Jun-Hong Xing

Jilin Agricultural University

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Chunwei Shi

Jilin Agricultural University

Wentao Yang

University of California, Davis

Chunfeng Wang

Jilin Agricultural University

Guilian Yang

Jilin Agricultural University

Yanlong Jiang

Jilin Agricultural University

Haibin Huang

Jilin Agricultural University

Xin Cao

Jilin Agricultural University

Ligang Xue

Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University

Jianzhong Wang

Shanxi Agricultural University

Tianming Niu

Jilin Agricultural University

Cooperative Institutions

Jilin Agricultural University

Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University

Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Capital Medical University

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Jilin University

Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China

Sichuan University

Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

Qingdao University

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LysoPE mediated by respiratory microorganism Aeromicrobium camelliae alleviates H9N2 challenge in mice

Veterinary Research (2024)

Qingsong Yan Jun-Hong Xing Ruonan Zou Ming-Jie Sun Bo-Shi Zou

Influenza remains a severe respiratory illness that poses significant global health threats. Recent studies have identified distinct microbial communities within the respiratory tract, from nostrils to alveoli. This research explores specific anti-influenza respiratory microbes using a mouse model supported by 16S rDNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The study found that transferring respiratory microbes from mice that survived H9N2 influenza to antibiotic-treated mice enhanced infection resistance. Notably, the levels of Aeromicrobium were significantly higher in the surviving mice. Mice pre-treated with antibiotics and then inoculated with Aeromicrobium camelliae showed reduced infection severity, as evidenced by decreased weight loss, higher survival rates, and lower lung viral titres. Metabolomic analysis revealed elevated LysoPE (16:0) levels in mildly infected mice. In vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that LysoPE (16:0) suppresses inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) expression, enhancing anti-influenza defences. Our findings suggest that Aeromicrobium camelliae could serve as a potential agent for influenza prevention and a prognostic marker for influenza outcomes.

Respiratory tract

10.1186/s13567-024-01391-x

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Gut microbiota-derived LCA mediates the protective effect of PEDV infection in piglets

Microbiome (2024)

Jun-Hong Xing Tianming Niu Bo-Shi Zou Guilian Yang Chunwei Shi

Abstract Background The gut microbiota is a critical factor in the regulation of host health, but the relationship between the differential resistance of hosts to pathogens and the interaction of gut microbes is not yet clear. Herein, we investigated the potential correlation between the gut microbiota of piglets and their disease resistance using single-cell transcriptomics, 16S amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, and untargeted metabolomics. Results Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection leads to significant changes in the gut microbiota of piglets. Notably, Landrace pigs lose their resistance quickly after being infected with PEDV, but transplanting the fecal microbiota of Min pigs to Landrace pigs alleviated the infection status. Macrogenomic and animal protection models identified Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus amylovorus in the gut microbiota as playing an anti-infective role. Moreover, metabolomic screening of the secondary bile acids’ deoxycholic acid (DCA) and lithocholic acid (LCA) correlated significantly with Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus amylovorus , but only LCA exerted a protective function in the animal model. In addition, LCA supplementation altered the distribution of intestinal T-cell populations and resulted in significantly enriched CD8 + CTLs, and in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that LCA increased SLA-I expression in porcine intestinal epithelial cells via FXR receptors, thereby recruiting CD8 + CTLs to exert antiviral effects. Conclusions Overall, our findings indicate that the diversity of gut microbiota influences the development of the disease, and manipulating Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus amylovorus , as well as LCA, represents a promising strategy to improve PEDV infection in piglets.

Lactobacillus reuteri

10.1186/s40168-023-01734-4

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Citations (8)

Immunoprotective effect of recombinant Lactobacillus plantarum expressing largemouth bass virus MCP on largemouth bass

Fish & Shellfish Immunology (2024)

Yong-Lei Yang Rongrong Zhang Jiaxi Pang Jun-Hong Xing Tiankui Guo

10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109986

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Inhibitory Effect of Lactococcus and Enterococcus faecalis on Citrobacter Colitis in Mice

Microorganisms (2024)

Ullah Naveed Chenxi Jiang Qingsong Yan Yupeng Wu Jinhui Zhao

Probiotics are beneficial for intestinal diseases. Research shows that probiotics can regulate intestinal microbiota and alleviate inflammation. Little research has been done on the effects of probiotics on colitis in mice. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of the strains isolated and screened from the feces of healthy piglets on the enteritis of rocitrobacter. The compound ratio of isolated Lactobacillus L9 and Enterococcus faecalis L16 was determined, and the optimal compound ratio was selected according to acid production tests and bacteriostatic tests in vitro. The results showed that when the ratio of Lactobacillus L9 to Enterococcus faecalis L16 was 4:1, the pH value was the lowest, and the antibacterial diameter was the largest. Then, in animal experiments, flow cytometry was used to detect the number of T lymphocytes in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of mice immunized with complex lactic acid bacteria. The results showed that the number of T lymphocytes in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of mice immunized with complex lactic acid bacteria significantly increased, which could improve the cellular immunity of mice. The microbiota in mouse feces were sequenced and analyzed, and the results showed that compound lactic acid bacteria could increase the diversity of mouse microbiota. It stabilized the intestinal microbiota structure of mice and resisted the damage of pathogenic bacteria. The combination of lactic acid bacteria was determined to inhibit the intestinal colitis induced by Citrobacter, improve the cellular immune response of the body, and promote the growth of animals.

Enterococcus faecalis

Mesenteric lymph nodes

Citrobacter

10.3390/microorganisms12040730

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Isolation and Pathogenicity Evaluation of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 from Common Carp, Cyprinus Carpio

DongXing Zhang Ligang Xue Lixia Wang Xia Luo Jun-Hong Xing

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is the primary serotype of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC), which can cause diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic uremic syndrome. It is considered as a major health concern due to it being a zoonotic disease that is transmitted through food. In this study, a pathogenic bacterium was isolated from infected carp, which identified as E. coli O157:H7 named X21 through genetic sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, physiological and biochemical tests. In the experiment, crucian carp was used as a model to study the pathogenicity of the isolate, the pathological histological observations and cytokines expression of fish tissues were determined after bacterial challenge. The results showed that severe pathological damage observed in the liver, spleen, headkidney of fish infected with isolate X21. Besides, we found that accumulation of IgT+ B cells in the lamina propria of intestine, and up-regulation of SUCH-r, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-11, MyD88, and TNF-α gene in various tissues. After challenged, the survivability of crucian carp infected with isolate X21 stands at a mere 14.27%. To our knowledge, this is the first report that E. coli O157:H7 infected the freshwater fish C. carpio, which indicates that this bacterium is a potential threat to public health and freshwater fish aquaculture.

Common carp

Isolation

10.2139/ssrn.4455448

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Isolation and pathogenicity evaluation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from common carp, Cyprinus carpio

Microbial Pathogenesis (2023)

Ligang Xue Xia Luo Jun-Hong Xing Dan Wang Dong-Xing Zhang

Crucian carp

Common carp

10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106250

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Citations (3)

Lactobacillus plantarum surface-displayed influenza antigens (NP-M2) with FliC flagellin stimulate generally protective immune responses against H9N2 influenza subtypes in chickens

Veterinary Microbiology (2020)

Qiongyan Li Manman Xu Hang Dong Jinhui Zhao Jun-Hong Xing

Flagellin

10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108834

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Citations (13)

The immune adjuvant effect of Astragalus polysaccharide on in ovo injection of Newcastle disease vaccine

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition (2020)

Ligang Xue Dan Wang Dongxing Zhang Anqi Ju Aoyi Duan

Abstract In this study, immunogenic efficacies of in ovo administration of Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) along with live Newcastle disease vaccine (live ND vaccine) (live VG/GA strain) were evaluated. Four hundred fertilized eggs were randomly divided into four groups ( n = 100/group), and vaccinated in ovo, respectively, with solutions of APS, live ND vaccine, live ND vaccine combined with APS, and 0.9% physiological saline into their amniotic fluid on d 18.5 of incubation. Significant improvement of chicks’ development was displayed in those vaccinated with live ND vaccine adjuvanted with APS in ovo , manifested as enhanced hatchability and gaining weight. Moreover, in ovo administration of live NDV vaccine plus APS could significantly enhance the serum anti‐NDV antibody titres and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ), interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4 and IL‐6 concentrations, promote lymphocyte proliferative capability as well as improve the frequencies of CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in peripheral blood. Overall results indicated in ovo administration of live ND vaccine adjuvanted with APS could stimulate stronger humoral and cellular responses in newly hatched chicks.

In ovo

Immunopotentiator

Newcastle Disease

Attenuated vaccine

10.1111/jpn.13388

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Citations (16)

Ferritin-binding and ubiquitination-modified mRNA vaccines induce potent immune responses and protective efficacy against SARS-CoV-2

International Immunopharmacology (2024)

Tong Yu ChenChao Zhang Jun-Hong Xing Tong Zhang Zhiqiang Xu

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) incessantly engenders mutating strains via immune escape mechanisms, substantially escalating the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome. In this context, the urgent development of innovative and efficacious mRNA vaccines is imperative. In our study, we synthesized six unique mRNA vaccine formulations: the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) monomer vaccine, RBD dimer (2RBD) vaccine, RBD-Ferritin (RBD-Fe) vaccine, ubiquitin-modified wild-type Nucleocapsid gene (WT-N) vaccine, rearranged Nucleocapsid gene (Re-N) vaccine, and an epitope-based (COVID-19 epitope) vaccine, all encapsulated within the lipid nanoparticle SM102. Immunization studies conducted on C57BL/6 mice with these vaccines revealed that the RBD monomer, RBD dimer (2RBD), and RBD-Fe vaccines elicited robust titers of specific antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies. In contrast, the wild-type N gene (WT-N), rearrange N gene (Re-N), and COVID-19 epitope vaccines predominantly induced potent cellular immune responses. Protective efficacy assays in golden hamsters demonstrated that vaccinated cohorts showed significant reduction in lung pathology, markedly lower viral loads in the lungs, nasal turbinates, and trachea, and substantially reduced transcriptional and expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Overall, our vaccine candidates pave the way for novel strategies in vaccine development against various infectious agents and establish a critical foundation for the formulation of advanced vaccines targeting emerging pathogens.

Vaccine efficacy

Tuberculosis vaccines

10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111630

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Citations (2)

Bacillus subtilis BSH has a protective effect on Salmonella infection by regulating the intestinal flora structure in chickens

Microbial Pathogenesis (2021)

Jun-Hong Xing Wei Zhao Qiongyan Li Guilian Yang Rongrong Zhang

Cecum

Lactobacillus salivarius

Flora

10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104898

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Citations (9)