M. Stupka

Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica

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J. Polan

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics

B. Rus

Extreme Light Infrastructure Beamlines

M. Kozlová

Extreme Light Infrastructure Beamlines

Tomáš Mocek

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics

P. Homer

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics

L. Juha

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics

K. Cassou

Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie

D. Ros

Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie

S. Kazamias

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

G. Jamelot

Université Paris-Sud

Cooperative Institutions

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physics

Czech Academy of Sciences

Université Paris-Sud

Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plasma Physics

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Université Paris-Saclay

École Polytechnique

Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives

Czech Technical University in Prague

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High-Resolution Mode-Locked Laser Rangefinder With Harmonic Downconversion

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement (2012)

Alessandro Pesatori Michele Norgia C. Svelto Massimo Zucco M. Stupka

The development of new pulsed optical sources with high pulse stability allows the improvement of common contactless measurement techniques. A new two-way optical rangefinder, employing a femtosecond laser, is presented here from design to implementation. The system is based on the evaluation of the phase delay of the returning optical pulse train with respect to the outgoing one. The main idea is to expand the time interval corresponding to the phase delay by harmonic heterodyne downconversion of a high harmonic of the pulse repetition rate (up to 10 GHz), which is applied symmetrically to the two channels. The system has shown 10 repeatability with a resolution that improves proportionally to the number of the employed harmonic.

Heterodyne (poetry)

Harmonic

Heterodyne detection

10.1109/tim.2012.2183437

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Citations (13)

Comparing ablation induced by fs, ps, and ns XUV-laser pulses

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2004)

Michal Bittner L. Juha D. Chvostová Vit Létal J. Krása

Ablation thresholds, etch rates, and quality of ablated structures often differ dramatically if a conventional, UV-Vis-IR laser delivers radiation energy onto a material surface in a short (nanosecond) or ultra-short (picosecond/femtosecond) pulses. Various short-wavelength (λ < 100 nm) lasers emitting pulses with durations ranging from ~ 10 fs to ~ 1 ns have recently been put into a routine operation. This makes possible to investigate how the ablation characteristics depends on the pulse duration in the XUV spectral region. 1.2-ns pulses of 46.9-nm radiation delivered from a capillary-discharge Ne-like Ar laser, focused by a spherical Sc/Si multilayer-coated mirror were used for an ablation of organic polymers and silicon. Various materials were irradiated with an ellipsoidal-mirror-focused XUV radiation (λ = 86 nm, τ = 30-100 fs) generated by the free-electron laser (FEL) operated at the TESLA Test Facility (TTF1 FEL) in Hamburg. The beam of the Ne-like Zn XUV laser (λ = 21.2 nm, τ < 100 ps) driven by the Prague Asterix Laser System (PALS) was also successfully focused by a spherical Si/Mo multilayer-coated mirror to ablate various materials. Based on the results of the experiment the etch rates for three different pulse durations are compared using the XUV-ABLATOR code to compensate for the wavelength difference. Comparing the values of etch rates calculated for short pulses with the measured ones for ultrashort pulses we may study the influence of pulse duration on the XUV ablation efficiency.

Extreme ultraviolet

Pulse duration

Picosecond

Nanosecond

Ultraviolet

Laser Ablation

10.1117/12.547086

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Citations (0)

Time of flight telemeter with picosecond modelocked laser

IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (2011)

Michele Norgia Alessandro Pesatori C. Svelto Andrea De Marchi Massimo Zucco

In this work is presented the design and the preliminary promising experimental results obtained by our new two-way time-of-flight telemeter. The system is based on the evaluation of the phase delay of the returning optical pulses train with respect to the outgoing one, generated from a femtosecond laser. The main idea is to expand the phase difference time delay measured with the adoption of a heterodyne method, beating at high harmonic, till 10 GHz, applied symmetrically to the two channels. It is expected that micrometer absolute accuracies and better repeatability can be obtained in this way than in simple time of flight telemetry.

Heterodyne (poetry)

Picosecond

Harmonic

10.1109/imtc.2011.5944197

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Citations (1)

Hugoniot data of plastic foams obtained from laser-driven shocks

Physical Review E (2006)

R. Dezulian F. Canova S. Barbanotti F. Orsenigo R. Redaelli

In this paper we present Hugoniot data for plastic foams obtained with laser-driven shocks. Relative equation-of-state data for foams were obtained using Al as a reference material. The diagnostics consisted in the detection of shock breakout from double layer Al/foam targets. The foams [poly(4-methyl-1-pentene) with density $130>\ensuremath{\rho}>60\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{mg}∕{\mathrm{cm}}^{3}$] were produced at the Institute of Laser Engineering of Osaka University. The experiment was performed using the Prague PALS iodine laser working at $0.44\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ wavelength and irradiances up to a few ${10}^{14}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{W}∕{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. Pressures as high as $3.6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{Mbar}$ (previously unreached for such low-density materials) where generated in the foams. Samples with four different values of initial density were used, in order to explore a wider region of the phase diagram. Shock acceleration when the shock crosses the Al/foam interface was also measured.

10.1103/physreve.73.047401

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Citations (31)

XUV-laser induced ablation of PMMA with nano-, pico-, and femtosecond pulses

Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena (2005)

L. Juha M. Bittner D. Chvostová Vit Létal J. Krása

Nanosecond

Extreme ultraviolet

Pulse duration

Ultraviolet

Laser Ablation

10.1016/j.elspec.2005.01.258

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Citations (22)

Applications of Focused X-Ray Laser at 21 nm in High-Energy Density Experiments

Springer proceedings in physics (2007)

Tomáš Mocek B. Rus M. Kozlová J. Polan P. Homer

Opacity

Energy density

Laser Ablation

10.1007/978-1-4020-6018-2_56

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Citations (1)

Investigations of laser-induced damages in fused silica optics using x-ray laser interferometric microscopy

Journal of Applied Physics (2010)

D. Margarone B. Rus M. Kozlová J. Nejdl Tomáš Mocek

A novel x-ray laser (XRL) application, aimed at understanding the microscopic effects involved in formation of laser-induced damage in optical materials exposed to high-power sub-ns laser pulses, is presented. Standard fused silica substrates with permanent damage threshold below 20 J/cm2, when irradiated by 438 nm laser pulses, were probed in situ by a neonlike zinc XRL at 21.2 nm. The probing beamline employed a double Lloyd’s mirror x-ray interferometer, used in conjunction with an imaging mirror to achieve magnification of ∼8. In conjunction with an array of in situ optical diagnostics, the main question addressed is whether the damage on the rear surface of the beamsplitter is transient or permanent. The second issue, examined by both the x-ray interferometric microscopy and the optical diagnostics, is whether a local rear-surface modification is associated with nonlinear effects such as self-focusing or filamentation of the damaging laser beam in the bulk.

Filamentation

10.1063/1.3373696

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Citations (9)

Development and applications of multimillijoule softX-ray lasers

Journal of Modern Optics (2007)

B. Rus Tomáš Mocek M. Kozlová J. Polan P. Homer

Abstract We review development of multimillijoule X-ray lasers and of applications of these new laboratory sources carried out recently at the PALS facility. A backbone of this development is the neon-like zinc laser providing saturated output at 21.2 nm, with up to 10 mJ of energy per pulse. This represents currently the most energetic soft X-ray laboratory source. Recent improvements in its operation include better control of the beam shape, and more complete understanding of the prepulse pumping. The laser at 21.2 nm has been employed for a number of application experiments reviewed in this paper. They include transmission measurements of intense soft X-ray radiation, studies of fundamental processes of soft X-ray ablation, ablation micropatterning, feasibility study of soft X-ray Thomson scattering from dense plasmas, visualization of nanometric transient perturbation of optical surfaces, measurements of ablation rates of foils heated by IR pulses, and studies of 2D plasma hydrodynamics in the regime of sequential illumination. Acknowledgements This work benefited from support of the Czech Science Foundation Grant No. 202/05/2316 and from the Centers of Fundamental Research project LC528 of the Czech Ministry of Education. Access to PALS was supported by LASERLAB Europe Access to Research Infrastructures, Contract RII3-CT-2003-506350. The Thomson scattering project was performed in part under the auspices of the US Department of Energy by the University of California Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract No. W-7405-Eng-48.

Thomson scattering

Implosion

Advanced Photon Source

10.1080/09500340701534840

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Citations (6)

X-Ray Laser Interference Microscopy for Advanced Studies of Laser-Induced Damages

Springer proceedings in physics (2007)

G. Jamelot D. Ros B. Rus M. Kozlová K. Cassou

Interference microscopy

Nanometre

Beam splitter

10.1007/978-1-4020-6018-2_73

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Citations (1)

Laser-induced damage studies in optical elements using X-ray laser interferometric microscopy

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE (2009)

D. Margarone M. Kozlová J. Nejdl B. Rus Tomáš Mocek

Results of a novel X-ray laser application, aimed at understanding the microscopic effects involved in formation of laserinduced damage in optical materials exposed to sub-ns laser pulses, will be presented. Specifically, we studied thin plane beamsplitters that are presently the weakest element of the next generation of high-energy lasers (LMJ, NIF), with permanent damage threshold below 20 J/cm². Standard fused silica substrates and a model system, containing welldefined micron grooves as seeding sites to trigger damage when irradiated by 438 nm laser pulses, were in situ probed by a neon-like zinc X-ray laser delivering up to 10 mJ at 21.2 nm. The probing beamline employed a double Lloyd's mirror interferometer, used in conjunction with an imaging mirror to provide magnification of ~8. In conjunction with an array of in-situ optical diagnostics, one of the questions addressed was whether the damage (transient or permanent) on the rear surface of the beamsplitter occurs during or after the laser pulse, i.e. whether it is due to local electrical fields or to other processes. Another issue, examined by both the X-ray interferometric microscopy and the optical diagnostics, is whether a local rear-surface modification is associated with non-linear effects (self-focusing, filamentation) of the laser beam in the bulk.

Filamentation

Beam splitter

10.1117/12.823302

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Citations (1)