Lately, Muslim consumers in Malaysia, are avoiding catfish (Clarias gariepinus) owing to the uncertainty of its halal status. This is due to the use of unclean/impure substances (najasa in Islamic law) as feed from animal carcasses or feed incorporated with animal waste (fat, blood or bone). Under the islamic law, animals which consume large quantities of najasa and led to noticeable changes of its odour, colour and taste of the meat are haram (forbidden) or makruh (undesirable). To our knowledge there is no investigation on whether the feed could alter the odour, taste or colour of the catfish from this perspective. Thus a study was undertaken to evaluate if feeding diets comprising of najasa will affect the nutritional composition and sensory characteristics of catfish.The fish were fed with imported pellets (consisting of 10-15% blood meal with porcine DNA detected), local pellets and 100% chicken offal for 12 weeks. The results showed treatment with imported pellets do not have a significant (p>0.05) effect on the nutritional composition (proximate composition, amino acids and fatty acids profiles), colour, odour and flavour of catfish fillet, but significantly (p<0.05) change the odour and flavour.
Abstract Background This study aimed to evaluate the effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and/or vitamin E (VE) on the growth, body composition, metabolic parameters, histopathology, and resistance of Nile tilapia to Aspergillus flavus . Results Monosex Nile tilapia fingerlings were sourced from the Bazina farm and hatchery in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, where the experiment was also conducted. The fish were acclimatized for 15 days before the trial. A total of 240 fingerlings (average weight 46 ± 3.0 g/fish) were divided equally across 12 concrete tanks (1 × 1 × 1.2 m, 1 m³ capacity), with 20 fish per tank. The fish were fed a control diet (T0), which was a basal diet with no supplementation, or one of three experimental diets for 60 days: T1 (1 mg SeNPs/kg), T2 (100 mg VE/kg), and T3 (1 mg SeNPs + 100 mg VE/kg). The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replicates per treatment. The combination of SeNPs and VE (T3) resulted in the best feed conversion ratio. A slight but significant increase ( P < 0.05 ) in whole-body composition was observed in all treatment groups compared to the control. Biochemical parameters, serum digestive enzyme activity, and antioxidant levels improved significantly with dietary supplementation. Histopathological analysis revealed somewhat lacerated gill arches in fish fed SeNPs, VE, or their combination, but the overall gill structure remained normal. The SeNPs + VE group exhibited improved villi length and normal morphology of portal veins and hepatic sinusoids, though some vacuolated hepatocytes were noted. Fish in the SeNPs + VE group had the lowest mortality rates and the highest resistance to A. flavus . Conclusion Supplementing diets with SeNPs and/or VE enhances growth, body composition, biochemical parameters, and histopathology in Nile tilapia. The combination of 1 mg SeNPs + 100 mg VE/kg improves immune response and growth, offering a promising strategy to enhance Tilapia health and productivity.
The eating quality, fillet yield, protein and fat contents of pond-raised red tilapia were evaluated. The effects of water depuration process on the removal of muddy taste and the development of a value-added product were also studied. The skinon fillet yield ranged 32–33% while the protein and fat contents of the fillets ranged 16–17% and 1–4% respectively. The fillet yield and protein content were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the types of feed. However, the fat content of tilapia fed with the commercial feed and traditional feed were significantly higher (p > 0.05) than those fed on formulated feeds with and without vitamin E. No depuration was required for fish fed with formulated feeds. Fish fed on commercial and traditional feed need at least 8 h of water depuration process to leach out the muddy taste and increase their acceptability. Geosmin was not detected in all samples. Tilapia fillet battered with tempura battermix comprising 62% wheat flour, 30% corn starch and 8% rice flour was the most acceptable.
Keywords: tilapia fillet; tilapia quality; muddy flavour; value-added product
T forensic entomological specimens were examined from the Medical Entomology Unit, Institute for Medical Research, hospitals, and the police department, in Malaysia. Three species of cyclorrphagic flies were identified as Chrysomya rufifacies Macquart (the hairy maggot blowfly), C. megacephala Fabricius (the oriental latrine fly) and 1 specimen of Hermetia illucen Linnaeus (the black soldier fly). C. rufifacies and C. megacephala were the most common species found in cadavers from different ecological habitats, as noted similarly by Lee et al [1]. The methods used by the entomologist and pathologist for estimating postmortem interval (PMI) were significantly correlation, at 0.01 level. Scatter plot analysis confirmed that maggot length increases over time until days 4/5, after which it starts to decrease over time (6-8 days). This could be due to the maggots’ change to the puparium stage. It was concluded that entomological techniques are a useful forensic tool for estimating PMI.
The aim of this study was economic evaluation and investigation of some factors such as season and demographic characters (manager characters) on some productive and reproductive efficiency in sheep production farms under Egyptian conditions. Data were randomly collected from commercial sheep farms from different localities in Menofia governorate located in the south of Nile delta in Egypt. The data included seasons grouped into (cold season) extended from 21 September to 20 March and (warm season) from 21 March to 20 September to determine its effect on birth weight, litter size and kidding interval. The data were collected, summarized and analyzed by statistical computer program (SPSS/PC, 16). The results of the study revealed that warm season had higher parameters for birth weight, litter size and kidding interval than cold season as recorded 2.91 kg, 1.61 and 9.13 months. The manager characters has a significant effect on production of sheep farms as about 31% in production changes were attributed to the changes in demographic characters such as educational level and age of producer. Keywords : Sheep production farms, manager characters, economic losses Cite this Article Mostafa IA, Ibrahim SS. Impact of some factors on profitability of sheep farms under Egyptian conditions. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2018; 7(2): 5–9p