Lucky O. Omoigui

University of Agriculture

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Alpha Y. Kamara

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

David Chikoye

Golden Valley Agricultural Research Trust

Friday Ekeleme

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture

I. Y. Dugje

University of Maiduguri

Chris O. Ojiewo

International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

Essègbémon Akpo

Université d'Agriculture de Kétou

Rajeev K. Varshney

Murdoch University

A. Y. Kamara

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Abebe Menkir

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Abdullahi I. Tofa

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Cooperative Institutions

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

University of Agriculture

International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

Bayero University Kano

Ahmadu Bello University

Federal University of Agriculture

International Institute of Tropical Agriculture

Council for Scientific and Industrial Research

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Seed Dressing Maize with Imazapyr to Control Striga hermonthica in Farmers’ Fields in the Savannas of Nigeria

Agriculture (2020)

Alpha Y. Kamara Abebe Menkir David Chikoye Reuben Solomon Abdullahi I. Tofa

Use of small doses of imazapyr and pyrithiobac for seed coatings of imazapyr-resistant maize hybrids (IR-Maize) offers an effective means to control Striga hermonthica. Field trials were conducted in Bauchi and Kano States of Nigeria in 2014 and 2015 under heavy Striga infestation to evaluate the potential effectiveness of herbicide coated hybrids maize on Striga control in farmers’ field. Results showed that herbicide coated seeds reduced number of emerged Striga per m2 and Striga damage symptoms in farmers’ fields in all the locations. In Kano the number of emerged Striga was 4.9 to 7.9 times less in herbicide treated hybrids in comparison with those of the same hybrids planted without herbicide treatment. The Striga-resistant open pollinated variety (OPV) (TZL COMP1 SYN) had 6.7 to 8.0 times more Striga than the treated hybrids. In Bauchi, the number of emerged Striga on the untreated IR-maize hybrids were over four-times higher on the treated IR-maize hybrids than on the untreated hybrids. The Striga-resistant OPV check had four-times more Striga than the treated IR-maize hybrids and twice more than the untreated IR-maize hybrids across the two years. However, the effects of herbicide seed coating on grain yields were not consistent because of strong seasonal effects. The result revealed that coating of imazapyr-resistant hybrid maize seeds with imazapyr was effective in reducing Striga infestation in farmers’ fields. Although herbicide seed coating did not give consistent yield advantages of the hybrids over the untreated checks, a combination of herbicide seed treatment and genetic resistance to Striga would serve as an effective integrated approach that could significantly reduce the parasite seed bank from the soil and prevent production of new seeds. The IR-hybrids and the OPV checks contained Striga resistance/tolerant genes that protected them against drastic yield loss in the Striga infested fields in both Bauchi and Kano.

Imazapyr

Striga hermonthica

Open pollination

Parasitic plant

Scrophulariaceae

10.3390/agriculture10030083

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Citations (11)

Nitrogen fertilisation and cultivar effects on the performance of early and late maturing maize under natural infestation with Striga.

A. Y. Kamara Friday Ekeleme Lucky O. Omoigui Abebe Menkir David Chikoye

Fertilisation

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Planting Date and Cultivar Effects on Grain Yield in Dryland Corn Production

Agronomy Journal (2009)

Alpha Y. Kamara Friday Ekeleme David Chikoye Lucky O. Omoigui

Corn ( Zea mays L.) production is gradually spreading into the Sudan savanna zone of West Africa where production is limited by erratic and inadequate rainfall. To increase corn production, production practices should be properly designed to minimize the effects of low precipitation and high temperatures that characterize the zone. A study, to determine the performance of late (120 d), early (90 d), and extra‐early maturing (80 d) corn cultivars over a range of planting dates, was performed in the Sudan savannas of northeast Nigeria. Delaying planting generally increased days to flowering and the anthesis‐silking interval (ASI) and reduced dry matter production and yield and yield components. In Azir, planting of corn on 13 July reduced grain yield by 42% in 2006 because of a dry spell during crop establishment. Delaying planting to 21 and 28 July also reduced grain yield by 19 and 28.5%, respectively over the 2 yr. Averaged over the 2‐yr yield reduction was 29.5 and 42% when corn was planted on 21 and 28 July, respectively in Damboa. There was no interaction between planting date and corn cultivar for days to silking, ASI, and grain yield suggesting that the cultivars responded similarly to planting date. The extra‐early maturing cultivar, 95 TZEE‐W, produced highest dry matter, harvest index, and grain yield at all planting dates suggesting that this cultivar is the most suitable in both locations. To reduce risk of drought stress, extra‐early maturing corn cultivars should be planted in the Sudan savanna between the last week of June and the first week of July.

Anthesis

10.2134/agronj2008.0090

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Citations (72)

Relation of yields of soybean and maize to sulphur, zinc, and copper status of soils under intensifying cropping systems in the tropical savannas of north-east Nigeria

Journal of Food Agriculture & Environment (2009)

J. D. Kwari Alpha Y. Kamara Friday Ekeleme Lucky O. Omoigui

Deficiencies of sulphur (S), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are becoming prevalent under intensifying agricultural systems in north-eastern Nigeria. They are manifest in the partial or lack of response by crops to NPK fertilizers leading to a reduction in crop quality and yields. Data were collected on the initial available S, Cu and Zn contents of some samples from 0-15 cm depth from farmers’ compound fields (64) and bush fields (73) in 30 communities across three agro-ecological zones in north-east Nigeria. These were related to the grain yields of soybean and maize varieties from demonstration trials to assess if they are yield determinants of these crops. Available S content (range 5.10-18.49 mg kg -1 ) was moderate to medium status in over 80% of the fields within the region. This content significantly influenced yields of soybean (P = 0.0245) and maize (P = 0.0415) in bush fields in the Southern Guinea savanna (SGS) and maize (P = 0.0074) in compound fields in Sudan savanna (SS), thus indicating S was a determinant of the performance of these crops. Nearly all fields were deficient in Zn with a range of 0.002-1.47 mg kg -1 . This had a significant effect on maize yields in compound fields (P = 0.0376) in SGS and in bush fields (P = 0.0090) in SS. Also available Cu content was deficient (range 0.001-0.274 mg kg -1 ) in over 83% of the soils and had a significant effect on soybean yields in compound fields (P = 0.0455) in SGS. The soils in north-east Nigeria were moderate in S but deficient in Cu and Zn and may require the application of NPK fertilizer containing these micronutrients for the cultivation of maize and soybean.

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Influence of insecticide spraying regimes and cultivar on insect pests and yield of cowpea in the dry savannas of north-eastern Nigeria

International journal of food, agriculture and environment (2007)

A. Y. Kamara David Chikoye Lucky O. Omoigui I. Y. Dugje

Cowpea is an important food legume and versatile crop in the savannas of northeast Nigeria. Despite the high potential for production in this region, insect pests are a major constraint. A study was conducted to evaluate the response of diverse cowpea genotypes to different schedules of spraying with an insecticide. The study revealed that flower thrips, the legume pod borer (Maruca) and a range of pod-sucking bugs were the major insect pests. Application of insecticides once at flowering increased grain yield by 75%; application at both at flowering and podding, significantly reduced insect pest population and increased grain yield by 126%. Improved cultivars recorded a higher grain yield than the local checks at all spraying regimes. This suggests that these cultivars were either tolerant or resistant to the insect pests.

Insect pest

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Influence of Farmers` Crop Management Practices on Striga hermonthica Infestation and Grain Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in the Savanna Zones of Northeast Nigeria

Journal of Agronomy (2007)

I. Y. Dugje Alpha Y. Kamara Lucky O. Omoigui

Striga hermonthica

10.3923/ja.2008.33.40

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Citations (17)

Effect of phosphorus application and soybean cultivar on grain and dry matter yield of subsequent maize in the tropical savannas of north-eastern Nigeria

AY Kamara J. D. Kwari Friday Ekeleme Lucky O. Omoigui Robert C. Abaidoo

Soybean can contribute to soil N, which may partly be used to improve maize production in northeast Nigeria. However, the efficiency of soybean to fix N can be limited by soil P deficiency. This study evaluated the effect of P application and soybean cultivars on dry matter and grain yield of subsequent maize for two years (2005 - 2006) at Miringa and Azir. Experimental design was a split-plot with three replications. The main plots contained P levels of 0, 20 and 40 kg P/ha and subplots had four soybean cultivars. Maize was planted in the harvested soybean plots. Application of P to soybean at 20 and 40 kg/ha significantly increased dry matter and grain yield of succeeding maize. Differences in grain yield were significant between all P rates in Miringa (2005) and Azir (2006) but only between 0 and 40 kg P/ha in Azir (2005) and Miringa (2006). The grain yields of maize following late-maturing soybean cultivars were significantly higher than those following the early maturing cultivars in 2005. The maize yield increases could however, not be explained by total soil N, available P, and N and P uptake. Other rotation effects beyond N supply by the preceding soybean may be responsible for the yield increases of maize.

10.4314/ajb.v7i15.59099

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Citations (21)

Concluding Remarks: The Tropical Legumes Projects Empowered Communities in a Wide Variety of Assets

Springer eBooks (2020)

Essègbémon Akpo Chris O. Ojiewo Lucky O. Omoigui Jean Claude Rubyogo Rajeev K. Varshney

10.1007/978-981-15-0845-5_9

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Simulating potential yield of rainfed soybean in northeast Nigeria

European Journal of Agronomy (2022)

Alpha Y. Kamara Jenneh F. Bebeley Kamaluddin T. Aliyu Abdullahi I. Tofa Lucky O. Omoigui

We used the CROPGRO-Soybean model to simulate the production potential of rainfed soybean in northeast Nigeria. Data from ten soybean experiments conducted under optimal conditions in 2016-2018 at Kano and Dambatta in the Sudan savanna (SS) agroecological zone were used to determine the cultivar coefficients and calibrate the model for the varieties TGX 1448-2E and TGX1951-3 F. The model was evaluated with data from four phosphorous response trials conducted at Zaria and Doguwa in the northern Guinea savanna (GS) of Nigeria between 2016 and 2018. Results show that the CROPGRO-Soybean model was able to accurately simulate soybean growth and grain yield with low RMSE and high d-index values. Consequently, the model was used to investigate the rainfed yield potential of the two varieties in 24 sites in northeast Nigeria under different sowing windows using 30-year (1985-2014) weather data. The result shows that soybean can be grown in northeast Nigeria, but yield performance is dependent on location, variety and sowing window. The simulated yield was higher in the SS than in the GS agro-ecozone despite the longer growing period in the later. Low yield was simulated for TGX 1448-2E for most of the sites. The yield of TGX1951-3 F was above a threshold of 1500 kg ha-1 in 5 out of 12 sites in the GS and 7 out of 12 sites in the SS, suggesting that this variety is the most suitable for cultivation in northeast Nigeria. Sowing TGX 1951-3 F can be delayed to July 16 at Gwaskara, Nasarawo Demsa and Tawa in the GS and at Briyel, Lakundum, Jara Dali, Kurbo Gayi, and Mathau in the SS with a low-risk of crop failure. The desired yield will be achieved at Chikala and Puba Vidau with a significantly low risk of crop failure for all sowing windows. The results from this study suggest that the CSM-CROPGRO-Soybean model can be a valuable tool in determining the right variety and sowing window for soybean production in targeted agroecological zones in northeast Nigeria.

DSSAT

Agroecology

10.1016/j.eja.2022.126683

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Citations (2)

Character Association Studies in Groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.)

American Journal of Plant Sciences (2018)

Olalekan Joseph Olasan C. U. Aguoru Lucky O. Omoigui E. J. Ekefan

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of relationship and association amongst morphological characters of groundnut as an important food crop in Nigeria. 118 cultivars were planted in a completely randomized design structure. Characterization was based on qualitative and quantitative evaluations of 62 characters. Data were analysed on the SPSS software (20.0 versions). Correlation tools were applied using Spearman, Kendall and Pearson methods. Level of relationship was determined based on the strength of coefficients R. Dependence among traits was tested using the Chi square. Multiple regression analysis was carried out in a predictive model. As a result, many of the traits are very weakly correlated. Day to emergence has no effect on Day to 50% flowering (R = 0.237, p p p p p Plant height also moderately affects leaflet sizes (R = 0.354, p 2 of 13%. Plant biomass moderately affects number of pod (R = 0.494, p p p p p > 0.6, p the number of seeds present (R = 0.551, p 2 of 30%. Qualitative traits have no effect on each other as all coefficients are very low. Pod constriction and sizes have no relationship (R = -0.029). Tolerance to diseases is not affected by any qualitative trait. Also, no trait determines seed colour. Pubescence of young and mature leaflets recorded the only high positive correlation among all qualitative traits (R = 0.837, p = 0.01). However, leaf and stem pubescence have no relationship. The following traits significantly depend on cultivar type: disease tolerance (χ2 = 17.93, p = 0.000), plant survivorship (χ2 = 39.97, p = 0.000) and pod yield (χ2 = 69.695, p = 0.008). Seed yield has been predicted in a fit model with R2 of 51% and significant p values (p < 0.05) among some predictors. When appropriately applied, the information provided in this report may be useful to groundnut growers and breeders as well those interested in systematic studies of the crop.

Arachis hypogaea

Trait

10.4236/ajps.2018.97112

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Citations (1)