Wanling Xuan

University of South Florida

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David Saloner

University of California, San Francisco

Yulin Liao

Southern Medical University

Justin Judd

University of California, San Francisco

Karen Ordovás

University of Washington

Bing Tian

Shangri-la Institute

Guo N. Huang

University of California, San Francisco

Evan Kao

University of California, San Francisco

Wenjun Liu

Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University

Yan Wang

Zhejiang Cancer Hospital

Jianping Bin

Southern Medical University

Cooperative Institutions

Southern Medical University

Nanfang Hospital

University of California, San Francisco

Chinese Academy of Sciences

University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

University of California System

Capital Medical University

University of South Florida

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University

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Cellular and molecular basis of cardiac regeneration

DergiPark (Istanbul University) (2016)

Justin Judd Wanling Xuan Guo N. Huang

Basis (linear algebra)

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Combined Endurance and Resistance Exercise Mitigates Age‐Associated Cardiac Dysfunction

Advanced Biology (2024)

Xiaowei Han Muhammad Ashraf Hong Shi Augustine T. Nkembo Srinivas M. Tipparaju

Abstract Aging is associated with a decline in cardiac function. Exercise has been shown to effectively reduce the risks of cardiovascular diseases. Here whether a combination of endurance and resistance exercises can improve cardiac function in aged mice during late life is investigated. Through transcriptome analysis, several signaling pathways activated in the hearts of 22‐month‐old mice after combined exercise, including cardiac muscle contraction, mitophagy, and longevity regulation are identified. Combined exercise training mitigated age‐associated pathological cardiac hypertrophy, reduced oxidative stress, cardiac senescence, and enhanced cardiac function. Upstream stimulatory factor 2 (Usf2) is upregulated in the aged mouse hearts with combined exercise compared to sedentary mice. In the human cardiomyocytes senescent model, overexpression of Usf2 led to anti‐senescence effects, while knockdown of Usf2 exacerbated cellular senescence. The results suggest that a combination of endurance and resistance exercises, such as swimming and resistance running, can mitigate age‐related pathological cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction in late life. These cardioprotective effects are likely due to the activation of Usf2 and its anti‐senescence effect. Therefore, Usf2 can potentially be a novel therapeutic target for mitigating age‐related cardiac dysfunction.

Senescence

Endurance Training

10.1002/adbi.202400137

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Fully automatic segmentation of 4D MRI for cardiac functional measurements

Medical Physics (2018)

Yan Wang Yue Zhang Wanling Xuan Evan Kao Peng Cao

Purpose Segmentation of cardiac medical images, an important step in measuring cardiac function, is usually performed either manually or semiautomatically. Fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricle (LV), the right ventricle (RV) as well as the myocardium of three‐dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance (MR) images throughout the entire cardiac cycle (four‐dimensional, 4D), remains challenging. This study proposes a deformable‐based segmentation methodology for efficiently segmenting 4D (3D + t) cardiac MR images. Methods The proposed methodology first used the Hough transform and the local Gaussian distribution method (LGD) to segment the LV endocardial contours from cardiac MR images. Following this, a novel level set‐based shape prior method was applied to generate the LV epicardial contours and the RV boundary. Results This automatic image segmentation approach has been applied to studies on 17 subjects. The results demonstrated that the proposed method was efficient compared to manual segmentation, achieving a segmentation accuracy with average Dice values of 88.62 ± 5.47%, 87.35 ± 7.26%, and 82.63 ± 6.22% for the LV endocardial, LV epicardial, and RV contours, respectively. Conclusions We have presented a method for accurate LV and RV segmentation. Compared to three existing methods, the proposed method can successfully segment the LV and yield the highest Dice value. This makes it an option for clinical assessment of the volume, size, and thickness of the ventricles.

Cardiac cycle

Cardiac Ventricle

10.1002/mp.13245

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Cellular and molecular basis of cardiac regeneration

TURKISH JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY (2016)

Justin Judd Wanling Xuan Guo N. Huang

Heart disease is one of the largest causes of death in humans throughout the developed world. Despite its critical role in maintaining physiologic homeostasis, the adult mammalian heart does not exhibit a significant capacity for regeneration. By contrast, several lower vertebrates exhibit a remarkable ability to regenerate the aging myocardium in response to severe injury. Additionally, recent evidence has shed light on a transient regenerative window in postnatal mammals. In this review, we discuss key findings that help to unravel the differences in cardiac regeneration across phylogeny and ontogeny. Furthermore, we highlight recent significant progress in the pursuit of adult mammalian cardiac regeneration. Collectively, this important body of work has great potential impact on human therapy for heart failure.

Homeostasis

10.3906/biy-1504-43

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Exosomal miRNAs derived from specific cardiac progenitor cells exert strong therapeutic effect on myocardial infarction

The FASEB Journal (2018)

Wanling Xuan Lei Wang Yaoliang Tang Muhammad Ashraf

Objective miRNA signatures are unique in exosomes amongst different parent cells. Here, we isolated and characterized exosomes from small molecule induced cardiac progenitor cells (Exo‐CPC iso ) and determined their effects on cardiac cells in vitro and on mice hearts following myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and results miR‐373, miR‐367, miR‐520 and miR‐548 were significantly overexpressed in Exo‐CPC iso and these miRNA microarray data were confirmed with real‐time PCR. Go enrichment analysis based on miRNA‐targeted genes showed that biological process included organelle, molecular function, response to stress and mitotic cell cycle. Interestingly, expression of fibrotic genes in cultured fibroblasts stimulated with TGF‐β was significantly downregulated after treatment with Exo‐CPC iso . Loss‐of‐function analysis using miR‐373 inhibitor confirmed that enrichment of miR‐373 was the major contributor to reversion of TGF‐β stimulation in fibroblasts. Moreover, intramyocardial injection of Exo‐CPC iso exerted favorable cardioprotective effects on cardiomyocyte proliferation, angiogenesis and preservation of cardiac function in mice one month post‐MI compared with PBS and Exo‐iPSC treated mice. Conclusion Exosomes derived from cardiogenic small molecule induced‐CPCs were highly effective in myocardial repair and functional improvement after MI due to their unique miRNA cargo contents. These data further suggest that cellular source of exosomes has a strong bearing on their therapeutic potential. Support or Funding Information This study was supported by the National Institutes of Health grants, RO1 HL126516, HL134354, 2RHL086555 and RO1 AR070029. This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .

10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.675.10

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Deep learning based fully automatic segmentation of the left ventricular endocardium and epicardium from cardiac cine MRI

Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery (2021)

Yan Wang Yue Zhang Zhaoying Wen Bing Tian Evan Kao

The segmentation of cardiac medical images is a crucial step for calculating clinical indices such as wall thickness, ventricular volume, and ejection fraction.In this study, we introduce a method named LsUnet that combines multi-channel, fully convolutional neural network, and annular shape level-set methods for efficiently segmenting cardiac cine magnetic resonance (MR) images. In this method, the multi-channel deep learning algorithm is applied to train the segmentation task to extract the left ventricle (LV) endocardial and epicardial contours. Next, the segmentation contours from the multi-channel deep learning method are incorporated into a level-set formulation, which is dedicated explicitly to detecting annular shapes to assure the segmentation's accuracy and robustness.The proposed automatic approach was evaluated on 95 volumes (total 1,076 slices, ~80% as for training datasets, ~20% 2D as for testing datasets). This combined multi-channel deep learning and annular shape level-set segmentation method achieved high accuracy with average Dice values reaching 92.15% and 95.42% for LV endocardium and epicardium delineation, respectively, in comparison to the reference standard (the manual segmentation).A novel method for fully automatic segmentation of the LV endocardium and epicardium from different MRI datasets is presented. The proposed workflow is accurate and robust compared to the reference and other state-of-the-art methods.

Endocardium

Robustness

10.21037/qims-20-169

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ASSESSMENT OF PERSISTENCE OF REGIONAL FUNCTIONAL ABNORMALITY IN DIASTOLE AND SYSTOLE AFTER RECOVERY FROM MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA BY VELOCITY VECTOR IMAGING

Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)

Jianping Bin Dongdong Chen Juefei Wu Yulin Liao Biying Zhou

Systole

Abnormality

Persistence (discontinuity)

10.1016/s0735-1097(11)60657-8

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Abstract 13004: Fractalkine Promotes the Progression of Diabetes-Induced Cardiorenal Syndrome through Induction of Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cell Apoptosis

Circulation (2012)

Yulin Liao Wanling Xuan Bing Wu Shengcun Guo Liang Su

Background: The prognosis of diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is poor and its pathogenesis remains elusive. We have reported that chemokine fractalkine (FKN) exacerbated he...

Cardiorenal syndrome

Cardiac Dysfunction

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ICOS/ICOSL upregulation mediates inflammatory response and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

PubMed (2018)

Zhang Hy Ruan Lb Li Y Yang Tr Wenjun Liu

ICOS/ICOSL plays a crucial part in various disease-mediated immune responses. However, the exact role of ICOS/ICOSL in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the role of ICOS/ICOSL in the pathogenesis of T2DM.Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes (CD3) and umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with high-glucose (HG) or advanced glycation end products (AGEs). A portion of CD3 cells was co-cultured with HUVECs and treated with different mediums or anti-ICOS mAbs. The ICOS/ICOSL and caspase-3 protein expression was measured by Western blotting. ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), and NOx production assays were respectively used to detect cytokines level, cell viability and the production of NOx.HG and AGEs significantly upregulated ICOS/ICOSL expressions in T cells and HUVECs. T cell contact with HUVECs secreted more IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-10 compared to non-contact cells, while cytokines from IL-6-, IL-1β-, and CM- (the conditioned medium) treated cells did not differ from the control. A significant increase of IL-8 and IL-6 was found in HUVECs under both contact and non-contact conditions vs. control cells. Similar results were also observed in the comparison between CM1- (T cell condition medium) or CM2- (co-culture condition medium) treated cells and control cells. However, CM1 and CM2 treatment significantly inhibited cell viability and increased caspase-3 and NOx production; blocking ICOS/ICOSL remarkably decreased cytokines secretion, enhanced cell viability and reduced caspase-3 and NOx production.HG and AGEs cause T cell inflammatory response and vascular endothelial dysfunction by upregulating ICOS/ICOSL, which may be one of the possible mechanisms of cardiovascular complications development in T2DM patients.

Viability assay

10.26355/eurrev_201812_16659

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Citations (17)