This study aims to critically evaluate the effects of a walking intervention on bone mineral density (BMD) in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women and to identify the optimal duration of this walking exercise intervention.Two independent reviewers assessed for eligibility randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of walking on BMD in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. Heterogeneity, potential publication bias, and the quality of the included trials were assessed.Ten trials were eligible for inclusion. A meta-analysis of trials assessing lumbar spine BMD showed no significant effects (weighted mean difference [WMD] [fixed effects], 0.01 g/cm(2); 95% CI, -0.00 to 0.02; P = 0.05) regardless of the length of the intervention duration. BMD at the femoral neck increased after long intervention durations (6 mo to 1-2 y), although no significant effect could be seen when all trials assessing femoral neck BMD were taken into account (WMD [fixed effects], 0.01 g/cm(2); 95% CI, -0.00 to 0.01; P = 0.07). The effects of walking on the radius and whole body were not significant (WMD [random effects], -0.01 g/cm; 95% CI, -0.06 to 0.04; P = 0.71; and WMD [fixed effects], 0.04 g/cm(2); 95% CI, -0.00 to 0.08; P = 0.06, respectively).Walking as a singular exercise therapy has no significant effects on BMD at the lumbar spine, at the radius, or for the whole body in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women, although significant and positive effects on femoral neck BMD in this population are evident with interventions more than 6 months in duration.
To evaluate the efficacy of antioxidants in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver.The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE or PUBMED (1978-2011), EMBASE (1978-2011), ISI, OVID Database (1978-2011), CNKI Net and WANFANG database (1978-2011) were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials, with also manual search of the bibliographies of the retrieved articles. The data were synthesized to assess the histological response of the patients (hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis) and hepatic biochemical changes after the treatments (alanine aminotransferase responses).Fourteen trials involving 1284 patients were included in the Meta-analysis. The quality of the trials was inconsistent. The data were extracted for meta-analysis or descriptive analysis, which did not yield sufficient evidence that antioxidants could improve hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis or alanine aminotransferase responses.The current data do not support a positive therapeutic effect of antioxidants on nonalcoholic fatty liver, and antioxidants are therefore not recommended in the clinical treatment of the condition.
OBJECTIVE To study the stability of compatibility of ganciclovir for Injection in 5% Fructose and 5% xylitol injection underdifferent temperature(25℃) within six hours.METHODS The content of ganciclovir was determined by HPLC,and the appearance of the solution was observed and its pH value was determined.RESULTS No significant changes of appearance and content of the mixed solution had been observed within six hours.CONCLUSION The mixture ganciclovir in two transfusion solutions can be used under above mentioned conditions within six hours.
OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for ophthalmic hospital infections and preventive countermeasures.METHODS A total of 60 patients with hospital infections were assigned to research group.60 ophthalmic patients without hospital infection in the same period were selected as control group at the ratio of 1∶1.Single factor analysis and logistic regression analysis were performed for factors that might influence hospital infections in the two groups.RESULTS Single factor analysis showed that 6 factors were related to hospital infections.With hospital infections serving as the dependent variable and other statistics as independent variables,after assigning values,logistic regression analysis was performed and 4 main risk factors were screened out: age≥ 60,contact check,invasive operation and hospital stay ≥15 days.Odds ratio values were 3.78,3.12,2.98,and 2.56 respectively.CONCLUSION Ophthalmic hospital infection factors are complex and it is important to enhance the awareness of hospital infections in elderly patients,accurately and strictly grasp indications of invasive operations and try to shorten the length of hospitalization.
Purpose: To conduct a meta-analysis to confirm the association between Demodex infestation and blepharitis.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive and quantitative analysis of relevant published case-control studies which were found from the ISI Web of Knowledge, MEDLINE and CNKI from January 1950 to December 2010. Meta-analysis was applied for 13 of these and included matched data sets, using odds ratio (OR) as the effect indicator. Sensitivity was assessed.Results: Eleven articles (13 matched data sets) covering four different countries and reporting 4741 participants (2098 blepharitis and 2643 controls) were eligible. The pooled OR in random effect models was 4.89 (95% confidence interval, 3.00–7.97). Sensitivity analysis showed that results of pooled ORs in different effect models, language, sample size, and control groups were completely consistent, which demonstrated a stable association between Demodex infestation and blepharitis by meta-analysis.Conclusions: The association between Demodex infestation and blepharitis was statistically significant. The conclusion implies that when conventional treatments for blepharitis fail, examination of Demodex mites and acaricidal therapy should be considered.
Objective
To evaluate the change of anterior alveolar bone height in Class Ⅱ division 1 patients after orthodontic treatment.
Methods
The sample consisted of 62 Class Ⅱ division 1 patients. They were divided into two groups, extraction group (11 males and 21 females, mean age 12.63±0.94 years) and non-extraction group (17 males and 13 females, mean age 12.33±1.24 years). The Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of pre-treatment and post-treatment were collected. The labial and the lingual (palatal) distance from Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ) to alveolar bone crest of the anterior teeth were measured before and after treatment. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.
Results
The alveolar bone height loss in extraction group and non-extraction group reached 67.31% and 66.94%, respectively. The average bone height loss in extraction group and non-extraction group were (1.03±2.47) mm and (0.69±4.02) mm, respectively. For the lingual side of the upper incisors and lower anteriors, the average bone height loss in extraction group was much higher than in non-extraction group (P>0.05). However, for the labial side of the lower anteriors, the average bone height loss in non-extraction group was much higher than extraction group (P>0.05).
Conclusions
The anterior alveolar bone height in Class Ⅱ division 1 patients generally decreased after orthodontic treatment. The amount of decrease was closely correlated to tooth position, moving direction and moving range.
Key words:
Angle Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion; Orthodontic treatment; Alveolar bone height
Standerdized patiets oan serve as patients, teachers and evaluators. Establishment of standardized patients' teacher-identity is helpful to improving their teaching passion, and it also makes sure all teaching steps may develop successfully and promote accuracy and fairness of evaluation in Standerdized patiets examinations.
Key words:
Standerdized patiets; Teacher; Identity
An 82‑year‑old female was diagnosed with ovarian cancer in May 2004. Following gynecological surgery, pathological evaluation showed stage IIIC epithelial ovarian cancer. From June 2004 to January 2005, the patient received six cycles of conventional treatment combined with intravenous paclitaxel (Taxol®) and cisplatin. The patient developed abdominal distension and experienced a gradual deterioration in health during 2007, with admission to The First Affiliated Hospital in May 2007. The patient presented with severe abdominal distension and breathing difficulty on May 15 and appeared to be in critical condition. Ultrasound examination revealed massive ascites and left‑side pleural effusion. Thoracentesis and abdominocentesis were performed, and 300 mg carboplatin was administered intraperitoneally on May 19, followed by a second abdominocentesis on May 21. However, these treatments did not alleviate the symptoms, and 200 mg bevacizumab was administered by intravenous infusion on May 27. The condition of the patient gradually improved and 400 mg bevacizumab was administered by intravenous infusion every two weeks from June 9. From December, the dosage of bevacizumab was reduced to 200 mg every two weeks. In addition, 300 mg carboplatin was administered intraperitoneally on November 4 and intraperitoneal carboplatin chemotherapy was repeated thereafter. The patient exhibited disease‑free survival until July 2009, at which time disease progression was observed and the cancer recurred in August 2009. The patient died of multiple organ failure in September 2009. Bevacizumab rapidly eliminated the patient's massive ascites and pleural effusion, and achieved an effect that was not possible with other treatments. Therefore, bevacizumab is an effective therapy for late‑stage relapse and refractory ovarian cancer.
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