To explore the effect of drainage in cavities on preventing from grade B and C of the pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).From June 2008 to June 2010, the medical team had performed the operations of digestive tract reconstruction by the same way in 68 cases with PD. There were 43 male and 25 female patients, with a mean age of (64 ± 3) years. The patients were simply randomly divided into drainage in cavities group (DC, n = 32) and conventional drainage group (CD, n = 36) according to the different drainage way. The methods of drainage in cavities were composed of three aspects which include drainage in main pancreatic duct, drainage around cholecystojejunostomy anastomosis and peripancreatic drainage. The clinical parameters of the two groups were collected. The characteristics of the drainage juice which include color, volume and amylase value in the two groups were compared. The incidence and severity grading of pancreatic fistula between the two groups were evaluated.The average of amylase value and the peripancreatic drainage flow were (1401 ± 8) U/L and (49 ± 5) ml in the DC group. Their average in the CD group were (2160 ± 13) U/L and (76 ± 4) ml. There was significant statistical difference in the peripancreatic drainage flow between the two groups (t = 2.597, P = 0.031). The amylase values of the drainage juice between the two groups were of no statistical difference (P > 0.05). According to the definition of pancreatic fistula by an international study group, the incidence of pancreatic fistula in the DC group was 25.0% (8/32) and the CD group 30.5% (11/36) (P > 0.05). The proportion of grades B and C of pancreatic fistula in the DC group had statistical difference compared with one of the CD group (χ(2) = 4.797, P = 0.029).Drainage in cavities could significantly decrease and the occurring ratio of grade B and C of pancreatic fistula after PD.
Obesity is associated with poorer executive functioning and reward sensitivity. Yet, we know very little about whether weight loss through diet and/or increased exercise engagement improves cognitive function. This study evaluated whether weight loss following a dietary and exercise intervention was associated with improved cognitive performance. We enrolled 125 middle-aged adults with overweight and obesity (98 female) into a 12-month behavioral weight loss intervention. Participants were assigned to one of three groups: energy-restricted diet alone, an energy-restricted diet plus 150 min of moderate intensity exercise per week or an energy restricted diet plus 250 min of exercise per week. All participants completed tests measuring executive functioning and/or reward sensitivity, including the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Following the intervention, weight significantly decreased in all groups. A MANCOVA controlling for age, sex and race revealed a significant multivariate effect of group on cognitive changes. Post-hoc ANCOVAs revealed a Group × Time interaction only on IGT reward sensitivity, such that the high exercise group improved their performance relative to the other two intervention groups. Post-hoc ANCOVAs also revealed a main effect of Time, independent of intervention group, on IGT net payoff score. Changes in weight were not associated with other changes in cognitive performance. Engaging in a high amount of exercise improved reward sensitivity above and beyond weight loss alone. This suggests that there is additional benefit to adding exercise into behavioral weight loss regimens on executive functioning, even without additional benefit to weight loss.
Objective
To evaluate the effect of Tandospirone citrate in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease with depression and anxiety disorder.
Methods
A total of 122 patients with Alzheimer's disease with depression and anxiety were enrolled at the Second Hospital of Jinhua City from January 2015 to December 2016.They were randomly divided into the Lorazepam group(n=61)and the Tandospirone citrate(ADHA)(n=61). The behavioral pathology in Alzheimer's disease(BEHAVE-AD), self-care ability scale(ADL), Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA)and Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)were evaluated in the two groups after three weeks of treatment.The BEHAVE-AD, ADL, HAMA, and HAMD scores and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.
Results
Baseline scores of BEHAVE-AD, ADL, HAMA and HAMD were not significantly different between the two groups(all P>0.05). However, post-treatment scores of BEHAVE-AD, ADL, HAMA and HAMD were significantly lower than pre-treatment scores(all P<0.05), and were more significantly decreased in the Tandospirone citrate group (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the Tandospirone citrate group than that in the Lorazepam group(6.5% vs.19.7%, P<0.05).
Conclusions
Compared with Lorazepam, Tandospirone citrate is clinically more effective for Alzheimer's disease complicated with anxiety and depressive disorder.
Key words:
Alzheimer disease; Anxiety; Depression
Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors of hyperamylasemia following pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) . Methods: Clinical data of 359 patients were collected prospectively who underwent PD by the same group at Changhai Hospital of Navy Medical University from January 2017 to June 2018.There were 212 males and 147 females.The median age was 63 years old (range: 23 to 82 years old) .According to whether the patient's serum amylase was greater than 120 U/L at 0 or 1 day after surgery,the patients were divided into hyperamylasemia group and non-hyperamylasemia group. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to find out the prognostic factors of hyperamylasemia after PD. Results: Of the 359 patients, 238 cases (66.3%) developed hyperamylasemia.The incidence rate of clinically related pancreatic fistula (15.1% vs.2.5%, P<0.01) , grade B/C post pancreatectomy hemorrhage (8.8% vs. 2.5%, P<0.01) , and surgical site infection (9.2% vs. 3.3%, P=0.04) was significantly higher in the hyperamylasemia group.The severity of complications (CD grade≥Ⅲ: 11.3% vs.4.1%, P=0.023) and postoperative hospital stay (11 days vs. 9 days, P=0.001) were higher in the hyperamylasemia group.In the multivariate analysis, the main pancreatic duct diameter (MPD) ≤3 mm (OR=4.469, 95% CI: 2.563-7.793, P<0.01) , pathological type of disease (pancreatic cancer or pancreatitis) (OR=0.230, 95% CI: 0.122-0.436, P<0.01) and soft texture of pancreas (OR=3.297, 95%CI: 1.930-5.635, P<0.01) were independent prognostic factors for hyperamylasemia. Conclusions: Post-PD hyperamylasemia increased the incidence and severity of postoperative complications after PD.MPD≤3 mm, soft texture of pancreas and pathological type of disease were independent prognostic factors of hyperamylasemia.目的： 探讨胰十二指肠切除术后发生高淀粉酶血症的预后因素。 方法： 前瞻性收集2017年1月至2018年6月海军军医大学长海医院同一团队完成的359例胰十二指肠切除术患者的临床资料。男性212例，女性147例，中位年龄63岁（范围：23~82岁）。以术后0~1 d血清淀粉酶120 U/L为界，将患者分为高淀粉酶血症组和非高淀粉酶血症组。采用单因素分析、Logistic回归多因素分析的方法，分析胰十二指肠切除术后发生高淀粉酶血症的预后因素。 结果： 359例患者中，术后发生高淀粉酶血症238例（66.3%）。高淀粉酶血症组患者的临床相关胰瘘（CR-POPF）（15.1%比2.5%；χ(2)=13.249，P<0.01）、中重度出血（8.8%比2.5%；χ(2)=5.176，P<0.01）、腹腔感染（9.2%比3.3%；χ(2)=4.210，P=0.04）发生率明显高于非高淀粉酶血症组。高淀粉酶血症组患者并发症严重程度（CD分级≥Ⅲ级：11.3%比4.1%；χ(2)=5.139，P=0.023）和术后住院时间（11 d比9 d，P=0.001）亦高于非高淀粉酶血症组。对高淀粉酶血症的多因素分析结果显示，主胰管直径≤3 mm（OR=4.469，95%CI：2.563~7.793，P<0.01）、病理学类型为胰腺癌或胰腺炎（OR=0.230，95%CI：0.122~0.436，P<0.01）及胰腺质软（OR=3.297，95%CI：1.930~5.635，P<0.01）是高淀粉酶血症的独立预后因素。 结论： 胰十二指肠切除术后高淀粉酶血症增加了患者术后并发症的发生率和严重程度，主胰管较细、胰腺质软及病理学类型为胰腺癌或胰腺炎是胰十二指肠切除术后高淀粉酶血症的独立预后因素。.
Background Parkinson’s disease (PD), characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Recent research has revealed a significant connection between gut microbiota and PD. To gain insight into research interests, disciplinary contexts, and potential future directions, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis was conducted on the brain-gut axis and PD literature published between 2014 and 2023. Methods Relevant literature records were gathered from the Web of Science Core Collection on August 11, 2023. The data were then analyzed by Biblioshiny R packages and VOSviewer (version 1.6.19). Results The dataset revealed an upward trend in annual scientific publications on the brain-gut axis and PD, with an annual growth rate of 50.24%. China, the United States, and Italy were the top three most productive countries/regions. The journal “International Journal Of Molecular Sciences” published the most articles, while “Movement Disorders” received the highest number of citations. Professor Keshavarzian A emerged as the most prolific author, while Professor Scheperjans F held the highest h-index. Keyword analysis highlighted “alpha-synuclein” as the most frequent term, with “mouse model,” “inflammation,” and “risk” as emerging research topics. Additionally, “central nervous system” and “intestinal bacterial overgrowth” attracted increasing attention. Conclusion This study examined current trends and hotspots in the bibliometric landscape of the brain-gut axis and PD research. Future research directions should explore the functional and metabolic activities of gut microbiota. Additionally, transitioning from observational to interventional study designs offers the potential for personalized interventions and disease prediction. These findings can guide researchers in navigating the latest developments and shaping the future directions of this field.
Abstract The recent advance of single cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology such as Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing (CITE-seq) allows researchers to quantify cell surface protein abundance and RNA expression simultaneously at single cell resolution. Although CITE-seq and other similar technologies have quickly gained enormous popularity, novel methods for analyzing this new type of single cell multi-omics data are still in urgent need. A limited number of available tools utilize data-driven approach, which may undermine the biological importance of surface protein data. In this study, we developed SECANT, a biology-guided SEmi-supervised method for Clustering, classification, and ANnoTation of single-cell multi-omics. SECANT can be used to analyze CITE-seq data, or jointly analyze CITE-seq and scRNA-seq data. The novelties of SECANT include 1) using confident cell type labels identified from surface protein data as guidance for cell clustering, 2) providing general annotation of confident cell types for each cell cluster, 3) fully utilizing cells with uncertain or missing cell type labels to increase performance, and 4) accurate prediction of confident cell types identified from surface protein data for scRNA-seq data. Besides, as a model-based approach, SECANT can quantify the uncertainty of the results, and our framework can be easily extended to handle other types of multi-omics data. We successfully demonstrated the validity and advantages of SECANT via simulation studies and analysis of public and in-house real datasets. We believe this new method will greatly help researchers characterize novel cell types and make new biological discoveries using single cell multi-omics data.
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