José J. Castro

Universidad de Granada

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Rosario G. Anera

Universidad de Granada

Carolina Ortíz

Universidad de Granada

Sonia Ortiz‐Peregrina

Universidad de Granada

José R. Jiménez

Universidad de Granada

Miriam Casares‐López

Universidad de Granada

Francesco Martino

Universidad de Granada

José Manuel Framit Campaña

Antonio M. Pozo

Universidad de Granada

Esteban José Rivas López

University of Colorado Denver

Aixa Alarcón

Johnson & Johnson (Netherlands)

Cooperative Institutions

Universidad de Granada

University of South Florida St. Petersburg

University of South Florida

University of California, Santa Barbara

College of Marin

Instituto de Óptica "Daza de Valdés"

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Scripps Institution of Oceanography

Florida College

Universidad de Murcia

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Influence of Interocular Differences and Alcohol Consumption on Binocular Visual Performance

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (2023)

Francesco Martino José J. Castro Miriam Casares‐López Sonia Ortiz‐Peregrina Pilar Granados‐Delgado

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of a moderate breath–alcohol content (BrAC of 0.40 mg/L) on binocular visual performance for different visual functions after inducing different levels of interocular differences with the use of filters. A total of 26 healthy young subjects were enrolled. The participants participated in two sessions: one without alcohol consumption and another after alcohol consumption. In each session and for the different filter conditions (subjects were wearing Bangerter foil of 0.8 and BPM2 fog filter on the dominant eye), monocular and binocular visual function was evaluated by measuring visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, visual discrimination capacity (and successively by calculating their corresponding binocular summations) and stereopsis (near and distance stereoacuity). In addition, interocular differences were calculated for different retinal–image quality and straylight parameters. All monocular and binocular visual functions were analyzed and stereopsis was significantly impaired by alcohol and filters (p < 0.05). Interocular differences for different ocular parameters and binocular summations for visual parameters were negatively affected by filters but not alcohol. Significant correlations (averaging all the experimental conditions analyzed) were found, highlighting: the higher the interocular differences, the lower the binocular summation and the poorer the stereopsis and, therefore, the worse the binocular visual performance.

Monocular

Stereoscopic acuity

10.3390/ijerph20031751

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Citations (3)

Diverging evolution of light pollution indicators: can the Globe at Night and VIIRS-DNB measurements be reconciled?

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer (2025)

Salvador Bará José J. Castro

Light Pollution

10.1016/j.jqsrt.2025.109378

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Performance of two municipal sewage stabilization pond systems with high and low loading in South-Eastern Spain

Water Science & Technology (1995)

Antonio Soler F. Torrella J. Sáez I. Martínez José M. Nicolás

Research Article| June 01 1995 Performance of two municipal sewage stabilization pond systems with high and low loading in South-eastern Spain A. Soler; A. Soler *Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar F. Torrella; F. Torrella **Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Sáez; J. Sáez *Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar I. Martínez; I. Martínez *Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Nicolás; J. Nicolás **Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar M. Llorens; M. Llorens *Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J. Torres J. Torres *Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Murcia, 30071 Murcia, Spain Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Water Sci Technol (1995) 31 (12): 81–90. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0463 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation A. Soler, F. Torrella, J. Sáez, I. Martínez, J. Nicolás, M. Llorens, J. Torres; Performance of two municipal sewage stabilization pond systems with high and low loading in South-eastern Spain. Water Sci Technol 1 June 1995; 31 (12): 81–90. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0463 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex From January to December 1992, the efficiency of two waste stabilization pond systems (WSPS) located in the Region of Murcia, South-eastern Spain, has been studied in terms of the physicochemistry and the microbiology of the systems. The efficiencies of the different stages of the treatment and the global performance have been compared. The WSPS of Lorquí and Ceutí (12,000 inhabitants) receives fruit processing and cannery wastes mixed with the urban sewage. This increases the load up to 95,000 equivalent inhabitants with an average BOD5 of 800 mgO2/l. Global reductions of COD and BOD5 were 79% and 73% as a yearly average. The mean of the reductions of indicator microorganisms were: coliphages (CHP), 83.14%; total coliforms (TC), 72.90%; faecal coliforms (FC), 93.84% and salmonellae (SAL), 98.29%. The WSPS of San Javier (15,000 inhabitants), situated at the border of the Mediterranean, does not receive industrial wastes but suffers from intrusions of marine waters into the sewers. BOD5 is diluted by the intrusion to less than 100 mgO2/l, even in summertime when population doubles because of the tourism. Average yearly reductions of COD and BOD5 were 32% and 21%. The means of the microbiological reductions were: CHP, 81.60%; TC, 90.77%; FC, 94.37% and SAL, 99.42%. Design constants have been calculated for both systems considering the climatic conditions of the area. Chemical performance, coliforms, coliphages, microbiological performance, stabilization ponds, salmonellae This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 1995 You do not currently have access to this content.

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10.1016/0273-1223(95)00495-9

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Contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight after alcohol consumption: effects on driving performance

Scientific Reports (2020)

Miriam Casares‐López José J. Castro Francesco Martino Sonia Ortiz‐Peregrina Carolina Ortíz

Abstract In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of alcohol intake on visual function and driving performance, as well as on the relationship between these. A total of 40 healthy participants took part in three experimental sessions: one baseline session and two further sessions after consuming two different quantities of alcohol (300 ml and 450 ml of red wine). The breath alcohol content (BrAC) was measured using a breath analyzer. The contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight due to the forward intraocular scattering were measured to characterize visual function, and driving performance was assessed in three different scenarios using a driving simulator. The results showed a deterioration in contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight after drinking alcohol, in addition to an impaired ability to drive, especially for the highest alcohol intake. We also observed that the deteriorated driving performance was a function of the contrast sensitivity and retinal straylight under the effects of alcohol, indicating that these visual variables can partially predict driving performance in these conditions.

10.1038/s41598-020-70645-3

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Influence of interocular differences in the Strehl ratio on binocular summation

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics (2009)

José J. Castro José R. Jiménez E. Hita Carolina Ortíz

Abstract The aim of this work is to determine the influence of interocular differences in retinal image quality on binocular visual performance. We measured the contrast sensitivity function (both monocular and binocular) and we computed binocular summation. Data on retinal image quality were taken from a double‐pass device ( oqas™, Optical Quality Analysis System; Visiometrics SL. Tarrasa, Spain), providing the Strehl ratio as a parameter to quantify retinal image quality. A total of 28 observers took part in the experiments. Binocular summation for the contrast sensitivity function was found to be significantly ( p < 0.001) correlated with interocular differences in the Strehl ratio. The higher the interocular differences in the Strehl ratio, the lower the binocular summation. Binocular summation is less effective as the interocular differences in retinal image increase.

Strehl ratio

Monocular

Binocular disparity

10.1111/j.1475-1313.2009.00643.x

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Parental awareness of the implications of myopia and strategies to control its progression: A survey‐based study

Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics (2023)

Sonia Ortiz‐Peregrina Salvador Solano‐Molina Francesco Martino José J. Castro José R. Jiménez

Abstract Purpose Myopia has emerged as a significant public health concern. Effective methods have now been developed to delay its onset and progression. However, this information may not be reaching parents, and they are key players in terms of implementing the necessary preventive measures. This study investigated parental awareness of myopia, its implications and the strategies available for controlling it. Methods A self‐administered online survey was distributed to parents of children 6–16 years of age. To be eligible to respond, their child had to be myopic or at risk of developing myopia due to family history. Results A total of 330 parents completed the survey, of which 321 were included for analysis. Sixty‐seven percent of respondents had at least one myopic son/daughter, and most were between −1.00 and −1.75 D. Among parents of myopic children, 20.9% thought that their child's myopia progressed moderately. Sixty‐seven percent of parents had a significant level of concern about the progression of the myopia and felt that it was caused mainly by the use of electronic devices and genetics. A generalised linear model showed that parental concern was significantly predicted by the perception of evolution ( p < 0.001) and the number of known health‐related consequences ( p < 0.001). Almost 40% of parents were unaware of the existence of myopia control strategies. Relatives and eye care practitioners are the main sources of information. The most well‐known myopia control strategy was myopia control soft contact lenses (29.2%), although the option that most parents would opt for was spectacles with peripheral defocus lenses (47.1%). The selection of a contact‐lens‐based myopia control method correlated significantly with the age of the children ( p < 0.001). Conclusions Society in general and parents in particular need more information about myopia, its consequences and the options available for its control. Eye care practitioners play an important role in this issue.

Eye care

10.1111/opo.13190

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Citations (3)

Assessing the influence of cannabis and alcohol use on different visual functions: A comparative study

Experimental Eye Research (2022)

Miriam Casares‐López Sonia Ortiz‐Peregrina José J. Castro Carolina Ortíz Francesco Martino

10.1016/j.exer.2022.109231

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Citations (4)

Visual Test For Quantifying Discrimination Capacity In Ocular Pathologies

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science (2011)

José J. Castro José R. Jiménez Carolina Ortíz Aixa Alarcón Rosario G. Anera

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New testing software for quantifying discrimination capacity in subjects with ocular pathologies

Journal of Biomedical Optics (2011)

José J. Castro José R. Jiménez Carolina Ortíz Aixa Alarcón Rosario G. Anera

We develop a new visual test, designed as software for quantifying discrimination capacity under low-illumination conditions. This is an important task in the presence of visual disturbances, such as those perceived by subjects with some ocular pathologies. For this purpose, we propose a visual-disturbance index, checking the test with two groups of observers having different ocular pathologies: a group with unilateral keratitis and another group affected with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD). To compare the test results to objective data, we use a double-pass device to measure the Strehl ratio, a parameter that quantifies the retinal-image quality, taking into account aberrations, retinal reflection, and intraocular scattering working jointly. Diseased eyes present higher disturbance indexes and a lower Strehl ratio compared to their healthy fellow eyes, registering a significant descending correlation between the disturbance index and the Strehl ratio. The lower the Strehl ratio is, the higher the disturbance index for the eyes studied. Therefore, in keratitis and ARMD eyes, our results demonstrate a deterioration in the retinal-image quality and a lower discrimination capacity to peripheral stimuli, reducing visual performance.The test presented here could be useful for the study and time course in different eye diseases, especially those involving an increase in scattered light or alterations in the ocular media, as shown in this work.

10.1117/1.3526702

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Citations (48)

Retinal-Image Quality and Contrast-Sensitivity Function in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Current Eye Research (2010)

Carolina Ortíz José R. Jiménez Francisco Pérez-Ocón José J. Castro Rosario G. Anera

In this article, retinal-image quality and contrast sensitivity were measured in 25 patients with age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and 15 patients with normal retinal health.Retinal-image quality was evaluated with an objective device based on the double-pass technique, and for visual performance we measured the contrast-sensitivity function.The results from double-pass device revealed the Strehl ratio to be significantly (p < 0.0001) lower for the ARMD group with a 54.3% reduction for 3 mm pupil size and a 46.9% reduction for 4 mm. Contrast-sensitivity function for ARMD subjects was also significantly lower than for the control group (p < 0.05) with a 38.6% reduction.Patients affected with ARMD showed poorer retinal-image quality and visual performance than normal subjects. The use of objective devices based on the double-pass technique could be useful for the accurate description of the retinal-image quality of ARMD eyes, in which retinal scattering is significantly increased.

Degeneration (medical)

10.3109/02713683.2010.486521

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Citations (19)