The present study was undertaken on 20 female volunteers who were undergoing the certificate course at SAI NSNIS, Patiala. They undertook a total of four hours of yoga exercises, six day a weeks. Before the training programme started, the volunteers were physiologically assessed for their weight, body fat percentage, resting heat rate, resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lung function test involving measurement of vital capacity (VC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximum oxygen uptake capacity (VO2max) was assessed by a computerized metabolic analyser, by graded cycle ergometry.A two test battery, involving lying to standing test and cold pressor test were used to assess the functional status of their autonomic nervous system. The same measurements were repeated after four weeks of yoga training. It was observed that body fat percentage was reduced significantly and so did the resting heart rate and resting (standing) systolic blood pressure. The VO2max exhibited significant improvement and the PEF was also found to improve significantly. Our findings strongly suggests, among others, that although significant changes and alterations have been effected in four week yoga training in some of the parameters, but possibly a greater time period is required to affect the physiology of major body system and cause a significant generalized change in the physiological status.
• RP-HPLC method for fisetin was developed in rat plasma. • The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines. • Method was found linear in the concentration range of 25–125 ng/mL. • Recovery above 95% and % RSD less than 2 indicated about accuracy and precision of method. • Absence of interfering peaks at the retention times of fisetin and quercetin indicated method's specificity. Fisetin is an important phyto-flavonoid that possesses very good anti-oxidant, anti-Parkinson's and anti-cancer activities. A bioanalytical method was developed and validated for the estimation of fisetin in the rat's plasma using reverse phase ultra-fast liquid chromatography combined with a C-18 reverse phase column. Quercetin was used as an internal standard. The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and orthophosphoric acid (0.2% v/v) in the ratio of 30:70 v/v. Flow rate was set at 1 mL/min and chromatogram of both compounds was detected at a wavelength of 362 nm. Protein precipitation method was used to extract drug from plasma samples. The retention times for fisetin and quercetin were found at 8.3 min and 16.9 min, respectively. The developed method was found to be linear in the range of 25–125 ng/mL with regression coefficient ( r 2 ) of 0.9996. The method was validated as per the ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines. The percentage recovery was in the range of 95–105%, which indicated that method was accurate. The percentage relative standard deviation was found to be less than 2% which indicates that method was precised. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 3.18 ng/mL and 9.66 ng/mL, respectively. The developed method was found to be robust as there was no any significant change in response with change in flow rate and composition of mobile phase. Obtained results indicated that the developed method has passed all the validation test parameters and can be applied successfully for estimation of fisetin in the rat plasma.
Background: Oxidative stress is essentially an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the ability of the body to counteract or detoxify their harmful effects through neutralization by antioxidants. Since the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from multiple sources is capable of producing deleterious effects. Body has its own defence mechanism against the oxidative damage by ROS. These defence strategies act in the form of Antioxidants.
Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar in collaboration with Department of Ophthalmology, Ram Lal Eye Hospital, Amritsar attached to Govt. Medical College, Amritsar. 50 patients suffering from cataract attending the OPD and wards of Ramlal Eye Hospital diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical signs/symptoms and slit lamp examination were selected for the study. 50 age matched normal healthy individuals from the same population were selected to serve as controls. The comparison was done by students ‘t’ test on the number of variables for each parameter.
Result: Our results confirm that oxidative stress is responsible for the development of all three subtypes of cataract. The use of antioxidants may be helpful to prevent or delay cataractogenesis.
Conclusion: We found that there is a significant disequilibrium status of antioxidant system in serum in various types of age- related cataract patients compared with the control group. The activities of SOD, GPx in cataract group were lower than those in the control group. The oxidative stress products MDA were significantly increased in serum of cataract patients.
Key words: Oxidative stress, Cortical cataract, Posterior sub- capsular, Nuclear cataract
Fisetin (FS) is a polyphenolic phytoconstituent reported to have various pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antiparkinsonian, and antidepressant. An analytical method was developed and validated for the estimation of FS by ultrafast liquid chromatography using C-18 reverse phase column. Acetonitrile and orthophosphoric acid (0.2% v/v) in the ratio of 30:70 v/v was used as mobile phase. Flow rate was set at 1 mL/min. Chromatogram of FS was detected at wavelength of 362 nm. Retention time for FS was found to be 7.06 min. The developed method was found to be linear in the range of 2-10 μg/mL with regression coefficient of 0.9985. The method was validated as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines. The percentage recovery was in the range of 95%-105%, which indicated the accuracy of the method. The percentage relative standard deviation (RSD) was found to be <2%, which indicates the precision of the method. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.46 and 1.41 μg/mL, respectively. The developed method was found to be robust as there was no significant change in response with change in flow rate, ratio of mobile phase, and pH. The method was successfully applied for estimation of drug loading and drug release from self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS). The % drug loading of FS in prepared liquid SNEDDS formulation was found to be 101.95%. The results of dissolution studies indicated 67.78% FS release in water at the end of 60 min.
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