O ambiente educacional sofreu diversas transformações nas últimas décadas, dentre elas, o alto índice de competitividade em detrimento do surgimento de novas instituições de ensino superior dos setores privado e público. Um dos possíveis diferenciais da instituição seria o fortalecimento de sua marca perante seus stakeholders internos (alunos, funcionários, professores) e externos (governo, órgãos de fomento, concorrentes). Uma das formas de identificar o comportamento da marca seria atribuir a ela características humanas, posto que o consumidor tomaria sua decisão compatibilizando a mesma com sua própria personalidade. Portanto, o objetivo do trabalho é avaliar a personalidade de marca da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia sob a ótica de seus alunos e egressos dos cursos de Graduação situados nos campi da cidade de Uberlândia-MG. A pesquisa tem abordagem quantitativa descritiva e amostragem aleatória simples. A coleta de dados é pautada no método survey. O instrumento utilizado é a Escala de Dimensões de Personalidade de Marca proposta por Muniz e Marchetti (2012), os quais moldaram a escala de Aaker (1997) ao contexto brasileiro. Os resultados evidenciam que a personalidade de marca UFU é percebida, precipuamente, pela dimensão Credibilidade, com destaque às afirmações “Eu acredito que a UFU é respeitável”, “Eu acredito que a UFU é responsável” e “Eu acredito que a UFU é confiável”; segundamente, Audácia, com ênfase nas características atualizada, criativa e moderna e, por último, Diversão.
Background. Alcohol is the most widely consumed psychoactive substance worldwide. In Portugal, alcohol consumption is deeply embedded in social and cultural practices, contributing to high prevalence rates among university students, with binge drinking emerging as a predominant consumption pattern. Despite the associations between this drinking behaviour and numerous social, physical, and psychological problems, research on alcohol consumption in Portuguese university populations remains limited. Thus, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive description of alcohol use patterns among a large sample of Portuguese university students, focusing on adolescents and young adults. Methods. A total of 1,746 students, aged 17-24 years, were surveyed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and additional questionnaires regarding socio-demographic information, alcohol and illicit drug use, smoking habits, and alcohol cravings. Students were classified into five drinking groups: Abstainers (16.8%), Moderate Drinkers (35.1%), Hazardous Drinkers (25.8%), Binge Drinkers (20.8%), and Dependent Drinkers (1.5%). Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, group comparisons, and multinomial logistic regressions to obtain Odds Ratios (ORs) for group membership. Results. Alcohol consumption was reported by 83.2% of students over the past year. Nearly 47% of students revealed harmful drinking patterns, and 1.5% exhibited symptoms of alcohol dependence. A progressive increase in the severity of alcohol consumption characteristics was observed across the groups, with Dependent Drinkers reporting the highest levels overall. Significant predictors of group membership included polydrug use, standard weekly consumption, earlier drinking onset, and higher levels of alcohol craving. Polydrug use, reported by 27.3% of students, was the strongest predictor for being a Hazardous Drinker (OR = 10.75), Binge Drinker (OR = 13.20), and Dependent Drinker (OR = 21.40). Binge Drinkers displayed standard weekly consumption and craving levels comparable to Dependent Drinkers, while Moderate Drinkers exhibited the least risky patterns, including a later age of onset of drinking. Male students reported significantly greater consumption and craving levels than their female peers. Conclusions. This study highlights the prevalence of harmful drinking behaviours among Portuguese university students and identifies critical risk factors, such as polydrug use and early drinking onset. These findings underscore the need for prevention programmes focused on delaying the onset of alcohol use, reducing polydrug use, and promoting healthier behaviours within academic settings.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is commonly associated with marked memory deficits; however, nonamnestic variants have been consistently described as well. Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) is a progressive degenerative condition in which posterior regions of the brain are predominantly affected, therefore resulting in a pattern of distinctive and marked visuospatial symptoms, such as apraxia, alexia, and spatial neglect. Despite the growing number of studies on cognitive and neural bases of the visual variant of AD, intervention studies remain relatively sparse. Current pharmacological treatments offer modest efficacy. Also, there is a scarcity of complementary nonpharmacological interventions with only two previous studies of PCA. Here we describe a highly educated 57-year-old patient diagnosed with a visual variant of AD who participated in a cognitive intervention program (comprising reality orientation, cognitive stimulation, and cognitive training exercises). Neuropsychological assessment was performed across moments (baseline, postintervention, follow-up) and consisted mainly of verbal and visual memory. Baseline neuropsychological assessment showed deficits in perceptive and visual-constructive abilities, learning and memory, and temporal orientation. After neuropsychological rehabilitation, we observed small improvements in the patient's cognitive functioning, namely in verbal memory, attention, and psychomotor abilities. This study shows evidence of small beneficial effects of cognitive intervention in PCA and is the first report of this approach with a highly educated patient in a moderate stage of the disease. Controlled studies are needed to assess the potential efficacy of cognition-focused approaches in these patients, and, if relevant, to grant their availability as a complementary therapy to pharmacological treatment and visual aids.
Alcohol craving has been described as a strong subjective desire to drink, being considered highly valuable in the clinical practice, as it is recognized as a strong predictor of alcohol relapse in alcohol-dependent individuals. However, to date, there is not a multifactorial questionnaire available for assessing short-term acute craving experience in Portugal. The aim of the present study was to validate a swift and efficient tool for the assessment of acute alcohol craving in a sample of Portuguese citizens. For that purpose, the Alcohol Craving Questionnaire-Short Form-Revised (ACQ-SF-R) was translated into European Portuguese and administered to a sample of 591 college participants with ages between 18 and 30 years. Results suggested that a three-factor model (i.e., Emotionality, Purposefulness, and Compulsivity) proved to be most suitable for the Portuguese sample. Overall, the ACQ-SF-R exhibited good psychometric properties, having a good internal consistency both for the general craving index (Cronbach's α = 0.85) and each subscale (Cronbach's α = 0.66-0.83), as well as an appropriate convergent validity with the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (r = 0.65, p<0.001), suggesting a good construct validity. In addition, the ACQ-SF-R also showed a good concurrent validity with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (r = 0.57, p<0.001), indicating that risky alcohol use patterns are associated with increased craving scores in the ACQ-SF-R. Collectively, these findings suggest that the Portuguese version of the ACQ-SF-R can accurately measure alcohol craving at a multifactorial level, being a valid and reliable tool to use in Portuguese samples in research settings.
Several studies have documented the high prevalence of psychopathology and behavior problems in Williams syndrome (WS). However, the links between cognitive development and such symptoms need further clarification. Our study aims to expand current knowledge on levels of behavior problems and its links to cognition in a sample of Brazilian individuals with WS. A total of 25 children and adolescents with WS and their parents participated in this study. The participants' IQs were assessed with the Wechsler Scales of Intelligence (for children or adults) and parental reports of psychopathology/behavior problems were collected using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The presence of clinically significant attention problems was a main feature in our sample of children and adolescents with WS. In the children, higher IQ scores were found to be significantly associated with less externalizing problems, while in the adolescents cognitive abilities were found to be associated with less internalizing symptoms. These results provide further insight into the links between psychopathology and behavior problems and cognitive abilities in WS, and suggest the need to take age into consideration when analyzing such relationships.