In recent years, developing sustainable management by transforming organic biomass wastes into value-added products has become advantageous. Cauliflower (CF) and grapes are cultivated in hilly regions of India at all times, which facilitates the recycling of those waste into biogas generation for substantial energy share. This techno-assessment approach examines biogas yield via anaerobic co-digestion of feedstocks include CF, grape residue (GR) as substrates, dairy manure (DM) as inoculum and water (W) considering mass proportions of (GR:CF:DM:W) in case1: 50/10/10/30, case2: 10/50/10/30, case3: 15/45/10/30, case4: 30/30/10/30, and case5: 40/20/10/30. Real-time experimentation studies are carried out for 45 days in a 50 liter laboratory-type biogas digester under mesophilic conditions. The anaerobic digestion of each batch utilizing the selected feedstocks with 10.496, 10.935, 10.879, 10.713, and 10.602 kg of total volatile solids produces biogas yields of 0.584, 0.638, 0.704, 0.766, and 0.785 m3/kg VS. Furthermore, methane yields of 0.403, 0.451, 0.502, 0.559, and 0.580 m3/kg VS are attained. According to the results, anaerobic co-digestion of feedstocks in case5 promotes maximum biogas and methane yields, paving the path for greater value added transition from bio-mass waste to bio-gas as an alternate source of clean energy especially in hilly regions which has become more beneficial for improved energy conservation and management with eco-friendliness.
Abstract The main objective of this study is to enhance the interfacial adhesion between Kevlar fiber‐reinforced epoxy composite for a single lap joint. This has been achieved by performing various chemical treatments on Kevlar fiber. Moreover, the nanofiller‐added epoxy matrices were also used for investigating its potentiality in a single lap joint. A thorough comparison has been made among various chemical treatments based composite and modified epoxy matrix composite. The tensile strength of similar and dissimilar single lap joints was investigated through experiments and was analyzed by SEM, XRD, and Weibull model. It was perceived that the tensile shear strength and Weibull modulus of the treated similar Kevlar lap joint were 21.45% and 40.18% higher than the similar nanocomposite joint; also, it has been found that an increment of about 79.8% and 76.64% with that of untreated similar Kevlar joint. Furthermore, the failure progression of optimized joints was evaluated by acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. Highlights Interfacial adhesion study of Kevlar fiber with matrix in single lap joint. Kevlar surface modification and epoxy modified by nanocomposites were used. The lap shear strength of similar and dissimilar single lap joint composites. SEM, XRD, and Weibull analysis and AE monitoring were used for this research. Chemical treatments on Kevlar fiber have enhanced the interfacial adhesion.
Abstract The present work focuses on analyzing the thermal properties of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 wt% of titania‐silver nanocomposite particles dispersed paraffin wax (NCDPW) PCM without and with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant for both non‐cycled and thermal cycled samples. NCDPW without and with SDS was prepared using electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonication process. 1 wt% titania‐silver NCDPW with SDS in the mass ratio of 1:0.25 (NCP:SDS) is identified as optimum with an enhancement in thermal conductivity of 66.59%, better thermal decomposition stability upto 372°C, good physical interaction between nanocomposite particles (NCP) and paraffin wax (PW). Also, an enhancement in thermal storage efficiency (97.15%), reduction in onset melting time (35.50%) and onset freezing time (29.23%) compared to PW even after several thermal cycling process is achieved. Further, it showed a reduction in melting onset temperature to 59.2°C, an enhancement in melting heat capacity potential by 7.2% and freezing heat capacity potential by 7.7% after thermal cycling process. On the whole, the thermal properties of the base PW are increased due to the addition of titania‐silver NCP with SDS proving it, a promising energy storage medium for thermal energy storage.
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