Introduction The two most common types of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD). Although these diseases mainly affect the intestinal system, they can also affect other systems, especially the vascular system. The objective of this study is to evaluate ocular microvascular and structural changes in IBD. Methods A total of 42 patients with IBD (22 UC and 20 CD) followed in the gastroenterology clinic and 42 healthy controls matched for gender and age were enrolled in the study. All participants underwent optical coherence tomography angiography. Macular vessel density, central retinal, and choroidal thicknesses were measured. Results No significant differences were observed between IBD patients and control subjects as regards superficial vascular plexus density, deep vascular plexus density, and choriocapillaris vascular density, retinal and choroidal thickness in the macular area ( p > .05). Although not statistically significant, vascular density generally increased. On the other hand, retinal and choroidal thickness were decreased. Conclusion It could be said that there is a reactive increase in retinal vascular density and a decrease in retinal and choroidal thickness as a result of atherosclerotic changes in IBD.
Arginine has been used by millions of athletes over the past 20 years to enhance production of human growth hormone. The effects of arginine supplementation include increased fat burning and muscle building, enhanced immunity, and improvement in erectile function in men. Excessive doses of basic amino acids such as ethionine, methionine and lysine are known to damage the rat pancreas. Recent studies have demonstrated that excessive doses of arginine induce necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. In this article, we report a 16-year-old male patient hospitalized in our clinic because of severe pain in upper abdomen, nausea and vomiting who was suspected to have arginine-induced acute pancreatitis.
Background/aim: There is currently a debate on the duration of treatment protocols for the first-line eradication treatment of Helicobacter pylori (Hp). The aim of this study was to compare the eradication rates of 7- and 14-day treatment protocols including lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. Materials and methods: 188 patients (92 female, 96 male, mean age 44.8 years) with Hp-positive nonulcer dyspepsia were enrolled in the study. The presence of Hp was assessed by histological examination and urea breath test (UBT). Patients were divided into two groups randomly. The first group consisted of 96 patients given lansoprazole 30 mg bid, clarithromycin 500 mg bid, and amoxicillin 1 g bid for 14 days. The second group consisted of 92 patients given the same protocol for 7 days. Results: Six weeks after the therapy, both histological examination and UBT were repeated. If both tests were negative, it was accepted as eradication success. There were no significant differences between median ages and sex distribution of the groups (p>0.05). Eradication was achieved in 52 patients (54.2%) of the first group and in 37 patients (40.2%) of the second group. Although eradication rate was higher in the group treated for 14 days, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.059). Conclusion: Our study shows that neither 7- nor 14-day lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin protocol is significantly better in the eradication of H. pylori. In addition, since the eradication rates in both treatment protocols were lower than in previous studies, new studies are necessary to demonstrate the factors that may cause this low success rate (including antibiotic resistance); alternative therapy options are needed for H. pylori eradication.