In this paper, GPS signal anomaly generation software is proposed which can be used for the analysis of GPS signal anomaly effect and the design, verification, and operation test of anomalous signal monitoring technique. For the implementation of anomalous signal generation technique, anomalous signals are generated using a commercial signal generation simulator, and their effects and characteristics are analyzed. An error model equation is proposed from the result of analysis, and the anomalous signal generation software is constructed based on this equation. The proposed anomalous signal generation software has high scalability so that users can easily utilize and apply, and is economical as the additional cost for purchasing equipment is not necessary. Also, it is capable of anomalous signal generation based on real-time signal by comparing with the commercial signal generation simulator.
본 논문에서는 네트워크 RTK (Real Time Kinematic) 환경에서 기준국 간 이온층 지연 변칙현상에 대해 검출하는 기법을 제안한다. 태양흑점 폭발이나 지자기 폭풍 등으로 인해 이온층 지연의 시공간적 변화가 심해지면 네트워크 공간 안에서 이온층 지연의 선형성을 보장할 수 없게 된다. 이 때, 생성된 보정정보를 사용자가 사용하면 잘못된 미지정수를 결정하여 위치 오차가 증가하는 현상이 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 신뢰성있는 보정정보를 사용자에게 제공하기 위해서 이온층 지연에 변칙현상을 검출하는 기법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서 제안한 기법은 보정정보의 전파성 항으로 이온층 지연 변칙현상을 검출하기 위한 지표를 계산하고, 이를 임계치와 비교해서 이온층 지연 변칙현상 발생을 판단한다. This paper proposes a detection method for irregularity of ionospheric delay in network RTK (Real Time Kinematic) Environment. The linearity of network RTK correction provided to user can't be assured when a characteristic of temporal-spatial of ionospheric delay is rapidly changed due to geomagnetic storm or solar flare. Therefore, incorrect ambiguity can be resolved and positioning error can be increased. A detection method for irregularity of ionospheric delay is needed to provide reliable correction. In this paper, index to detect irregularity of ionospheric delay is calculated from dispersive corrections and occurrence of irregularity is judged by comparing index and thresholds.
GPS/Galileo 통합 수신기를 사용하는 사용자는 특정 측위 시스템에 대한 의존도를 줄이고, 개선된 성능의 PNT 서비스를 제공받을 수 있을 것으로 예상된다. 그러나 사용자들은 GPS와 Galileo, 두 시스템 간의 서로 다른 시각 척도를 사용함으로써 발생하는 문제(즉, GGTO)를 해결해야만 한다. GGTO는 측위 서비스를 요구하는 항법용 수신기뿐만 아니라 정밀한 시각 서비스를 요구하는 타이밍용 수신기에서도 분석되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 GPS/Galileo 통합 타이밍용 수신기를 사용할 때에 고려해야 하는 상호운용성 문제를 분석하고, 모의실험을 통해 다양한 가정 하에 시각 측면에서의 성능을 예측하였다. Ashtech 사(社)의 상용 타이밍용 수신기를 사용하여 GPS 실측 데이터를 확보하고, Galileo 데이터를 모사한 후에, 타이밍용 환경에 적합한 실험 시나리오를 구성하여, 시나리오 별시각 측면에서의 성능을 평가하였다. The users who use a combined GPS/Galileo receiver will benefit from an improved availability of the combined system and a reduced dependence on one particular positioning system. However, these users must solve the problem of an offset between the time scales of GPS and Galileo (GGTO). GGTO must be analyzed for not only a navigation system but also a timing system requesting precise time service. This paper analyzes the interoperability problem in a combined GPS/Galileo timing receiver and estimates the timing performance under various assumptions. The GPS real measurements were collected by using the commercial timing receiver from Ashtech Ltd. and the Galileo measurements were generated by a simulation software. A suitable test scenario set-up and the performance in a point of timing stability was evaluated.
Network RTK generates corrections by using differenced measurements from reference stations in the network, and the corrections are then provided to a user. The user, generally, uses linear interpolation, which assumes that the corrections at each reference station are spatially correlated, to obtain a precise correction of its location. However, the tropospheric delay irregularity is a realworld factor that violates this assumption. Tropospheric delay is a result of weather conditions, such as humidity, temperature and pressure, and it can cause spatial decorrelation in corrections among reference stations when there are meteorological changes by locally. In this paper, we have defined the non-linear characteristics of the tropospheric delay among the reference stations within a network as the irregularity in tropospheric delay. Such an irregularity can negatively impact the network RTK performance. Therefore, an analysis of the effect of tropospheric delay irregularity on Network RTK is needed. For the analysis, the tropospheric delay irregularity modeling is made based on the meteorological data during the typhoon. The effect of tropospheric delay irregularity is analyzed in two parts. One is analyzing the effect of tropospheric delay irregularity on delta Carrier Phase Corrections (CPC) which are generated by comparing between master and auxiliary station by each. Another part is analyzing the effect of tropospheric delay irregularity on corrections of Network RTK user. The results of analysis conclude that tropospheric delay irregularity needs to be considered to utilize the Network RTK on precise positioning application which requires cm level accuracy.
Network RTK generates spatial corrections by using differenced measurements from reference stations in the network, and the corrections are then provided to a rover. The rover, generally, uses linear interpolation, which assumes that the corrections at each reference station are spatially correlated, to obtain a precise correction of its location. However, an irregularity of the tropospheric delay is a real-world factor that violates this assumption. Tropospheric delay is a result of weather conditions, such as humidity, temperature and pressure, and it can cause spatial decorrelation when there are changes in the local climate. In this paper, we have defined the non-linear characteristics of the tropospheric delay between reference stations or user within a region as the “irregularity of tropospheric delay”. Such an irregularity can negatively impact the network RTK performance. Therefore, we analyze the influence of the irregularity of tropospheric delay in network RTK based on meteorological data.
네트워크 RTK는 네트워크 내 다중 기준국의 반송파 측정치 보정정보를 활용하는 정밀 측위 기법으로 성능 개선을 목적으로 꾸준히 연구가 진행되어 왔다. 최근까지는 주로 측지 측량 분야에서 사용하였기 때문에 정확도 개선을 위한 연구 위주로 진행되었으며, 무결성 확보를 위한 연구는 아직 미비하다. 본 논문에서는 네트워크 RTK에서의 무결성 확보를 위한 기초연구로 네트워크 RTK 환경에 적합한 감시 시스템을 설계하였다. 이를 위하여 네트워크 RTK에서의 무결성 결함 조건을 도출하고, 각 결함 조건 별로 활용할 수 있는 이상 검출 및 식별 기법을 소개하였으며, 이를 기반으로 네트워크 RTK를 서비스하는 중앙처리국에서 활용할 수 있는 감시 시스템을 설계하였다. Network RTK is a precise positioning technique using carrier phase correction data from reference stations within the network, and is constantly being researched for improved performance. However, the study for the system accuracy has been performed but system integrity research has not been done as much as system accuracy, because network RTK has been mainly used on surveying for static or kinematic positioning. In this paper, adequate monitoring system for network RTK is designed as basis research for integrity monitoring on network RTK. To this, fault tree on network RTK is analyzed, and a countermeasure is prepared to detect and identify the each fault items. Based these algorithms, monitoring system to use on central processing facility is designed for network RTK service.
네트워크 RTK는 네트워크를 형성하는 다수의 기준국의 보정정보를 사용자 위치에 맞게 보간하여 사용함으로써 기준국과 사용자 간 기저선 거리 증가에 따른 공간이격 오차를 최소화 한다. 하지만 대류권 지연은 기상의 함수로 국지적인 기상변화를 원인으로 사용자와 네트워크 내 기준국 간 대류권 지연에 비선형 특성을 발생시킬 수 있으며, 이는 네트워크 RTK 성능을 저하시킬 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 태풍이 있던 날의 데이터를 기반으로 대류권 지연 변칙 사례를 모델링하고, 이를 이용하여 기준국 간 기상차이가 기준국에서 생성하는 보정정보에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 또한, 기준국 간 대류권 지연의 비선형성이 네트워크 RTK 사용자에게 미치는 영향을 분석한다. Network RTK generally uses a linear interpolation method by using the corrections from reference stations. This minimizes the spatial decorrelation error caused by the increase of distance between the reference station's baseline and user's baseline. However, tropospheric delay, a function of the meteorological data can cause a spatial decorrelation characteristic among reference stations within a network by local meteorological difference. A non-linear characteristic of tropospheric delay can deteriorate Network RTK performance. In this paper, the modeling of tropospheric delay irregularity is made from the data when the typhoon is occurred. By using this modeling, analyzing the effect of meteorological difference between reference stations on correction is performed. Finally, we analyze an effect of non-linear characteristics of tropospheric delay among reference stations to Network RTK user.
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