Mark Garnett

Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre

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Peter Dorey

Cardiff University

Philip Lynch

University of Leicester

David Denver

Lancaster University

Andrew Denham

University of Nottingham

Patrick Diamond

Queen Mary University of London

Simon Mabon

Lancaster University

Kevin M. Hickson

Institut des Sciences Moléculaires

Robert Smith

Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry

Robert C. Smith

The Graduate Center, CUNY

Kevin Hickson

Queen Elizabeth Hospital

Cooperative Institutions

Lancaster University

University of Leeds

University of Manchester

University of Nottingham

University of London

University of St Andrews

Queen Mary University of London

Durham University

Universidad de Londres

University of Southern California

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Book reviews

Contemporary Record (1994)

Mark Garnett Peter S Morris

Westminster's World: Understanding Political Roles. By Donald D. Searing. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1994. Pp.498; £34.95 (hardback). ISBN 0 674 95072 0 Gouvernement et politique en Grande Bretagne. By Jacques Leruez. Paris: Presses de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques et Dalloz, 1989. Pp.402; FF 186. ISBN 2 247 01026 1 Le Phénomène Thatcher. By Jacques Leruez. Paris: Editions Complexe, 1991. Pp.306. ISBN 2 87027 366 X

10.1080/13619469408581322

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From the ‘cycle of enrichment’ to the ‘cycle of deprivation’: Sir Keith Joseph, ‘problem families’ and the transmission of disadvantage

Journal of Poverty and Social Justice (2002)

Andrew Denham Mark Garnett

By the time he became Secretary of State for Social Services in June 1970, Sir Keith Joseph had a long-standing interest in child poverty, ‘problem families’ and social deprivation. This article traces the origins of Sir Keith’s concern with the ‘cycle of deprivation’ and examines the development of his thinking on the subject before 1970. It then discusses the immediate background to his keynote speech to the Pre-School Playgroups Association in June 1972. The final section examines why Sir Keith chose (or was obliged) to return to the theme of a putative ‘cycle of deprivation’ on several occasions between the Conservative defeat of February 1974 and his death in December 1994.

Disadvantage

Theme (computing)

10.51952/jgrr5465

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Enoch Powell

Manchester University Press eBooks (2013)

Mark Garnett Kevin M. Hickson

This chapter highlights the twin ideological traditions that John Enoch Powell attempted to integrate into a coherent whole. These traditions were economic liberalism and traditional toryism. The chapter outlines Powell's main political principles and how these applied to the broad range of policies he addressed as an MP inside and outside of Parliament. It evaluates these ideas and discusses various criticisms made of Powell's political viewpoint. After the defeat of the Conservative Government, Powell asserted his belief that a clear choice existed in economic policy between socialism, which would continue to limit freedom as it had done under governments of both Labour and Conservative, and capitalism. Powell was to remain steadfast in his opposition to any measures he regarded as weakening the sovereignty of Westminster over Ulster and thought the Anglo-Irish Agreement signed by Margaret Thatcher a betrayal of Ulster.

Betrayal

Opposition (politics)

10.7765/9781847792990.00008

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Reviving Conservatism

Mark Garnett

Cub's anticipation of a Conservative defeat in the 1945 general election was a remarkable piece of forecasting, given his distance from the contest. Even more notable was his insouciant response to the outcome. Conservative strength in the Commons had been reduced to less than half the figure after the 1935 contest – 213 as opposed to 432 – and there was carnage in the senior ranks. Of those who served in Churchill's 1945 caretaker administration, 32 were now out of Parliament; 13 of these had held cabinet rank. Cub must have been one of very few Conservatives to choose the word “interesting” to describe this development. His analysis implied that the axe had fallen mostly on the party's old guard who were discredited in the eyes of the public, but naturally most of the survivors came from safe, traditional Conservative constituencies which tended to field safe, “traditional” Conservative candidates. Although after the election the average age of Conservative MPs was 41 years 4 months – more than four years below the Labour figure – the purge had claimed many young victims, notably the thirty-six year-old Peter Thorneycroft. Indeed the party had lost the services of over half the 41 MPs associated with the Tory Reform Committee, which during the war had emerged as the most progressive and promising Conservative grouping; Harold Macmillan, whose Middle Way was admired so much by Cub, had lost Stockton.

CONTEST

Conservatism

Cabinet (room)

House of Commons

10.1017/upo9781844653218.006

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“One Nation”

Mark Garnett

On 2 March 1950 – less than a month before his thirty-eighth birthday – Cub was sworn in as a Member of Parliament. However, he had yet to reach the House of Commons: this was still being restored after war damage, so the MPs gathered in the “gothic splendour” of the House of Lords. At first Cub was uneasy in his seat; for some reason, at the start of every day's proceedings he “felt a slight quiver of apprehension – since it must, I thought, be a dream – that some burly Door-Keeper would tap me on the shoulder, seize me by the scruff of my neck and [drag] me through the great brass doors”.

House of Commons

Apprehension

Doors

10.1017/upo9781844653218.007

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Alport: A Study in Loyalty

Mark Garnett

In a remarkable political career that spanned more than half a century, Lord Alport of Colchester was at the heart of British politics. From Member of Parliament to minister, from diplomat to peer, the story of Alport's career is a fascinating inside account of party politics, political machinations, and Britain finding a new role in the world. As Rab Butler's right-hand man; founder of the hugely influential One Nation group; Minister for Commonwealth Relations; British High Commissioner in the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland at the height of Britain's struggle with its imperial past; and throughout the Thatcher and Major administrations a formidable critic of the party he had served since 1936, Alport's biography provides an assessment not just of the political fortunes of one man but of the Conservative Party as a whole. Drawing on interviews with participants as well as extensive archival research the book is an important addition to the literature on postwar British politics and the history of the Conservative Party.

Commonwealth

Source

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David Willettts

Manchester University Press eBooks (2013)

Mark Garnett Kevin M. Hickson

David Willetts's contribution to Conservatism is more substantial than that of anyone else at a senior level in the Party since the downfall of Margaret Thatcher in 1990. This chapter analyses the ways in which Willetts's ideas and the wider ideas of the Conservative Party have developed since November 1990. It examines the ideas of civic conservatism, what it is, how consistent and coherent it is and the extent to which its core ideas allow for a Conservative ideological revival. Willetts attempted to establish a synthesis between free markets and community in his book, Modern Conservatism, first through a reappraisal of the post-war history of the Conservative Party. The decentralisation of power may be a good thing in that citizens can become active in their communities, but some communities may not be able to meet welfare needs.

Conservatism

10.7765/9781847792990.00014

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Quintin Hogg, Lord Hailsham

Manchester University Press eBooks (2013)

Mark Garnett Kevin M. Hickson

Quintin Hogg, Lord Hailsham, developed political ambitions at an early age. The Tory Reform Committee, which proceeded to issue a series of pamphlets on such topical issues as workmen's compensation, civil aviation, agriculture and land utilisation. In a contemporary account, Hogg reported that the committee 'has a proper executive to prepare its agenda, and meets every Wednesday evening in the House of Commons to discuss current affairs and to take common action on all business in the coming week'. In 1947 Hogg was asked to write a Penguin 'special', setting out The Case for Conservatism. It is probably his best-known book, and contains some memorable aphorisms. In debate on the Labour's 1968 Race Relations Bill, Hogg argued unavailingly that its terms should be extended to outlaw all irrelevant forms of discrimination, and he spoke eloquently against Enoch Powell at the 1968 party conference.

House of Commons

Conservatism

10.7765/9781847792990.00007

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Notes

Mark Garnett

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10.1017/upo9781844653218.013

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Labour and the Historians - D. Tanner: Political Change and the Labour Party 1900–1918, Cambridge University Press, 1990, 469 pp., £45.00. - P. Williamson: National Crisis and National Government, Cambridge University Press, 1992, 541 pp., £60.00. - K. Theakston: The Labour Party and Whitehall, London, Routledge, 1991, 206 pp., £35.00.

Government and Opposition (1992)

Mark Garnett

National government

10.1017/s0017257x00016286

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