Objective: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in up to 17% of patients in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). This study compared healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs between AF patients initiating rivaroxaban or warfarin in SNFs.Methods: Using de-identified claims from Optum Clinformatics Extended Data Mart (1 January 2013 to 31 December 2017), this retrospective cohort study indexed AF patients with first SNF admission during which rivaroxaban or warfarin was initiated within 3 days of admission. To adjust for selection bias, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied for baseline characteristics. Logistic regression and generalized linear models were used to compare HRU and costs.Results: 519 rivaroxaban and 1129 warfarin patients met inclusion criteria. After IPTW, the cohorts were well balanced for baseline characteristics. The average length of index SNF stay was 32.07 and 37.44 days for rivaroxaban and warfarin patients, respectively. During SNF stay, rivaroxaban patients had 27% lower odds of hospitalization (p < .0001), 2.7 fewer international normalized ratio (INR) tests per-patient-per-month (PPPM; p < .001), and 2.3 fewer pathology/laboratory encounters PPPM (p < .0001) than warfarin patients. All-cause healthcare costs were $2638 lower with rivaroxaban versus warfarin (p < .0001) during the index SNF stay, with lower medical costs (p < .0001) but higher pharmacy costs (p < .0001). Total all-cause healthcare costs 100 days post-index SNF were $8746 lower with rivaroxaban versus warfarin (p < .0001).Conclusions: In the SNF setting, AF patients treated with rivaroxaban had 5-day shorter length of stay, lower HRU, and lower all-cause total and medical costs compared to warfarin, despite higher treatment costs. These findings may help inform clinical decision-making to reduce economic burden.
2582 Background: The emergence of B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) targeted therapies in multiple myeloma (MM) has led to improvements in clinical outcomes in patients with heavily pretreated disease. Little is known about patients’ knowledge, decision-making process, and openness to these novel therapies that include chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy and bispecific antibodies. This study aims to understand patient perspectives on these BCMA-targeted therapies. Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey completed by patients with MM enrolled in HealthTree Cure Hub, an online portal for patients with plasma cell dyscrasias to help navigate their disease. An 18-question survey was developed by the research team, then reviewed and adjusted by HealthTree’s Patient Advocacy Panel and a physician panel. Responses were analyzed descriptively and reported in aggregate. Results: From 10/28/2022 to 1/12/2023, 325 patients with MM participated in the survey (mean age: 66±8 years; 54% female; 90% White; years since diagnosis: 6.6±4.7; lines of therapy: 3.0±2.6). In general, 26% of patients were open to trying a new therapy right away and 43% were open but would like more information on safety and efficacy. BCMA-targeted therapies were well known with 92% of patients having heard about them. Among respondents for each question, 65% were likely or very likely to try a CAR T-cell therapy if offered and 74% were likely or very likely to try a bispecific therapy; while 17% and 13%, respectively, needed more information to decide. The most requested domains of information were efficacy, side effects (SEs), eligibility, and administration process for both CAR T-Cell and bispecific therapies. "How soon can I receive it" was ranked higher for bispecific therapy while "where can I receive it" was ranked higher for CAR T-cell therapy, relatively. The top attributes of therapy profiles were prolonged life, improved quality of life, longer progression-free survival, and tolerable SEs. To receive an effective therapy, the top acceptable trade-offs included frequent monitoring of SEs and initiating a new drug in a hospital setting, while patients were least willing to compromise on caregiver burden. Additionally, the most acceptable SEs were those that were asymptomatic but would need routine monitoring to prevent serious complications, and those that were cosmetic but non-life-threatening. Conclusions: This study found a high level of openness in patients with MM to try BCMA-targeted therapies if offered. Information on efficacy, safety, availability, and eligibility may assist patients on their decision-making. Patients were willing to accept certain trade-offs for a treatment that could be clinically beneficial. Incorporating patients’ goals, values, and preferences alongside clinical factors and other considerations may further optimize treatment decisions and improve patient outcomes.
To evaluate healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among patients who initiated repository corticotropin injection (RCI; H.P. Acthar Gel) treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Patients aged ≥18 years with ≥2 diagnoses for either RA or SLE between July 1, 2006 and April 30, 2015 were identified in the HealthCore Integrated Research Database. Index RCI date was the earliest date of a medical or pharmacy claim for RCI after diagnosis. Baseline characteristics, pre- and post-initiation HRU and costs were assessed using descriptive statistics.This study identified 180 RA patients (mean age = 60 years, 56% female) and 29 SLE patients (mean age = 45 years, 90% female) who initiated RCI. First RCI use averaged 7.1 and 22.6 months after the initial RA and SLE diagnosis, respectively. After RCI initiation, RA patients incurred significantly lower per-patient-per-month (PPPM) all-cause medical costs ($1,881 vs $682, p < .01) vs the pre-initiation period, driven by lower PPPM hospitalizations costs ($1,579 vs $503, p < .01). Overall PPPM healthcare costs were higher ($2,751 vs $5,487, p < .01) due to higher PPPM prescription costs ($869 vs $4,805, p < .01). Similarly, SLE patients had decreased PPPM hospitalization costs ($3,192 vs $799, p = .04) and increased PPPM prescription costs ($905 vs $7,443, p < .01) after initiating RCI; the difference in overall PPPM healthcare costs was not statistically significant likely, due to small sample size.This study, across a heterogeneous population of variable disease duration, described clinical and healthcare utilization and costs of RA and SLE patients initiating RCI in a real-world setting. We observed that patients receiving RCI had lower utilization and costs for medical services in both disease populations, which partially offset the increased prescription costs by 30% and 37%. Future research is needed to explore factors associated with RCI initiation and its impact on long-term outcomes.
Adalimumab (ADA), certolizumab pegol (CER), etanercept (ETA), guselkumab (GUS), ixekizumab (IXE), secukinumab (SEC), and ustekinumab (UST) are biologics approved for the treatment of psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). We examined adherence and persistence among PsO patients with comorbid PsA who initiated treatment with any of these biologics.Adult patients with ≥1 pharmacy/medical claim for any of these seven biologics, and ≥1 diagnosis of both PsO and PsA were selected from the MarketScan Commercial database (July 2014-June 2019). Adherence and persistence rates were examined among the seven study cohorts during fixed follow-up periods (3, 6, 9, and 12 months).Among patients with ≥9 months of continuous enrollment, 3,251 initiated ADA, 418 CER, 1,563 ETA, 126 GUS, 422 IXE, 1,596 SEC, and 1,267 UST. During the 9-month follow-up period, the proportions of adherent patients were numerically highest among those treated with GUS (59.5%) and UST (57.0%), followed by SEC (47.9%), IXE (47.6%), ADA (46.8%), ETA (37.4%), and CER (22.0%); persistence rates were also numerically highest among those treated with GUS (65.9%) and UST (65.7%).Adjustment for potential confounders was not conducted.Adherence and persistence rates were numerically highest among patients who initiated GUS and UST.
Objective: To describe the prevalence and costs of anxiety and depression among moderate-to-severe psoriasis (PsO) patients in a commercially-insured US population.Methods: The IBM MarketScan Commercial database was used to select adults with moderate-to-severe PsO (≥1 PsO diagnosis and ≥1 systemic or biologic medication) within each calendar year from 2014 to 2016. Adults with no diagnosis of PsO or similar disorders were randomly selected (2014-2016) and matched 1:1 to PsO patients to compare the prevalence of anxiety and depression each year. Moderate-to-severe PsO patients identified in 2014 with continuous enrollment through 2015 were stratified into those with treated anxiety and/or depression (≥1 anxiety or depression diagnosis plus any anxiolytics, antidepressants, or antipsychotics within 30 days) vs those without anxiety/depression, and then matched 1:1 to determine the incremental burden of treated anxiety/depression among PsO patients. All-cause and PsO-related healthcare costs were compared between the matched cohorts using generalized linear models.Results: In total, 69,644 matched PsO and non-PsO patients were identified in 2014, 61,478 in 2015, and 66,880 in 2016. The prevalence of anxiety/depression among PsO patients increased more than for matched controls, from 18.2% vs 12.2% in 2014 (p < 0.01) to 19.6% vs 13.1% in 2016 (p < 0.01). Prevalence of treated anxiety/depression followed the same trend, with increases from 14.5% vs 8.9% in 2014 (p < 0.01) to 15.9% vs 9.9% in 2016 (p < 0.01). For patients with moderate-to-severe PsO, unadjusted incremental all-cause healthcare costs associated with treated anxiety/depression were $8,077 (p < 0.01); 91% was due to utilization of medical services such as hospitalizations, ER visits, office visits, and other outpatient services (all p < 0.01).Conclusions: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders is higher among PsO patients than the general population, and the incremental burden of treated anxiety/depression is substantial. Further research is needed, but PsO treatments that improve psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety/depression may benefit patients and reduce their economic burden.