Abstract The rapid urbanization and industrialization is causing worldwide water pollution, calling for advanced cleaning methods. For instance, pollutant adsorption on magnetic oxides is efficient and very practical due to the easy separation from solutions by an magnetic field. Here we review the synthesis and performance of magnetic oxides such as iron oxides, spinel ferrites, and perovskite oxides for water remediation. We present structural, optical, and magnetic properties. Magnetic oxides are also promising photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants. Antimicrobial activities and adsorption of heavy metals and radionucleides are also discussed.
Abstract In the present study we reported, for the first time, the gamma irradiation induced synthesis of chitosan/Au/bioactive glass (CS/Au/BG) nanocomposite. The bioactive glass (BG), with the composition 45% SiO 2 , 32.5% CaO, 15% Na 2 O, and 7.5% P 2 O 5 wt% was synthesized through the sol–gel technique. XRD, SEM, EDX, and elemental mapping images were utilized to evaluate the structure of pure BG and CS/Au/BG nanocomposite. The antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated by zone of inhibition (ZOI), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), growth curve assay, and Ultraviolet irradiation effect. Investigation was carried on the antibiofilm effectiveness. Membrane leakage as well as SEM imaging were used to evaluate the antibacterial reaction mechanism. The crystallite size of CS/Au/BG nanocomposite was determined via Scherer equation as 22.83 nm. CS/Au/BG possessed the most ZOI activity against the tested microbes. The highest inhibition % of BG, and CS/Au/BG nanocomposite was investigated for S. aureus (15.65%, and 77.24%), followed by C. albicans (13.32%, and 64.75%). The quantity of protein leakage was directly-proportional after increasing the concentration of BG, and CS/Au/BG and counted to be 70.58, and 198.25 µg/mL, respectively (after applied 10 mg/mL). The promising results suggested the use of novel CS/Au/BG nanocomposite as an encourage candidate for wastewater treatment application against pathogenic microbes.
Abstract Herein, rod-like shape of Ag 2 WO 4 was synthesized using the co-precipitation approach. These rods were mixed with PVC using the solution casting process to create a PVC/Ag 2 WO 4 nanocomposite film. The effect of exposing the PVC/Ag 2 WO 4 nanocomposite film to varying doses of the electron beam (E-beam) irradiation (0, 25, 50, and 100) kGy on its structural, optical, thermal, electric modulus, complex impedance, and dielectric properties was investigated. XRD results showed that Ag 2 WO 4 has mixed phases. The optical properties have been addressed. The thermal evaluations were performed at three distinct heating rates: 6, 8, and 10 °C/min. In the same context, the thermal activation energy (E a ) of the unirradiated PVC/Ag 2 WO 4 nanocomposite films increased from 12.89 to 31.17 kJ/mol with the increase in E-beam irradiation doses. As a result, E-beam irradiation reduces the values of the real (ɛ′) and imaginary (ε″) components of PVC/Ag 2 WO 4 nanocomposite films. The electric modulus analyses showed that the magnitude of the grain capacitance increased as the E-beam doses increased, while the magnitude of the grain boundary capacitance exhibited a decreasing trend. Meanwhile, a progressive reduction in the diameter of the two semicircular arcs for complex impedance analyses was observed as the doses of E-beam irradiation increase.