Abstract The relationship between robots and humans is becoming increasingly intimate and will continue to become an integral part of life, with robots working together with human beings. In teamwork, individual decision making for others is influenced by morality and reputation. However, the effect of individuals’ decision making for others in human-robot collaborative teams remains unclear, and individuals may have different degrees of consideration for morality and reputation when making decisions for robots or humans. This research conducted three experiments based on Gneezy and Potters' investment decision-making experimental paradigm and compared the influence mechanisms of morality and reputation on decision making for others in human teams and human-robot teams. Experiment 1 verifies that when the individual decision-making objects were robots and human beings, the decision making for others was different, When the decision object is a robot, the risk preference of the decision making for others’ behavior is higher .Experiment 2 verifies that morality and reputation are the influencing factors of the differences in the decision making for others. Experiment 3 proposes the mechanism of the difference between the decision making for others in a human team and a human-robot team. That is, in a human-robot team, reputation is a mediating variable of the influence of morality on the decision making for others, while in a human team, there is no such mediating effect. The research results show that people's decision making for others is influenced by their cooperation partner. When the cooperation partner is a robot, the risk preference of the decision making for others is higher because of the low constraint of social morality. However, if a good reputation is maintained for morality considerations, then the risk preference of the decision making for others will be reduced.
Population aging is increasingly serious. The application of social robots for home-based elder care is an important way to solve this problem. Aging adults’ demands for social robots’ companionship affect robotic designs. This study aimed to investigate aging adults’ demands for social robots’ companionship and explored in which life situations it was appropriate to accompany aging adults by social robots. This study involved three phases. Phase 1 (an interview survey) collected the life situations in which aging adults lived alone at home. Based on the results of Phase 1, Phase 2 (a questionnaire survey) investigated aging adults’ demands for companionship, whereas Phase 3 (an expert evaluation) investigated the feasibility of the robots’ companionship for aging adults. After the three phases, this study compared aging adults’ demands for companionship with the feasibility of social robots’ companionship in each life situation. Based on the results, the life situations of dinning and watching TV, there was a greater likelihood that the companionship that aging adults needed might be provided by social robots. In the life situations of sleeping and short breaking, it was difficult that aging adults’ demands for companionship were fulfilled by social robots. Implications were discussed for home-based elder care system.
We combined the topics of shared leadership, which is a relatively new form of leadership adopted in virtual team management, and tie strength, which affects members' behaviors in online communities, to investigate how they are correlated in a social media context. We conducted 2 experiments involving 64 participants; the first involved close friends and the second, new encounters. The 2 relationship contexts were compared to explore the effects of interpersonal relationships on shared leadership behaviors. Results indicated that in the high-tie-strength (close friend) context, there was a positive correlation between tie strength and directive leadership, whereas in the low-tie-strength (new encounter) context, there was a positive correlation between tie strength and both positive feedback and social leadership. Thus, in the context of team management on social media websites, we suggest that people adjust their leadership behavior according to the interpersonal relationships exhibited among team members.
Situation awareness (SA) is the ability to perceive, comprehend and project environmental information. Neural activity is closely associated with SA. However, it remains unclear how neural activity represents SA at different levels. Here, three tasks were used to assess SA at three levels, behavioural and electroencephalogram data were collected. Relationships between SA and neural activity were explored through comparisons of EEG power between high and low SA. For each SA level, EEG power significantly differed between high and low SA. Brain region-based analyses further revealed neural activities originating from distinct brain regions were recruited to represent SA at different levels. These EEG pattern features differed between high and low SA could be used to decode SA with the KNN (k-nearest neighbour) classifier. The present study marked a significant step in augmenting our understanding of the neural mechanism that characterise SA.
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