Introduction : Nutrition is vital in caring for critically ill patients, with malnutrition closely linked to poor prognosis in ICU treatment. Objectives This study aims to establish the correlation between energy intake and infection occurrence among critically ill ICU patients undergoing medical nutrition therapy at Central General Hospital (RSUP) Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo. Methods : This is a retrospective cohort study on critically ill ICU patients at RSUP Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar, conducted from September to November 2023. The sample comprises all critical patients treated in the ICU from January 2020 to December 2022 who meet the inclusion criteria. Analysis employs One Way Anova Test and T-Test for normally distributed data, or Kruskall Wallis and Mann Whitney tests otherwise. Results : Based on the research findings, a significant correlation was found between the use of enteral and parenteral nutrition methods and the KJS or Non KJS group (p < 0.000). Specifically, enteral nutrition methods showed a significant relationship with the KJS or Non KJS group (p < 0.000), while parenteral nutrition methods also displayed a significant association (p < 0.007). Adequate energy intake is crucial for the recovery of ICU patients at RSUP dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo, with medical nutritional therapy, including enteral or parenteral nutrition, playing a supportive role in ensuring patients receive sufficient nutrition. Conclusions : Despite similar nutritional intake, KJS patients exhibited superior bodily response, indicating the crucial role of nutritional synergy in enhancing therapy efficacy and patient outcomes.
Background: Metabolic syndrome is rising among all age groups due to diets high in fats, common in Indonesia. While these diets can worsen insulin resistance, virgin coconut oil, prominent in the Nusantara diet, may improve it. This study evaluates the impact of the Archipelago Diet on insulin resistance, using the TyG Index, aiming to develop dietary strategies for managing metabolic syndrome. Methods: This study is an experimental study, with a parallel clinical trial, with a pre-posttest randomised design and open trial study to compare insulin resistance from HOMA-IR values between groups. The study subjects were 50 people selected according to the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria and then divided into two groups, namely the intervention group and the control group, each consisting of 25 subjects. Results: The results showed that after 2 months of Nusantara diet, there was a decrease in body weight, body mass index (BMI), and abdominal circumference in the intervention group compared to the control group. Specifically, the intervention group experienced a 3.2% decrease in body weight, a 3.1% decrease in BMI, and a 4.2% decrease in abdominal circumference. The control group experienced a 1.1% decrease in body weight, 0.7% decrease in BMI, and 1.1% decrease in abdominal circumference. Conclusion: The Nusantara diet for 2 months showed no significant effect on the TyG Index of individuals at risk of metabolic syndrome.
The complexity of globalization, including the global food trade market, has the side effect that various raw foodstuffs are vulnerable to intentional and unintentional adulteration. However, food validation and standardization approaches are still unclear and challenging and need to be explored. Through this opinion article, the author would like to introduce a foodomics approach (Food, -Omics) to facilitate integrated food authenticity verification through biosensors. This approach is potentially suitable and offers more valuable accuracy as it combines biological analysis methods spanning genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Meanwhile, several subdisciplines of Foodomics, such as metallomics, volatomics, and lipidomics, which are considered feasible to facilitate the verification of food authenticity, are also explored in this critical opinion. Foodomics consists of four main omics technologies, namely genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. This is an integration of promising approaches to provide standardized food matrices, thus becoming the most likely strategy to verify the authenticity of food. However, after trying to uncover this food authentication problem and provide a Foodomics approach, we felt the need for synergies in building a database capable of storing food matrices in the form of unique genes, bioactive peptides, and secondary metabolites. We hope that through this opinion article, the target database can be formed, although databases such as MEDLINE and PubChem have provided this data facility. In particular, we suggest the development of nanobiosensors that should undoubtedly be environmentally friendly and portable (making use of smartphones) and creating a cloud database capable of storing food matrices in the form of unique genes, bioactive peptides, and secondary metabolites, integrated with smartphone biosensors. Finally, as a result, the researcher tries to answer this database problem so that foodomics integrated with the database can solve the problem of detecting fraud and counterfeiting of foodstuffs.
Background & aims: Vitamin D supplementation as an immunomodulator has been identified as a potential strategy to prevent and treat Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to analyze the effect of 10,000 IU vitamin D3 supplementation on 25(OH)D levels on primary clinical outcomes (conversion length), inflammatory markers (Total Lymphocyte Count (TLC), Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR)) and coagulation marker (D-Dimer) in moderate COVID-19 patients at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar, Indonesia. Methods: We conducted a single-blind randomized-controlled trial on the confirmed moderate COVID-19 patients above 18 years old and low vitamin D status. Each of intervention and control groups were supplemented of 10,000 IU and 1000 IU cholecalciferol that taken daily for 2 weeks. Levels of 25(OH)D were analyzed for the primary endpoint (conversion length), then correlated to secondary endpoints (Length of Stay (LOS)), clinical manifestations improvement, and markers TLC, NLR, PLR, and D-Dimer serum, handgrip strength (HGS) as functional capacity measurement, after adjusted to age, sex, nutritional status based on body mass index (BMI) and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tool, comorbidities, and anti-coagulant administration. Results: The Vitamin D3 supplementation of 10,000 IU and 1000 IU could significantly increase 25(OH)D levels compared to the control group of 1000 IU (4.61+5.43 vs. -0.29+2.72; P <0.0001) and it was correlated to primary clinical outcome, which is length of conversion (6.53+1.17 vs 10.47+2.56; P < 0.0001). The increase in HGS (6.61+3.01 vs. 4.04+4.44; P = 0.011), LOS (11.63+2.5 vs. 14.73+3.45; P = 0.001), and improvement in clinical manifestations were found to be significant in both groups. Conclusion: Supplementation of vitamin D3 10,000 IU in moderate COVID-19 patients had a significant effect on 25(OH)D level, length of conversion, LOS, functional capacity, and PLR levels, but it has negative correlation in TLC, NLR, and D-Dimer levels.
Introduction: Wound healing is an integrated response to tissue injury. A hyperglycemic state can lead to delayed wound healing process. Snakehead fish (Channa striata) is native freshwater fish of South East Asia that contains high protein, albumin, and several micronutrients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of snakehead fish extract on acute wound healing process in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats.Methods: This study was an experimental trial on the hyperglycemic animal model. Thirty male Wistar streptozotocin-induced rats were divided into two groups which were then given snakehead fish extract (Pujimin Plus®) 81mg a day for 10 days after wound infliction in intervention group and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (Na-CMC) in control group. On day 0, day 3, and day 10 after wound infliction, the histological changes (number of neutrophil and fibroblast, and vascular changes of the wounded tissues) of each group were analyzed. Assessments were also made on erythema and crust formation by the visual scores.Results: Our study showed a significant increase in the number of fibroblasts on day 3 in the snakehead fish extract group compared to control group (40.33 ± 10.13 vs. 24.60 ± 10.25, p =0.04). There were no significant differences in vasculature and neutrophil numbers. The results also showed snakehead fish extract could decrease mean erythema visual score on day 3 (3.24 ± 0.25 vs. 3.64 ± 0.35) and decreased crust formation on day 5 (3.36 ± 0.75 vs 3.44 ± 0.83).Conclusions: Snakehead fish extract has potential effect to accelerate the wound healing process by increasing fibroblast, decreasing erythema, and decreasing crust formation in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic rats.
INTRODUCTION: The management of malnutrition plays a pivotal role in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Laboratory indices routinely examined such as monocyte-to lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index may be of importance to evaluate nutrition intervention and/or overall therapy of in-patient pulmonary tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the effects of medical nutrition therapy on monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and prognostic nutritional index in hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis patients METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on pulmonary TB patients who underwent medical nutrition therapy at Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital between 2018 and 2020. Data were collected and extracted from eligible subjects’ medical records for analysis RESULTS: Out of 418 pulmonary TB patients who were institutionalized in the period, data from 133 subjects who underwent medical nutrition therapy and met inclusion criteria were extracted. All subjects were malnourished either moderately or severely based on Subjective Global Assessment. All subjects showed significant improvement in all three indices namely monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index at the end medical nutrition therapy. Improvement magnitude of monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is higher if levels of average energy and protein intake are >1500 kcal and >75 gram, respectively CONCLUSION: Medical nutrition therapy plays a crucial role in hospitalized pulmonary tuberculosis patients’ clinical improvement as shown by monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index.
Anemia pada remaja putri merupakan salah satu masalah gizi utama di negara berkembang apalagi pada mereka yang bermukim di wilayah endemik malaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai faktor yang berperan dalam kejadian anemia pada remaja putri di wilayah endemik malaria. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional yang dirancang dalam bentuk survei pada wilayah kabupaten, pada setiap kecamatan dipilih beberapa desa yang dilakukan dalam bentuk cluster. Terdapat 314 sampel remaja putri yang terpilih dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, anamnesa malaria, pemeriksaan darah untuk hemoglobin, dan formulir frekuensi makanan. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Ditemukan prevalensi anemia sebesar 29,9%. Responden dengan pola makan bervariasi lebih sedikit yang anemia (10,2% vs 33,6%) (p=0,001). Responden yang tidak terbiasa sarapan pagi lebih banyak yang anemia (44,3% vs 26,5%) (p=0,006). Dan yang pernah menderita gejala malaria klinis dalam tiga bulan terakhir hampir dua kali lebih banyak yang anemia (45,1% vs 27,0%) (p=0,010). Sedangkan berdasarkan penghasilan keluarga ditemukan pula bahwa remaja putri dengan penghasilan keluarga yang rendah lebih banyak yang anemia (32,5% vs 24,8%) (p=0,156). Sebagai kesimpulan bahwa pola konsumsi pangan, kebiasaan sarapan pagi, dan penyakit malaria memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan anemia pada remaja putri di wilayah endemik malaria.
Enhalus arcoides is a highly beneficial type of seagrass. Prior studies have presented proof of the bioactivity of E. acoroides, suggesting its potential to combat cancer. Therefore, this study aims to delve deeper into E. acoroides bioactive molecule profiles and their direct biological anticancer activities potentials through the combination of in-silico and in-vitro studies. This study conducted metabolite profile analysis on E. acoroides utilizing HPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS analysis. Two extraction techniques, ethanol and hexane, were employed for the extraction process. Furthermore, the in-silico study was conducted using molecular docking simulations on the HER2, EGFR tyrosine kinase and HIF-1α protein receptor. Afterward, the antioxidant activity of E. acoroides metabolites was examined to ABTS, and the antiproliferative activity was tested using an MTT assay. An in-silico study revealed its ability to combat breast cancer by inhibiting the HER2/EGFR/HIF-1α pathway through molecular docking. In addition, the MTT assay demonstrated that higher dosages of metabolites from E. acoroides increased the effectiveness of toxicity against cancer cell lines. Additionally, the study demonstrated that the metabolites possess the ability to function as potent antioxidants, effectively inhibiting a series of carcinogenic mechanisms. Ultimately, this study showed a new approach to unveiling the E. acoroides metabolites’ anticancer activity through inhibiting HER2/EGFR/HIF-1α receptors, with great cytotoxicity and a potent antioxidant property to prevent a carcinogenic cascade.
Severe malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes and higher mortality in Tuberculosis (TB) patients. Due to the inflammatory process, TB patients are in hypercatabolic conditions which caused increased nutritional requirements. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of inflammatory status that can be used to determine the outcome of TB patients. A 53-year-old male patient with severe protein-energy malnutrition (body mass index 14.5 kg/m,2) suffers from a lung abscess due to tuberculosis (TB) suspected being treated at the infection center of Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. Oral intake decreased due to shortness of breath and loss of appetite. Physical examination showed conjunctival anemia, loss of subcutaneous fat, lung rales, and muscle wasting. Laboratory assessments showed hypoalbuminemia (1.8 g/dl), hyponatremia (126 mmol/L), leukocytosis (26,100/ɥl), neutrophilia (19,600/ɥl, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte/NLR ratio 4.2), anemia (9,6 g/dl), and elevated liver enzymes (SGOT 90 U/L and SGPT 114 U/L). Nutrition therapy was given gradually with a target calorie of 1700–2300 kcal and protein 1.5–2 g/ideal body weight/day using regular food, high protein formula, and amino acids (parenteral nutrition). After 12 days of nutrition treatment, the patient was discharged from the hospital without shortness of breath, adequate nutritional intake, improved anthropometric parameters, and laboratory test results (leukocytes 9000/ɥl, neutrophil 4698/ɥl, NLR 1.6, albumin 3.0 g/dl, Hb 10.5 g/dl, and sodium 135 mmol/L). Nutritional therapy is essential in TB patient's hypercatabolic states. By achieving nutritional requirements, there can be changes in the value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio so that it alters the course and the outcome of TB disease. Severe malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes and higher mortality in Tuberculosis (TB) patients. TB patients are in hypercatabolic conditions due to the inflammatory process so that they have increased nutritional requirements. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of inflammatory status that can be used to determine the outcome of TB patients. The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
'%3e%3cpath fill='%23012169' d='M0 0v30h60V0z'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='6' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='4' d='m0 0 60 30m0-30L0 30' clip-path='url(%23b)'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='10' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3cpath stroke='%23C8102E' stroke-width='6' d='M30 0v30M0 15h60'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)