential analyzer. Then, the effects of different factors on the gel profile control system were systematically analyzed. The optimized prescription of the gel profile control system was 0.4% polymer + 0.1% emulsifier + 16% OSPPF + 0.05% stabilizer + 1.2% crosslinker + 0.1% pH regulator, with a gelling time of 32 h and gelling viscosity of 49910 mPa·s at 60°C. Finally, the application performances of the profile control system were evaluated. The results showed that the profile control system had a good anti-shear performance which could continue to form a gel with a viscosity of 45138 mPa·s after 30 min shear. Meanwhile, the gel profile control system exhibited good viscoelasticity and thermal stability so that the viscosity retention was about 90% at 60°C after 180 days. Furthermore, the permeability ranged from 21.24 to 29.63 μm2, plugging rates were larger than 94% and it was suitable for profile control in high-permeability zones. Therefore, this technology not only solves the pollution problem of OSPPF but also enables resource reutilization.
Objective:To evaluate the surgical technique and efficacy of greenlight vaporization of prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Methods:A total of 60 patients with BPH were treated with Niagara PV~(TM)system under sacral anesthesia or epidural anesthesia.Results:The mean operation duration was 104.21±81.31 min(range 10～250 min) and the mean cost energy was(230.02)±(150.34) kJ(range (21.24)～(531.11) kJ).No postoperative catheterization needed in 10 patients.The mean catheterization time was(64.70)±(25.52) h(range 24～120 h).The mean postoperative irrigation time was(58.44)±(20.24) h(range 24～96 h).The mean postoperative hospital stay time was(4.57)±(1.83) d(range 3～9 d).The mean Qmax value increased from(7.5)±(3.12) ml/s to(16.78)±(4.56) ml/s.The mean postvoid urine residual volume(PURV) decreased from (111.00)±(177.85) ml to(12.73)±(5.91) ml.The mean IPSS and QOL decreased from(26.50)±(3.18) and(4.60)±(0.28) to(6.24)±(1.86) and (1.83)±(0.52),respectively,which showed significant improvement(P(0.05)).There were 16 cases catheterizated before operation.No patients required blood transfusion.Postoperatively 12 cases had frequency,2 experienced delayed hematuria and 1 acute urinary retention after 24 days.Conclusions:The greenlight vaporization of prostate is minimal invasion for the treatment of BPH.It can yield rapid,safe and effective relief for patients with obstructive BPH.It is characterized by shorter operative duration,few blood loss and shorter catheterization.
The objective of this article is to evaluate the loosening behavior of bolted joints modified by fine particle bombardment (FPB) under transverse cyclic loading. FPB treatment was conducted to thread surfaces of both the bolt and the nut. Self-loosening experiments were then performed on the bolted joint with high, medium, and low preload using a fatigue testing machine. The test results show that fretting wear occurs at the thread surface under transverse cyclic loading, which leads to gradual self-loosening of bolted joints without the rotation of the nut. FPB treatment alleviates thread wear by increasing the surface hardness and reducing the friction coefficient between threads, thereby improving the anti-loosening ability of bolted joints. After FPB treatment, the bolted joints with a lower preload exhibited a greater relative improvement in anti-loosening ability than those at a higher preload.
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