Low temperature is a major environmental factor, which limits rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) growth, development, and productivity. So far, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of rapeseed responses to cold stress are not fully understood. Here, we explored the transcriptome and metabolome profiles of two rapeseed genotypes with contrasting cold responses, i.e., XY15 (cold-sensitive) and GX74 (cold-tolerant). The global metabolome profiling detected 545 metabolites in siliques of both genotypes before (CK) and after cold-stress treatment (LW). The contents of several sugar metabolites were affected by cold stress with the most accumulated saccharides being 3-dehydro-L-threonic acid, D-xylonic acid, inositol, D-mannose, D-fructose, D-glucose, and L-glucose. A total of 1943 and 5239 differentially expressed genes were identified from the transcriptome sequencing in XY15CK_vs_XY15LW and GX74CK_vs_GX74LW, respectively. We observed that genes enriched in sugar metabolism and biosynthesis-related pathways, photosynthesis, reactive oxygen species scavenging, phytohormone, and MAPK signaling were highly expressed in GX74LW. In addition, several genes associated with cold-tolerance-related pathways, e.g., the CBF-COR pathway and MAPK signaling, were specifically expressed in GX74LW. Contrarily, genes in the above-mentioned pathways were mostly downregulated in XY15LW. Thus, our results indicate the involvement of these pathways in the differential cold-stress responses in XY15 and GX74.
Objective To appraise the relevance of serum interleukin(IL)-10,IL-12,interferon(IFN)-γ levels and HBV DNA in HBsAg carrier children. Methods The serum levels of IL-10,IL-12,IFN-γ and HBV DNA of 49 HBsAg carrier were measured by specific-ELISA and PCR respectively with 30 healthy children as the controls. Results The serum levels of IL-10,IL-12,IFN-γ in HBsAg carrier children were significantly higher than those in the controls(P(0.05),(0.01),(0.01) respectively).The serum levels of IL-10,IFN-γ of high virus-load group were significantly higher than those in the controls(P(0.01)) and the low load group(P(0.01),(0.05) respectively).IL-10 level was positively correlated with serum levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ(r=(0.4882),(0.8712),P(0.01),respectively),serum IL-12 was positively correlated with the IFN-γ levels(r=(0.5376),P(0.01)). Conclusions There exists an abnormal cell-mediated immune response in HBsAg carrier children.IL-10,IL-12 and IFN-γ are all involved in the infectious process of children with hepatitis B virus infection and are closely correlated with the HBV DNA level.
Objective:To study dangerous facters about wound infection on trauma patients.Methods:The trama patients were analysis with 520 cases during 1999～2001.Results:The positive rate of wound infection was 14.3%.The main pathogens was Gram-negative bacteria(72.6),such as Escherichia coli?Pseudomonas aeruginosa et al .Then Gram-negative bacteria(17.8%)and fungi(9.6%).Among Gram-negative bacteria,Coagulase-negative Staphyloccus was main pathogens(72.6%).All the isolated bacteria hsd high drug-resistance rate for common antibiotics.Ⅲ type wound infection rate 56.9% was higher than Itype wound infection rate( P 0.05).Conclusions: The trauma patiens were susceptiple population in infectoon patients.Precaution measurements were introduced to lower the infection rate of trama patients.
Bone loss is a major issue for patients with osteoporosis, arthritis, periodontitis, and bone metastasis; however, anti-resorption drugs used to treat bone loss have been linked to a variety of adverse effects. Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook, belonging to the family Ophioglossaceae, is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat inflammation and liver problems. In the current study, ugonin L extracted from H. zeylanica was shown to reduce the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Ugonin L treatment also inhibited the mRNA expression of osteoclast markers. Ugonin L was also shown to promote cell apoptosis in mature osteoclasts and suppress RANKL-induced ERK, p38, JNK, and NF-κB activation. Taken together, ugonin L appears to be a promising candidate for the development of novel anti-resorption therapies.
To investigate the serogroups/types distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates of different serogroups/types in both children and adults in China, and to explore the significance of vaccines in preventing pneumococcal infections and control of epidemic Streptococcus pneumoniae.A total of 580 consecutive and non-repetitive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were collected from 13 hospitals between 2005 and 2008. Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of 11 antibacterial agents. Serotyping was performed by latex agglutination test and the Quellung reaction test.The most prevalent serogroups/types in 362 isolates from adults were 19F (55, 15.2%), 19A (46, 12.7%), 3 (44, 12.2%), 23F (24, 6.6%), 15 (23, 6.4%), and 17 (11, 3.0%), while in the 218 isolates from children, 19F (71, 32.6%), 19A (31, 14.2%), 23F (13, 6.0%), 15 (12, 5.5%), 14 (11, 5.0%), and 6B (10, 4.6%) were the most prevalent. Resistance to β-lactams was related to the serotypes. 19F and 19A were more resistant toβ-lactams than the other serotypes. The prevalence of Penicillin Intermediate Streptococcus pneumoniae increased from 7.4% in 2005 to 24.9% in 2008. The coverage of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)-7, PCV-10 and PCV-13 among all age groups was 35.5% (206/580), 38.7% (224/580) and 61.8% (358/580), respectively. The coverage of PCV-7, PCV-10 and PCV-13 among children under 5 years was 55.7% (78/140), 58.6% (82/140), and 77.9% (109/140) respectively.Penicillin intermediate isolates were on the rise with years. PCV-7, PCV-10 and PCV-13 vaccines showed a higher coverage in children than in adults.
To investigate the serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) isolated from invasive pneumococcal diseases in order to provide rationales for antibiotics application and immunity control of S. pneumoniae.A total of 148 isolates of invasive S. pneumoniae were collected from blood, cerebrospinal fluid and other sterile body fluids from 15 regions between January 2005 and August 2008 nationwide. Agar dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of penicillin and other antibiotics against these isolates. Simplified chessboard system and capsule swelling reaction were used for serotyping of S. pneumoniae. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was used to determine the genetic relationship of 53 strains of serogroup-19.Twenty serotypes/serogroups were identified in 148 strains. The prevalent serotypes (70.9%) were 19A, 19F, 3, 23F, 5, 6, 14 and 9 respectively. Serotypes 19A (22.3%, 33/148) and 19F (16.9%, 25/148) were the most frequent type observed. And serotypes 3 (7.4%, 11/148) and 23F (6.8%, 10/148) were less prevalent. Of all 36 strains isolated from infants under 2 years old, 33.3% (12/36) were covered by 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). The resistant rates to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, erythromycin and other antibiotics in PCV7-related pneumococcal strains were significantly higher than those in PCV7-unrelated group (P < 0.05). Fifty-three strains of serogroup-19 were genotyped by MLST and 9 sequence types (STs) identified. ST320 (52.8%, 28/53) and ST271 (22.6%, 12/53) were the most frequent STs.The major serotypes of invasive S. pneumoniae are 19A, 19F, 3 and 23F. Antimicrobial-resistant S. pneumoniae has become a serious issue of public health.
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