Laura Arriaga

Instituto de Ecología

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Sara Dı́az

Universidad Pablo de Olavide

Elizabeth Castro Moreno

Fundação Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Minas Gerais

Alfredo Ortega‐Rubio

Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas

Jesús Alarcón

National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity

Carmen Mercado

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

Yolanda Maya

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Rafael Lira‐Saade

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Elleli Huerta

National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity

Van Devender

Arizona Sonora Desert Museum

Jamie K. Reaser

National Zoological Park

Cooperative Institutions

United States Geological Survey

Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas

Pronatura Noroeste

Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

University of California, Davis

Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste S.C.

Instituto Politécnico Nacional

National Commission for the Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity

Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas

University of Arizona

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Seed bank dynamics and tree‐fall gaps in a northwestern Mexican Quercus‐Pinus forest

Journal of Vegetation Science (2004)

Laura Arriaga Carmen Mercado

Abstract: Questions: How does the seed bank respond to different types of tree‐fall gaps and seasonal variations? How does the soil seed bank influence recovery of the standing vegetation in the mature forest and tree‐fall gaps? Location: 1800 — 2020 m a.s.l., Quercus‐Pinus forest, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Methods: Seed size, species composition and germination were estimated under different environmental conditions during dry and rainy seasons: a mature forest plot and gaps created by dead standing trees, snapped‐of f trees and uprooted trees. The soil seed bank was investigated using direct propagule emergence under laboratory conditions, from soil cores obtained during both seasons. Results: 21 species, 20 genera and 14 families constitute the seed bank of this forest community. Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae and Lamiaceae were the most frequently represented families in the seed bank. Floristic composition and species richness varied according to the different modes of tree death. Species composition of seed banks and standing vegetation had very low similarity coefficients and were statistically different. Seed bank sizes varied between 164 and 362 ind.m ‐2 in the mature forest plot for the dry and rainy seasons, respectively, while soil seed bank sizes for gaps ranged between 23–208 ind.m ‐2 forthe dry season and between 81–282 ind.m ‐2 for the rainy season. Conclusions: Seed bank sizes and germination response were always higher in the rainy season under all the environmental conditions analysed. Results suggest that timing responses to gap formation of the soil seed bank could be more delayed in this temperate forest than expected.

Soil seed bank

Wet season

Propagule

Dry season

Floristics

10.1111/j.1654-1103.2004.tb02308.x

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Citations (3)

An Interannual Climatological Aridity Series for the Sierra de La Laguna, B.C.S. Mexico

Mountain Research and Development (1994)

Sara Dı́az César A. Salinas‐Zavala Laura Arriaga

The Sierra de La Laguna is a group of mountains in the south of the Baja California Peninsula that, because of their height, show marked climatic differences. The life forms there are different from the rest of the Peninsula and the area is the site of many ecological studies. The objective of this paper is to construct a regional climatic series that can be useful for detecting annual dry and wet periods. An aridity index is calculated according to Martonne, using precipitation and temperature data from nine meteorological stations in the middle and lower ranges of the Sierra. When an auto-correction and Fourier analysis of the resultant series is made, a tendency to less aridity is observed with a fundamental frequency of 24 years, which approximates conformance to the double cycle of sunspots.

10.2307/3673796

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Citations (6)

Corrigendum to: “Assessing the risk of releasing transgenic Cucurbita spp. in Mexico” [Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 112 (2006) 291–299]

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment (2006)

Laura Arriaga Elleli Huerta Rafael Lira‐Saade Elizabeth Castro Moreno Jesús Alarcón

10.1016/j.agee.2006.02.001

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Citations (3)

Conservation or Commercial Management of Temperate Forests of Baja California Sur, Mexico

Conservation Biology (1994)

Laura Arriaga Sara Dı́az Carmen Mercado

The current status of the oak and oak‐pine forests in the Sierra de La Laguna range of the Baja California peninsula is examined from four perspectives: (1) the structural analysis of the woodlands; (2) the natural regeneration of hurricane windfall clearings and its effect on the oak‐pine community; (3) the density, mortality, size, and commercial potential of the only pine species Pinus lagunae; and (4) the possible destruction of this endemic species by attack from moths. These factors were evaluated to make recommendations regarding the management and/or commercialization of the forest resources of this proposed Biosphere Reserve. Results show that the oak woodlands occurring at low elevations contain many tropical plants from the tropical dry forest that surrounds these woodlands, and that the tropical elements decrease at higher altitudes. In forest gaps, oaks were more abundant than pines. Gaps contained a lower diversity of perennial plants than mature oak‐pine forest. P. lagunae has a high adult mortality, which can be attributed to the joint effect of fire and insect attack. Results indicate that the forest in this region does not have timber‐yielding potential because of the small area it covers and because of the low tree diameters and volume, which are insufficient to carry out a continuous and income‐producing extraction of the pine resource of Baja California Sur. Finally, options for management are discussed and future studies are proposed to determine the life cycle and extent of the moth populations.

Temperate rainforest

10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08041132.x

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Citations (8)

Reconstruction of aridity for the Sierra de la Laguna, Baja California Sur, Mexico

Sara Dı́az Laura Arriaga César Salinas Daniel Lluch

A well-documented history of past climatic conditions is needed to understand and resolve some ecological problems, but the existing climatological records are too short to detect long-term climatic variability and changes. Some trees, such as pines, produce annual tree rings with different widths depending on prevailing environmental conditions, such as climate. Tree-ring analysis of long-lived trees can be used to estimate past variations in climate. The principal aim of this study is to reconstruct aridity for the southern portion of the Baja California Peninsula, by means of dendroclimatologic techniques.

Peninsula

Historical record

Dendroclimatology

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Assessing the risk of releasing transgenic Cucurbita spp. in Mexico

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment (2005)

Laura Arriaga Elleli Huerta Rafael Lira‐Saade Elizabeth Castro Moreno Jesús Alarcón

Cucurbita

Cucurbita pepo

Cucurbita moschata

Squash

10.1016/j.agee.2005.07.007

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Citations (24)

Spatial Variability in Decomposition Rates in a Desert Scrub of Northwestern Mexico

Plant Ecology (2006)

Laura Arriaga Yolanda Maya

Litter

Plant litter

10.1007/s11258-006-9178-4

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Citations (44)

Notas sobre las perturbaciones naturales en un bosque mesófilo de montaña en Tamaulipas

Botanical Sciences (1988)

Laura Arriaga

10.17129/botsci.1352

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Gap Dynamics of a Tropical Cloud Forest in Northeastern Mexico

Biotropica (1988)

Laura Arriaga

Gap dynamics in a tropical cloud forest in Tamaulipas, Mexico were studied by describing the treefall regime and by measuring the temporal and spatial occurrence of gaps (1-yr-old lightgaps produced by treefalls) and patches (older lightgaps). The study plots comprised protected (4 ha) and exposed (2 ha) zones, where the frequency of gap and patch size per unit area was determined. The number of trunks on the forest floor was counted and their length and diameter were recorded. The causes of treefalls were determined. Fallen tree species were identified and a comparison of the specific composition between fallen and standing trees was made for the community. The results suggest that gaps play an important role in determining an environmental mosaic within the tropical cloud forest. Species-producing gaps are those dominating the canopy layer in approximately 80 percent of the treefalls. An average of 19 patches ha-' was registered, comprising 2 5 percent of the study site. The mean patch size as fitted to a lognormal distribution was estimated as 4.71 ? 0.6. Turnover rates were estimated as 158 yr for areas disturbed by natural causes and 90 yr for areas disturbed by joint causes (i.e., natural plus man-induced). The natural and the actual (natural plus man-induced) gap production rates were 0.5 and 0.63 gap ha-' yr-1. This means that an average of 1.27 percent of the forest area is disturbed every year by natural causes and that 2.22 percent of the area is disturbed by joint causes. FOREST REGENERATION PROCESSES frequently depend upon natural disturbance regimes. Wind, fire, and hurricanes kill trees and open gaps in the forest canopy (Hartshorn 1978, Bormann & Likens 1979, Lorimer 1980). The structural changes produced by treefalls create an environmental mosaic in the community determined by a gapage-dependent process (Watt 1947; Whitmore 1975, 1978; Halle et al. 1978; Oldeman 1978; Hartshorn 1980; Runkle 1981; Nakashizuka 1984a; Brokaw 1985; and Martinez-Ramos 1985). The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of forest structure depends on the rate of gap production as well as on gap sizes, shapes, and locations. According to the way a treefall occurs, gap formation provides a range of resources for the differential establishment of species within the community (Denslow 1980, Brokaw 1982, Putz et al. 1983, Nakashizuka 1984b, Moore & Vankat 1986, Veblen 1986). This paper describes the gap dynamics of a tropical cloud forest in northeastern Mexico. The work includes the study of the treefall regime which considers the factors influencing the way trees die and its effect on the species composition of the forest canopy. This paper also presents the temporal and spatial occurrence of gaps and patches based on the estimation of gap production and turnover rates, as well as on a description of patch sizes. STUDY AREA The study was conducted in the Biosphere Reserve El Cielo, a tropical cloud forest community which covers 10,000 ha (between parallels 23?12'N and 23?03'N; 99?18'W) at an altitude of 1250 m. The reserve is in the Sierra de Cucharas at the eastern slope of the Sierra Madre Oriental in the state of Tamaulipas, Mexico. The mean monthly rainfall in the region is 252.2 mm. A dry season occurs from late November to March, although there is considerable atmospheric humidity because of the frequent occurrence of mists. The mean monthly temperature is 13.03?C, with a minimum of 5.84?C and a maximum of 22.6?C. The climate is tropical-humid with a short, dry season (Puig 1976). The forest is greatly influenced by the easterly winds and polar air masses producing the cold winter winds locally called nortes. It is also affected by frequent, damaging hurricanes 1:34% of the total hurricanes that reach Mexican eastern coasts affect the state of Tamaulipas (Jauregui 1967)1. The cloud forest is in a mountainous region of volcanic origin. Soils are lithosols 10 cm deep with a sandy loam texture; rendzinas can sometimes be found 10 to 40 cm deep with a clay texture, both with a high organici-matter content (Puig et al. 1983). The vegetation has been described as a mixture of tropical and temperate species (Sharp et al. 1950, Hernandez X. et al. 1951, Sharp 1953, Rzedowski 1978, Lonard & Ross 1979) and more recently it was quantitatively described as a forest with abundant tropical tree species but with temperate canopy trees structurally dominating the community (Puig et al. 1983). This forest was I Received 10 October 1986, revision accepted 30 March 1987. 2 Present address: Centro de Investigaciones Biol6gicas de Baja California Sur, Apdo. Postal 128, La Paz 23060, Baja California Sur, Mexico. 178 BIOTROPICA 20(3): 178-184 1988 This content downloaded from 207.46.13.48 on Wed, 12 Oct 2016 05:31:54 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms

Tropical forest

Cloud forest

Tropical rain forest

10.2307/2388232

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Citations (68)

Identification of Natural Groups of Trees in Uneven-Aged Forests Using Multivariate Methods

Journal of Ecology (1988)

Laura Arriaga Miguel Franco José Sarukhán

(1) The influence of intraspecific nearest-neighbour competition and parasitism by dwarf mistletoes upon growth characteristics of Pinus hartwegii in the Sierra Nevada, Mexico, were studied using multivariate techniques. (2) Descriptive measurements (age, volume, crown cover and parasitism by dwarf mistletoes) were recorded for 130 trees and an index of interference was defined for these trees based on the same group of variables measured on 268 neighbours. Interference was arbitrarily defined as an additive neighbour effect directly proportional to volume and crown cover and inversely proportional to neighbour's distance. (3) The attributes of subject trees treated by means of a principal component analysis yielded size and crown dominance indices which were used as variables for a classification. Four natural groups were formed using a cluster analysis, and discriminant functions that describe each resulting group were computed. (4) The classification obtained defined biologically meaningful groups that may be considered in management practices of natural uneven-aged forests. A selective thinning of trees with intermediate ages, small sizes, and low crown dominance is suggested. The permanence in the stand of healthy and vigorous trees is intended to guarantee the protection and conservation of the forest.

Dominance (genetics)

Detrended correspondence analysis

Thinning

10.2307/2260636

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Citations (10)