Summary— The first suprapubic prostatectomy in Britain was performed in the General Infirmary at Leeds on 24 March 1887 by Arthur Fergusson McGill. During 1887 six other prostatectomies were performed by McGill and his colleagues. Before he died in 1890 McGill had performed complete enucleation of an adenomatous prostate.
A 7-year-old neutered male Somali cat, bred in Western Australia, was presented for investigation of jaundice and severe anaemia. Splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were evident on physical examination. Severe anaemia, along with leukopenia and increased liver enzymes, were present on laboratory evaluation. Clinical investigation identified cholangitis and treatment for this resolved the jaundice but failed to resolve the anaemia. Treatment for Mycoplamsa haemofelis was administered concurrently. Genetic testing was then performed and pyruvate kinase deficiency was identified, the first time this has been reported in an Australian cat. Treatment with immunosuppressive medication was not successful.
Reflection on the nature of practical thought has led some philosophers to hold that some beliefs have a necessary influence on the will. Reflection on the nature of motivational explanation has led other philosophers to say that no belief can motivate without the assistance of a background desire. An assumption common to both groups of philosophers is that these views cannot be combined. Agreement on this assumption is so deep that it is taken as going without saying. The only option entertained is which of the views to reject. This way of thinking, I argue, is directly responsible for the deadlock between Humeans like Donald Davidson and Michael Smith, and anti-Humeans like Thomas Nagel and John McDowell. But there is an antidote. The traditional Greek conception of practical reason gives us an attractive way of holding both that all beliefs require assistance and that certain beliefs entail a disposition of the will.
A personal series of 50 radical cystectomies has been reviewed to decide whether it is a justifiable operation and, if so, when it should be performed. In spite of the fact that radical cystectomy had a higher operative mortality than simple cystectomy and was sometimes followed by lymphoedema, in patients with invaded iliac lymph nodes it was followed by a 25% 5-year survival. It appears, therefore, to be a justifiable procedure. It is recommended that simple cystectomy should be performed for patients with papillomatosis, carcinoma in situ, and as a salvage procedure after radiotherapy has failed, and that radical cystectomy should be reserved for elective cases in of invasive vesical tumours, and for those patients who are found at exploration to have obvious metastic deposits in the iliac lymph nodes.
BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common chronic joint diseases and a leading cause of pain and disability in Australia. A National Osteoarthritis Strategy (the Strategy) was developed to outline a national plan to achieve optimal health outcomes for people at risk of, or with, OA. OBJECTIVE: This article focuses on the theme of advanced care of patients with OA within the Strategy. DISCUSSION: The Strategy was developed in consultation with a leadership group, thematic working groups, an implementation advisory committee, multisectoral stakeholders and the public. This Strategy identified three priorities in advanced care for osteoarthritis. In brief, these include surgical decision making, referral for evidence-informed non-surgical alternatives and surgical services. A set of goals within these priority areas and strategies was also proposed by the working group in consultation with stakeholders nationwide. Peak arthritis bodies and major healthcare professional associations currently endorse the Strategy.
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