The absorption of iron from tablets given with 5 types of meals was studied in 153 subjects. The meals were: a hamburger meal with beans and potatoes, a simple breakfast meal, a Latin American meal composed of black beans, rice and maize and two Southeast Asian meals composed of rice, vegetables and spices served with and without fish. The groups were directly compared by relating the absorption from the iron tablets to the absorption from a standardized reference dose of iron given on an empty stomach. The composition of meals with respect to content of meat or fish or the presence of large amounts of phytates seemed to have no influence on the absorption of iron from tablets. The absorption from iron tablets was about 40% higher when they were given with rice meals than when they were given with the other meals studied. The average decrease in absorption by meals was about 50-60% based on a comparison when tablets were given on an empty stomach. When tablets from which the iron was released more slowly were used, the absorption increased by about 30% except when they were given with rice meals, where the absorption was unchanged. The differences among the meals in their effect on the absorption of iron from tablets thus disappeared when the slow-release tablets were given.
ABSTRACT The influence of a standardized breakfast meal on the absorption of iron from two types of iron tablets ‐ rapidly‐disintegrating and slow‐release tablets ‐ was studied in 24 healthy subjects, using a serum iron technique and whole‐body counter measurements. The meal markedly reduced the absorption of iron from both types of tablets. An 8‐fold reduction was found with the rapidly‐disintegrating tablets and a 3‐fold reduction with the slow‐release tablets. Under fasting conditions the rapidly‐disintegrating tablets were significantly better absorbed than the slow‐release tablets, whereas the reverse was found when the tablets were given with the meal.
Single-dose studies in man have shown that omeprazole is a potent inhibitor of acid secretion stimulated by betazole, pentagastrin, modified sham-feeding and peptone. The degree of inhibition is dose-dependent and correlates to the area under the plasma omeprazole concentration-time curve. The duration of action of a single oral dose is 2–3 days and not dependent on a sustained plasma concentration of omeprazole. During repeated once-daily administration the level of acid inhibition increases over the first 5 days, after which it stabilises. With once-daily omeprazole treatment it is possible to almost abolish 24-hour intragastric acidity in the majority of DU patients.
The effect of oral omeprazole on pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion was studied in 11 healthy subjects. Doses of 20-80 mg produced dose dependent inhibition of acid secretion, with total suppression at the highest dose. Omeprazole was absorbed and eliminated from plasma rapidly and the inhibitory effect was related to the area under the plasma concentration time curve. The duration of action was long and single doses of 20 and 40 mg reduced acid secretion significantly for one and three days, respectively. Omeprazole in a dose of 15 mg given once daily for five days, suppressed acid secretion continuously, the inhibitory effect stabilising after three days at a predose inhibition of about 30% and a postdose inhibition of about 80%.
The effect of omeprazole, given as a buffered solution, on basal acid secretion and that induced by betazole and sham feeding in healthy subjects were studied. The three series of experiments showed a dose-dependent acid reduction during the 2nd to 4th h after administration of omeprazole in doses of 10-60 mg, with almost complete inhibition by the highest dose. The ED50 values were of the same magnitude for basal and stimulated acid secretion. This indicates that omeprazole is an equally potent inhibitor of both kinds of acid secretion irrespective of the manner in which the acid is activated.
ABSTRACT The absorption of iron from three different iron tablets ‐ rapidly‐disintegrating ferrous sulphate and ferrous carbonate tablets and slow‐release ferrous sulphate tablets ‐ was studied in healthy subjects with a serum iron technique and by whole‐body counter measurements. A solution of ferrous sulphate was used as a reference. There were no differences in the absorption from the ferrous sulphate preparations, but the ferrous carbonate tablets were less well absorbed. Good correlation was found between the maximal serum iron response and the total absorption of iron and it was concluded that serum iron studies may be used for semiquantitative measurements of iron absorption in comparative studies on different iron preparations.
ABSTRACT The absorption of iron from slow‐release and rapidly‐disintegrating ferrous sulphate tablets has been compared using a double radioiron isotope technique. The studies were performed in 15 normal subjects, 20 blood donors and 10 patients with iron deficiency anaemia. The preparations containing 100 mg of ferrous iron were given twice daily on alternate days for 10 days. The absorption differed significantly between the three groups of subjects, being highest in the anaemic patients and lowest in the normal subjects. In all groups, significantly more iron was absorbed from the slow‐release tablets compared to the rapidly‐disintegrating tablets. The mean absorption ratios were 1.3 in both normal subjects and blood donors. In patients with iron deficiency anaemia the ratio was 1.4.
