This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of a topical antioxidant and ultraviolet (UV) shielding action formulation containing riboflavin and D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) vitamin E against corneal UV-induced damage in vivo rabbit eyes. In vivo experiments were performed using male albino rabbits, which were divided into four groups. The control group (CG) did not receive any UV irradiation; the first group (IG) was irradiated with a UV-B−UV-A lamp for 30 min; the second (G30) and third (G60) groups received UV irradiation for 30 and 60 min, respectively, and were topically treated with one drop of the antioxidant and shielding formulation every 15 min, starting one hour before irradiation, until the end of UV exposure. The cornea of the IG group showed irregular thickening, detachment of residual fragments of the Descemet membrane, stromal fluid swelling with consequent collagen fiber disorganization and disruption, and inflammation. The cornea of the G30 group showed edema, a mild thickening of the Descemet membrane without fibrillar collagen disruption and focal discoloration, or inflammation. In the G60 group, the cornea showed a more severe thickening, a more abundant fluid accumulation underneath the Descemet membrane with focal detachment, and no signs of severe tissue alterations, as were recorded in the IG group. Our results demonstrate that topical application of eye drops containing riboflavin and TPGS vitamin E counteracts UV corneal injury in exposed rabbits.
The objective of this work was to assess meat quality in European brown hare and domestic rabbit. The research was focused on nutritive value, chemical composition and physical characteristics of meat. We investigated the qualitative parameters in Musculus longissimus thoracis et lumborum. Meat samples from brown hares were taken during hunts from selected huntinggrounds in south-west Slovakia. Meat samples of rabbits were from animals slaughtered at the experimental slaughter house. All samples were stored at identical conditions. The qualitative parameters were assessed after 48 hours. The content of total water, content of total proteins, total fats, value of pH48, meat colour and water holding capacity were determined. The results were processed statistically using the programme Excel and SAS 9.1 by one-way variance analysis, and the significance of arithmetical differences was tested by the Bonferroni test. Average content of total water in hare meat was 72.83 g.100 g-1 and was not found to be influenced by sex or age of animals. Higher content of total water (P≤0.01) was noted in rabbit meat (74.25 g.100g-1). Average content of total proteins in hare meat was 24.70 g.100 g-1. We observed higher content of total proteins in hare meat compared with rabbit meat 22.20 g.100g-1 (P≤0.01). The average content of total fats in brown hare meat was 1.48 g.100 g-1. Content of total fats in rabbit meat (2.55 g.100g-1) was higher as compared with hare meat (P≤0.01). The value of pH48 varied from 5.69 to 6.38. Average pH48 value hare meat was higher compared with rabbit meat (6.17 and 5.95 respectively), (P≤0.01). Higher L-value of meat colour was noted in rabbit meat (47.33). This value shows that the meat is lighter. Lower L-value (29.52) with hare meat shows that the meat is markedly darker. Average content of loosely bound water in brown hare meat was 29.70 g.100 g-1. Significantly higher (P≤0.01) content of loosely bound water was also noted in hare meat compared with rabbit meat (24.72 g.100 g-1). Brown hare meat is dietetically a very valuable raw material and it can be recommended as a component of modern human diet.
In fattening experiments a total of 96 th day of age, Hycole hybrid) were fed a diets containing 15.2 % (groups A,B) or 41 % (group C) of dehydrated lucerne meal in combination with 67 % or 39% of agricultural byproducts and rape oil (1.7 % vs. 0 %) in group. In one experimental group (EG) we studied the effect of Eleutherococcus senticosus dry extract which was applied to feed mixture at 30g/100kg on the zootechnical, microbiological and biochemical parameters in rabbits as well as quality of rabbit meat. Treated animals were compared with untreated ones (control diet B). Rabbits were fed three diets ad libitum. The study was conducted to evaluate chemical composition of meat from rabbits slaughtered at 77 day of age. The MLD (Musculus longissimus dorsi) muscles were sampled from nine animals. Fatty acids in intramuscular fat are composed of 42.1, 40.2, 31.5% monounsaturated (MUFA), 17.9, 18.2, 20.8 % to polyunsaturated (PUFA) and 39.7, 41.9, 47.7 % saturated fatty acids (SFA). The ratio PUFA/SFA (0.43 vs. 0.46), the atherogenic index (0.63 vs. 0.91), and the ratio n-6/n-3 (7.59 vs. 6.23) were calculated. Slaughter parameters and the quality of meat were practically the similar in each experimental group. All animals were found in good health conditions during the trial. The application of Eleutherococcus reduced the mortality and increased feed conversion ratio and average daily weight gain (P<0.05).
The aim of this work was to analyse the effect of incubation dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with insemination dose (ID) on reproduction parameters (kindling rate, number of live and still-born kits and birth weight of kits). The experiments were carried out under the conditions of two rabbit breeds. An ejaculate was diluted to concentration of 40 to 50 million/0.5 ml/ID. DMSO was added to the ID in concentration of 0.5 M DMSO. Control ID did not contain any DMSO. Kindling rates obtained from 2 different breeds (P1, P2) showed minor improvement (+4.36% P1; +4.06% P2) between the monitored groups of females, however without statistically significant differences. Number of live born kits in litter obtained from breeds P1 and P2 showed minor improvement (+0.61 pcs P1; +0.13 pcs P2) compared to the control groups (p>0.05). The weight of live born kits was higher in experimental groups (+3.85 g P1 = p≤0.001; +1.18 g P2 = p>0.05) compared to the control groups. Monitoring of sperm quality indicators (1, 3 and 6 hours incubation) in vitro conditions (CASA – Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer) showed the best results in the control group of non-affected DMSO. The data obtained from our experiments suggest the possitive effects of DMSO incubation on reproduction parameters especially in vivo.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of implementer heparin on the interaction follicles - sperm, conceptual ratio and the number of pups born in inseminated doves inseminated The experimental group was inseminated with 0.5 ml insemination dose inseminated 15 min. incubation with heparin (25 000 IU / l ml) of concentrations of 0.06 ml / 0.5 ml / ID (0.06 ml = 10 mg). The control group was inseminated with 0.5 ml insemination dose without implementer. The addition of heparin implementer has led to an increase in the reproductive performance in vitro and in vivo. Number of zygotes with two pronucleus represented in the control group 74.5% of the total number of follicles stranded in the group. In the experimental group, the number of zygotes with two pronucleus accounted for 81.08% of the total number of follicles stranded in the group. In vivo, we found a conceptual ratio 89.28% with an average number of live pups per litter 10.64 ± 3.41 pc in experimental doves. In the control group the conceptual ratio was 72.00% with an average number of pups per litter 8.55 ± 3.22 pc. The conceptual relation between the control K and experimental GAG group of doves has show a statistically significant difference (χ24, 15 +). In the number of live born pups between control K and experimental GAG group a statistically significant difference (2.02 + T41) was observed too.
Amygdalin is the major cyanogenic glycoside present in apricot seeds and is degraded to cyanide by chewing or grinding. The animal data available did not provide a suitable basis for acute human health hazard. The apricot seeds are potentially useful in human nutrition and for treatment of several diseases especially cancer. The present study demonstrates the potential effect of short-term oral application of apricot seeds on renal structure of rabbit as a biological model. Meat line P91 Californian rabbits from the experimental farm of the Animal Production Research Centre Nitra (Slovak Republic) were used in the experiments. The animals were randomly divided into the three groups (C-control, P1, P2 - experimental groups) leading to 8 rabbits in each group. The control group received no apricot seeds while the experimental groups P1 and P2 received a daily dose 60 and 300 mg.kg-1 b.w. of crushed apricot seeds mixed with feed during 28 days, respectively. After 28 days all animals were slaughtered and kidney tissue was processed by standard histopathological techniques. Tissue sections were observed under an optical microscope with camera Olympus CX41 (Olympus, Japan) at a magnification of 10 x 0.40. The basic morphometric criteria of the preparations were quantified using image program MeasurIT (Olympus, Japan). From each sample (n = 24) three histological sections with five different fields of view in each section were analysed and followed parameters were analysed: diameter of renal corpuscles (RC), diameter of glomeruli (G), diameter of tubules (T) and the height of epithelial tubules (E). In our study, we observed a slight increase in the most frequent occurrence parenchyma dystrophy experimental animals. These changes were more pronounced in the experimental group (P2) rabbits received a daily dose of 300 mg.kg-1 of body weight of apricot seeds. Most often, we have found enlarged glomeruli filling the entire space of the capsule, and also glomerular basement membrane thickening. The most frequent alterations of tubular organs manifested by thickening and dilatation of proximal tubules and in the lumen of the occurrence fuchsinophilic mass, grains and hyaline cylinders. The occurrence of the vacuole and parenchymal atrophy was mostly balanced groups. Changes in P2 group are also reflected in morphometric evaluation structures. We have found significant decrease (p <0.001) in the average of all renal structures (diameter of renal corpuscles, diameter of glomeruli, diameter of tubules, and the height of epithelial tubules). Inversely, oral administration a daily dose of 60 mg.kg-1 of body weight of apricot seeds had no significant impact on these parameters. The change displays only the increase of renal tubule diameter. Our data may provide more specific evidence of oral application of apricot seeds on renal structure but further detailed studies are also required.
In an attempt to characterize the two rabbit breeds concerning the shift on the genetic level we studied microsatellite and genetic markers associated with coat color. These two local rabbit breeds, Nitra rabbit (Ni) and Zobor rabbit (Zo) with different phenotypes have a common origin. Based on the highest polymorphic six microsatellites we chose more than 300 rabbits microsatellites. In two analysed experimental groups Ni (n = 8) and Zo (n = 8) the number of detected alleles for six chosen mikrosatelites was ranged from two to four alleles (4 alleles per INRACCDDV0106, 3 alleles per INRACCDDV0183, 4 alleles per INRACCDDV0259, 4 alleles per Sol08, 2 alleles per SOL28 and 3 alleles per Sol33). Genetic markers were chosen based on the unique characteristics of the two analyzed breeds: mutations c.585delG in the MLPH gene (dilution of coat color), c.5_6insA in the ASIP gene (characters of wild type rabbit) and c.1118C → A in the tyrosinase gene (albinism). The mutation c.585delG in Ni rabbits is represented only by homozygous genotype del/del. Ni is a rabbit breed with a blue-grey coloring, therefore, in principle, other genotype for c.585delG is not expected in this breed. For Zo breed, only G/G homozygous genotype should be represented, but even in that small group of Zo rabbits (n = 8) one heterozygote del/G has occurred, with the recessive allele hidden under the black phenotype. Concerning ASIP gene, from 8 Ni rabbits 7 animals were homozygous ins/ins, which were blue-coated, and only one was Wt/ins, which was Ni wild-blue, whilst Wt/Wt homozygote was not represented. In Ni and Zo breeds the mutation c.1118C → A in the tyrosinase gene was represented only by CC homozygotes, whereas albinos Hyla hybrid was represented only by AA homozygotes. Here we propose steps to make more efficient the process of cross-breeding of the analyzed Ni and Zo rabbit breeds in order to stabilite and then standardize these two unique rabbit breeds, which could could be preserved in the gene bank for possible future use.
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