Menstruation is an integral yet neglected aspect of a woman’s health. The reasons for this neglect could be because of the beliefs and taboos associated with it. This study examines the awareness and beliefs about menstruation and taboos practiced during the menstrual cycles. This study focuses on girls and women from different socioeconomic backgrounds in Gujarat, India. The data are collected by administering a questionnaire. Simple linear regression is undertaken to examine the influence of socioeconomic factors on awareness, beliefs, and taboos. The results reveal that education, region (rural and urban), and the extent of development of the district (developed, developing, tribal) are the main factors that influence the awareness, beliefs, and taboos associated with menstruation. However, occupation influences awareness, marital status, and family type influence beliefs, whereas age and religion influence taboos.
According to Strategic Management Theory; managers can add value to an enterprise by taking into account the social and economic effects of an enterprises operation when making decisions. This has led to the concept of 'Corporate Social Responsibility'. The Stakeholders such as investors and financial institutions, business partners, consumers, employees, surrounding community, civil society organizations and governments and their institutions, must be provided the information about how and to what extent they fulfil their responsibilities. The Selection of the indicators for judging the performance of enterprise in fulfilling its social responsibilities, may be based on the following criteria (1) Comparability (2) Relevance and materiality (3) Understandability and (4) Reliability and verifiability. The guiding principles for selection of indicators may be (1) Universality to maximize comparability (2) Incremental approach (3) Capability of consistent measurement (4) Performance orientation rotes than process orientation and (5) National reporting and positive corporate contributions to development. The constraints are costs and benefits, confidentiality and trendiness. Various indicators such as values of imports Vs. exports, total new investments, local purchasing, employment creation and labour practices, expenditure on research and development, average hours of training per year now employee, payments to government voluntary contributions to civil society etc. and some eco-efficiency indicators are suggested and distasted in the tears of their background compilations, and presentations and disclosure.
Universal primary education is a constitutional directive. Article 45 of the Directive Principles of the constitution urges all state to provide ‘free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen years’ within a period of ten years from the commencement of the constitution. Right to education has been recognized as fundamental right in 83rd constitutional amendment, even then the goal of universal education for all has remained distant dream. The status of education is one of the key indicators of socioeconomic development and employment opportunities largely depend on the level of education. In this paper we have examined the status of primary education in the Dings district of Gujarat state. The availability of basic necessary infrastructural facilities in the primary schools of the Dangs districts is not satisfactory. The process of education and development does not seem to have benefited the disadvantaged tribal groups in the Dangs district as much. Attempts have been made by the government and different voluntary agencies to promote education among tribal groups. The efforts to enhance the tribal education did not achieve its objectives because in many of the cases the educational needs and problems of the tribal communities are not properly identified. Keywords - Literary, Enrollment, Dropout, The Dangs, Gujarat, India
This study investigated the positioning of teacher education institutions (TEIs) in the glocalization continuum of bilingual complexities in responding to the global and local demands for harmonious and peaceful nation building. This study was exploratory in nature. The researchers used survey questionnaires to account the effects of more than four decades of enforcement of Bilingual Education in the Microcosm area in Cebu City (Philippines).Stratified sampling technique was employed; wherein strata were divided based on specialization of the 213 pre-service teachers. Cronbach's alpha was usedto measure reliability and internal consistency of the instrument. Principle component method through factor analysis was utilized to reduce the data complexity and to identify important factors of bilingual education policy. Results revealed that bilingual education policy has duplicitous character in a non-native English country. Yet, it is a tool that can propel nation building. Much of it lies in the hands of the teacher education institutions' power and capacity to ignite other industries of the country.
This paper examines the relationship between gross domestic product (GDP), gross domestic savings (GDS) and gross domestic investment (GDI) for India during the period 1951- 2012. Vector Error Correction Method and co-integration techniques are used for analyzing the relationship between gross domestic product (GDP), gross domestic savings (GDS) and gross domestic investment (GDI) in this study. The Johansen co-integration test indicates gross domestic product (GDP), gross domestic savings (GDS) and gross domestic investment (GDI) are co-integrated, and that a long-run equilibrium exists between them. The Vector Error Correction test reveals that there is unidirectional causality running from gross domestic savings (GDS) and gross domestic investment (GDI) to gross domestic product (GDP) in the short run as well as in the long run. It means gross domestic savings (GDS) and gross domestic investment (GDI) lead to gross domestic product (GDP) but gross domestic product (GDP) does not lead to gross domestic savings (GDS) and gross domestic investment (GDI).
Greater involvement from women in the labor force has both an economic and a social impact. The Female Labour Force Participation Rate (FLFPR) for India remains appallingly low at around 27 % when the male labour force participation rate is 79.9%. Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) in India has reduced from 31.11% in 1990 to 27.45% in 2016. Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) has declining trend during 1990 to 2016. In the present paper factors affecting to female labour force participation rate in India have been estimated using regression analysis for the time period 1990 to 2016. Data on all the relevant variables have been taken from World Development Indicators, World Bank. It has been found that Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) has strong negative linear correlation with LN GDP (constant 2010 US$), LN GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2011 international $), School enrollment, tertiary, female (% gross) and Literacy rate, youth female (% of females ages 15-24). Results of regression analysis suggests that 87.9% variations in Labor force participation rate, female (% of female population ages 15+) in India are together explain by independents variables. The aim is not only to increase participation of female in labour force, but to create environment, providing opportunities and freedom to women for decent and dignified work that will contribute significantly in economic empowerment and holistic development of women. This requires comprehensive approach for wider participation of women in the labour force.
An economy’s performance can be assessed with the disposal rate of its nonperforming assets. India has been struggling with them. Although measures have been taken to deal with their growing rate, no effective measure has been identified till now. The Parliament has enacted the Recovery of Debt Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act, 1993 and the Securitization and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Securities Interest Act, 2002 to deal with debt recovery. The Enforcement of Security Interest and Recovery Debt Laws and Miscellaneous Provisions (Amendment) Act, 2016 had made changes in the acts of 1993 and 2002 and other integrated acts. This Amendment Act was an effort to tackle the existing regulatory gap. This paper suggests the development of an exchange market for an effective resolution of such assets. By adopting the statistical analysis of the efficacy of Debt Recovery Tribunal and Act of 2002 in resolving the problem, it investigates the impact of the legislation on the recovery of debts.
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