Bone tissue engineering demands advanced biomaterials with tailored properties. In this regard, composite scaffolds offer a strategy to integrate the desired functionalities. These scaffolds are expected to provide sufficient cellular activities while maintaining the required strength necessary for the bone repair for which they are intended. Hence, attempts to obtain efficient composites are growing. However, in most cases, the conventional production methods of scaffolds are energy-intensive and leave an impact on the environment. This work aims to develop a biocomposite scaffold integrating bacterial cellulose (BC), hydroxyapatite (HAp), and graphene oxide (GO), designated as "BC/HAp/GO". All components are sourced primarily from agricultural and food waste as alternative means. BC, known for its biocompatibility, fine fiber network, and high porosity, serves as an ideal scaffold material. HAp, a naturally occurring bone component, contributes osteoconductive properties, while GO provides mechanical strength and biofunctionalization capabilities. The biomaterials were analyzed and characterized using a scanning electron microscope, a X-ray diffractometer, and a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The produced biocomposite scaffolds were tested for thermal stability, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility. The results showed a nanofibrous, porous network of BC, highly crystalline HAp particles, and well-oxygenated GO flakes with slight structural deformities. The synthesized biocomposite demonstrated promising characteristics, such as increased tensile strength due to added GO particles and higher bioactivity through the introduction of HAp. These inexpensively synthesized materials, marked by suitable surface morphology and cell adhesion properties, open potential applications in bone repair and regeneration.
Two new families of Cu(II) and Co(II) mononuclear complexes with mixed ligands, [Cu(VanTrpt)(bipy)]·MeOH ( CuVanTrpt ), [Cu(VanSer)(bipy)]·4H 2 O ( CuVanSer ), [Cu(VanTyr)(bipy)]·H 2 O ( CuVanTyr ), [Cu(VanThr)(bipy)]·MeOH ( CuVanThr ), [Co(VanTrpt)(bipy)(OH 2 )]·H 2 O·MeOH ( CoVanTrpt ), [Co(VanSer)(bipy)(OH 2 )]·MeOH ( CoVanSer ), [Co(VanTyr)(bipy)(OH 2 )]·3H 2 O·MeOH ( CoVanTyr ), and [Co(VanThr)(bipy)(OH 2 )] ( CoVanThr ), (VanX are Schiff base proligands resulted from the condensation of o ‐vanillin with D,L‐tryptophan (VanTrpt), L‐serine (VanSer), L‐tyrosine (VanTyr), and L‐threonine (VanThr), respectively, and bipy is 2,2′‐bipyridine), have been obtained and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, magnetic measurements, and spectral data (FT‐IR and UV–Vis–Nir spectroscopy). Crystal structures of CuVanTrpt , CuVanSer , and CuVanTyr have been solved by single‐crystal X‐Ray diffraction. Biological evaluation revealed that they are cytotoxic in HeLa (human carcinoma of the uterine cervix) and LSR‐SF‐SR (rat sarcoma induced by Rous sarcoma virus strain Schmidt‐Ruppin) cells, showing an enhancement of cytotoxicity dependent of concentration and treatment time. The most pronounced cytotoxic effect is expressed by CuVanSer and CoVanSe r. Various cytopathological changes of both types of cancer cells were observed after treatment with Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes for 72 h at concentrations of 100 and 200 μg ml −1 . LSR‐SF‐SR cells were found to be relatively more sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of the complexes investigated as compared to HeLa cells.
Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of two complexes of Zn(II)/Au(I) and Zn(II)/Ag(I) with Schiff base ligand (H2Salen) obtained from the condensation reaction between salicylaldehyde and ethylenediamine (abbreviated ZnSalenAu, ZnSalenAg) on viability and proliferation of cultured human cancer cells.Methods: The following cell lines were used as model systems: Human cervical carcinoma (cervical carcinoma), A549 (non-small cell lung cancer [NSCLC]), glioblastoma multiforme (8MGBA), and A431 (squamous cell carcinoma) and its multidrug-resistant (MDR) clones A431-MDR, A431-MRP, and A431-ABCG2 that express mdr1, mrp1, or abcg2 gene, respectively. The investigations were performed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide test, neutral red uptake cytotoxicity assay, crystal violet staining, hematoxylin and eosin staining, double staining with acridine orange, and propidium iodide in short-term experiments (12–72 h, with monolayer cell cultures) as well as colony-forming method in long-term experiments (25 days, with three dimensional cancer cell colonies).Results: The results obtained revealed that ZnSalenAu and ZnSalenAg decreased significantly viability and proliferation of the treated cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner being more active as compared to the free ligand H2Salen.Conclusion: The present study demonstrates for the 1st time the ability of two heterometallic complexes ZnSalenAu and ZnSalenAg to decrease significantly viability and proliferation of cultured cell lines established from some of the most common and aggressive human cancers (NSCLC, carcinoma of uterine cancer, 8MGBA, and squamous cell carcinoma) as well as MDR cancer cells.
PURPOSE: The aim of the study presented here was to evaluate the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid on viability and proliferation of cultured human tumor cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The following permanent cell lines were included as model systems in the experiments: MCF-7 (human breast cancer), HeLa (human cervical cancer) and A549 (human lung cancer). The effects on cell viabilituy and proliferation were studied by MTT test and colony-forming method. Statistical differences between control and treated groups were assessed by unpaired Student t-test and calculated by Graph-Pad Prism 4.0 software package. RESULTS: Applied at concentrations of 10, 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL for 24 h and 48 h, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) decreased in a time- and concentration- dependent manner the viability of breast and lung cancer cells, while human cervical cancer cells remained almost unaffected. In the same concentration range (10-200 �g/ml), UDCA did not inhibit completely the ability of tumor cells to grow in a semisolid medium. CONCLUSION: Based on their sensitivity to the toxic effects of UDCA, the treated human tumor cell lines were graded as follows: MCF-7 > A549 > HeLa.
Abstract The ability of Monensic acid A (MonH∙H 2 O) and its neutral metal complexes [M(Mon) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]with ions of Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Mn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ and Zn 2+ to decrease viability and proliferation of primary cell cultures, originating from a chemically induced transplantable liver tumour of Zajdela in rats, and bone marrow cells from the same tumour-bearers, was evaluated. Experimental data revealed that manganese(II) and nickel(II) complexes of Monensin A are relatively more selective against the tumour as compared to the healthy bone marrow cells.
The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam and its metal (Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Ni(II)) complexes on the viability and proliferation of cultured humancarcinoma of the uterine cervix (HeLa) and glioblastoma multiforme (8MGBA) cells. The investigations were performed by short-term (24 h–96 h, with monolayer cultures) and long-term (16 d, with three-dimensional colonies of cancer cells) experiments by using methods with different molecular/cellular targets and mechanisms of action, such as thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, neutral red uptake cytotoxicity assay, crystal violet staining, double staining with acridine orange and propidium iodide, alkaline version of single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and colony-forming technique. The obtained results revealed that the application of the examined compounds at concentrations ranging from 5 µg/mL to 500 µg/mL induced cytopathological changes, including DNA damages in the treated cells and a significant decrease of their viability and proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Metal complexes were found to have a more pronounced cytotoxic/cytostatic effect, when compared to their ligand meloxicam.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Mg-modified tricalcium phosphate material (Mg-TCP) on viability and proliferation of MRC-5 human embryonic firbroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The investigations were performed using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, neutral red uptake cytotoxicity assay (NR), crystal violet staining (CV) and trypan blue dye exclusion technique (TB). RESULTS: The results obtained revealed that after 72 h of treatment the percent of viable MRC-5 cells cultured in the presence of Mg-TCP was 107.67 % ± 5.32 (MTT), 99.09 % ± 3.95 (NR) and 116.04 % ± 5.38 (CV). The growth potential of MRC-5 cells (seen in growth curves prepared after 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 days treatment periods, TB) was similar to those of the untreated control cells. CONCLUSION: The results obtained by us show that the investigated Mg-modified tricalcium phosphate could be considered as a promising material for bone regeneration medicine. Additional investigations are underway to clarify better the biocompatibility of the examined ion-modified TCP material as well as its osteoconductivity and osteoinductivity.
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